Stainless Steel 310S
AISI/SAE 310S · UNS S31008 · EN 1.4845, X8CrNi25-21 · JIS SUS310S · GB 06Cr25Ni20, 0Cr25Ni20
310S is a very high chromium/nickel (about 25Cr-20Ni) austenitic stainless steel supplied as UNS S31008, 1.4845, 06Cr25Ni20 and SUS310S.
Values for the Solution Annealed condition
310S tempers and conditions
310S is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. Solution Annealed is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mill-annealed bar/forging condition (ASTM A276/A479) | Use for annealed bar, forgings and fittings where full ductility and weldability are needed but section is too heavy for sheet practice. | 255 | 570 | 45 | 170 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
Solution AnnealedDefault 1050–1120 °C, rapid cool (plate/sheet/tube standard supply) | Standard as-supplied condition for plate, sheet and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and freedom from sigma/carbide precipitation. | 260 | 590 | 45 | 160 HB | — |
hot worked bar and plate, descaled (not re-annealed) | Economical heavy bar and plate for furnace structural parts where surface finish and dimensional tolerance are secondary. | 275 | 580 | 42 | 180 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
cold-finished bar/wire, light cold work | Pick for tighter tolerance bar, better surface and higher room-temperature strength; ductility and creep-service benefit are reduced. | 520 | 760 | 25 | 22 HRC | — |
heavily cold-drawn/rolled strip and bar | For springy strip, fasteners and high-strength room-temperature parts; not used for high-temperature service because cold work is lost on heating. | 690 | 930 | 12 | 28 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways 310S is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
Cold Rolled 2B | Cold Rolled, Annealed and Pickled, 2B finish | Surface finish |
What is 310S?
310S is a very high chromium/nickel (about 25Cr-20Ni) austenitic stainless steel supplied as UNS S31008, 1.4845, 06Cr25Ni20 and SUS310S. It is chosen for oxidation and creep resistance in furnace and heat-treating equipment up to 1050 °C, in annealed plate, cold rolled 2B sheet, hot rolled bar and cold drawn bar. Annealed properties are about 260 MPa yield, 590 MPa tensile, 45 % elongation and 160 HB (82 HRB), with good formability (score 70) but modest aqueous corrosion resistance (66) and high nickel cost. Where 1000 °C is sufficient, 309S is the cheaper alternative. 310S has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). 310S has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
What is 310S used for?
- Welded furnace muffles
- Heat-treatment baskets and trays
- Radiant tubes and burner nozzles
- Furnace retorts and liners
- Boiler and incinerator internals
- Annealing box covers
- Kiln support fixtures
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,050°C (1,922 °F), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 70/100, better than 79% of stainless steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 45%, better than 76% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 6.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Low strength — 260 MPa (37.7 ksi), worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
310S properties
Typical room-temperature values for 310S-Solution Annealed; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
310S has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical15
310S has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
310S is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
310S conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (66/100), better than 59% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 310S takes about 85 MJ of energy and emits 6.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 92% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
310S's machinability is poor (32/100, worse than 62% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability very good (70/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 310S is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 310S
Is 310S easy to machine?
Gummy and strongly work-hardening: use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp carbide, ~30–60 m/min surface speed, heavy feed, no dwell, and flood coolant.
Can 310S be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 310/ER310 filler; keep heat input low, no preheat or PWHT, avoid long exposure at 650–900 °C to prevent sigma embrittlement.
Can 310S be formed, bent or molded?
Good cold formability but high work-hardening rate demands ~50% more press force than 304; hot work at 1150–1200 °C and re-solution anneal after heavy forming.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to 310S. Every 310S part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Fair32 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | M.1 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 150 / 180 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1.5 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 4× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Better70 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Excellent75 / 100 |
| Bendable | Yes |
310S chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C0.08 max (310S vs 0.25 max for 310) | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Cr | 24 – 26 | 25 |
| Ni | 19 – 22 | 20.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.2 |
| Si1.00 max in some EN/JIS deliveries | ≤ 1.5 | 0.6 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| NEN 1.4845 limit | ≤ 0.11 | 0.04 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 310S?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate or electropolish after welding to restore the oxide; grinds and polishes to bright finishes, glass-bead or shot blast for furnace parts.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
Organic Coating
CVD Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 310S in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- S31008
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.4845X8CrNi25-21
- GB (China)
- 06Cr25Ni200Cr25Ni20
- JIS
- SUS310S
How much does 310S cost?
310S is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), pricier than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
310S — frequently asked
What is 310S used for?
310S is typically used for welded furnace muffles, heat-treatment baskets and trays, radiant tubes and burner nozzles, furnace retorts and liners, boiler and incinerator internals and annealing box covers. In short: furnace-grade austenitic stainless.
What is the yield strength of 310S?
310S has a typical yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is 310S easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (32/100, worse than 62% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and strongly work-hardening: use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp carbide, ~30–60 m/min surface speed, heavy feed, no dwell, and flood coolant.
Can 310S be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 310/ER310 filler; keep heat input low, no preheat or PWHT, avoid long exposure at 650–900 °C to prevent sigma embrittlement.
What surface finishes work on 310S?
Not anodizable — pickle and passivate or electropolish after welding to restore the oxide; grinds and polishes to bright finishes, glass-bead or shot blast for furnace parts.
Can 310S be formed, bent or molded?
Good cold formability but high work-hardening rate demands ~50% more press force than 304; hot work at 1150–1200 °C and re-solution anneal after heavy forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of 310S?
310S is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 310S cost?
310S is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), pricier than about 58% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in 310S?
Yes — 310S is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Cr and Cr-Ni Stainless Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A276/A479 — Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes — ASTM International (2022)
- EN 10095 — Heat resisting steels and nickel alloys (1.4845) — CEN (2018)
- JIS G 4304 / GB/T 4237 (SUS310S / 06Cr25Ni20) — JISC / SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Outokumpu Steel Handbook / 4845 datasheet — Outokumpu (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.