Stainless Steel 1.4325
EN 1.4325
1.4325 (X9CrNi18-9) is an 18/8 austenitic Cr-Ni stainless with a chemistry close to 304 / S30400 but a slightly higher carbon level.
Reference datasheet — 1.4325 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the Annealed condition
1.4325 tempers and conditions
1.4325 is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. Annealed is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault solution annealed (1010–1120 °C, water quenched) | Standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. | 260 | 600 | 55 | 160 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Standard machining bar stock: better straightness, tighter tolerance and higher yield than annealed, with less gumminess. | 490 | 720 | 28 | 17 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Use where moderate extra strength is needed but some bending/forming is still required. | 570 | 900 | 14 | 28 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Half hard | Common strip temper for clamps, brackets and light springs with simple bends. | 800 | 1,070 | 10 | 32 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength strip where only very generous bend radii or flat parts are needed. | 970 | 1,240 | 5 | 37 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum rolled strength for flat springs, shims and blades; essentially non-formable except gentle radii. | 1,010 | 1,310 | 4 | 40 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Spring hard | Choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. | 1,500 | 1,750 | 3 | 45 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
low-temperature stress relief (300–400 °C) after cold work | Applied to cold-worked springs and machined parts to reduce residual stress and raise elastic limit without sensitisation. | 1,600 | 1,800 | 3 | 46 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways 1.4325 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
BA | Bright annealed | Surface finish |
HRAP | Hot rolled, annealed and pickled | Surface finish |
What is 1.4325?
1.4325 (X9CrNi18-9) is an 18/8 austenitic Cr-Ni stainless with a chemistry close to 304 / S30400 but a slightly higher carbon level. It is used for general corrosion-resistant fabrication and is available annealed, BA, HRAP, cold drawn, 1/4H to FH, spring temper and stress-relieved; annealed properties are about 260 MPa yield, 600 MPa tensile, 55 % elongation, 160 HB (84 HRB), with a formability score of 88 and oxidation-limited service to roughly 800 °C. The higher carbon raises the risk of weld decay in aggressive wet service, so 1.4307 (304L) is the better pick for as-welded corrosive duty. 1.4325 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). 1.4325 has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi).
What is 1.4325 used for?
- kitchen equipment
- general fabrication
- architectural fittings
- tanks
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 55%, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 220 MPa·√m (200.2 ksi·√in), better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 88/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Readily welded — 80/100, better than 80% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 260 MPa (37.7 ksi), worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
1.4325 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4325-Annealed; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4325 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4325 has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4325 is rated for continuous service to 800°C (1,472 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4325 conducts electricity at 2.4 % IACS, better than 67% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 52% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4325 takes about 53 MJ of energy and emits 4.4 kg of CO₂ — less than 67% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 70%.
Manufacturability8
1.4325's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (80/100); formability excellent (88/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 1.4325 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1.4325
Is 1.4325 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
Can 1.4325 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
1.4325 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher than standard 1.4301/304 | 0.04 – 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Ni | 8 – 10 | 9 |
| N | ≤ 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1.4325?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 1.4325 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- X9CrNi18-9
- Similar grades
- 304S30400
How much does 1.4325 cost?
1.4325 is a standard-cost stainless steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1.4325 — frequently asked
What is 1.4325 used for?
1.4325 is typically used for kitchen equipment, general fabrication, architectural fittings and tanks. In short: general-purpose 304-type stainless; wide temper range on file; higher carbon than 304L.
What is the yield strength of 1.4325?
1.4325 has a typical yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 1.4325 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (80/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
What surface finishes work on 1.4325?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
Can 1.4325 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4325?
1.4325 is rated for continuous use to about 800°C (1,472 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4325 Annealed and 1.4325 Spring?
Annealed is the default condition — standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. Spring: choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. Yield strength is 260 MPa in Annealed versus 1,500 MPa in Spring.
How much does 1.4325 cost?
1.4325 is a standard-cost stainless steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10088-1/-2 Stainless steels — list of grades and technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate/strip — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM (2023)
- ASTM A666 — Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate and Flat Bar — ASTM (2015)
- EN 10270-3 / ASTM A313 — Stainless spring steel wire — CEN / ASTM (2011)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Machinery's Handbook (machinability ratings) — Industrial Press (2020)
- (Mysteel / SMM) (2026)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.