Stainless Steel E310
EN E310 · UNS W31010
E310 is a fully austenitic 25Cr-20Ni covered electrode (UNS W31010) from the AWS A5.4 stainless SMAW family, supplied with -15 basic and -16 rutile coatings.
Reference datasheet — E310 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the AW condition
E310 tempers and conditions
E310 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. AW is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lime (basic) coating, DCEP only | Pick for the cleanest, lowest-hydrogen and toughest deposit and for all-position out-of-position work on thick heat-resistant sections. | 410 | 590 | 38 | 185 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT. | 420 | 600 | 36 | 190 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
Rutile (titania) coating, AC or DCEP | Most widely stocked version: smooth arc, easy slag removal and AC capability for general 25-20 and dissimilar-metal welding. | 425 | 610 | 35 | 195 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
What is E310?
E310 is a fully austenitic 25Cr-20Ni covered electrode (UNS W31010) from the AWS A5.4 stainless SMAW family, supplied with -15 basic and -16 rutile coatings. Engineers select it for oxidation resistance in service up to 1050 °C and for crack-tolerant joints between dissimilar steels, with as-welded properties of about 420 MPa yield, 600 MPa tensile, 36 % elongation and 190 HB (90 HRB). The deposit contains no ferrite, so it is hot-crack sensitive and needs low heat input, stringer beads and controlled dilution. Where higher creep strength is required, E310H is the nearest alternative. E310 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). E310 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 36% and the elastic modulus is 196 GPa (28.4 Msi).
What is E310 used for?
- furnace and kiln components
- heat-treating fixtures
- high-temperature piping
- dissimilar steel welds
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,050°C (1,922 °F), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 80% of stainless steel grades
E310 properties
Typical room-temperature values for E310-AW; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
E310 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
E310 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 36% and the elastic modulus is 196 GPa (28.4 Msi).
Thermal6
E310 is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
E310 conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 52% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E310 takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability7
E310's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. E310 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with E310
Is E310 easy to machine?
Fully austenitic deposit machines like 310: low speeds, positive rake, rigid setup and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.
Can E310 be welded?
Short arc, low heat input, stringer beads and interpass temperature below ~150 °C; redry electrodes (250–300 °C) and limit dilution to control hot cracking.
Can E310 be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile (>30 % elongation) but work hardens fast; peening/dressing is preferable to cold bending of weldments.
E310 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CAWS A5.4 undiluted weld metal | 0.08 – 0.2 | 0.13 |
| Cr | 25 – 28 | 26.5 |
| Ni | 20 – 22.5 | 21 |
| Mn | 1 – 2.5 | 1.8 |
| Si | ≤ 0.75 | 0.5 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.75 | |
| Cu | ≤ 0.75 | |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Feremainder, approx. 48–52 % | balance |
What surface finishes work on E310?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically grind/blast to remove chromium-rich oxide before service; no anodizing applicable.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel E310 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- W31010
- Also called
- AWS A5.4 E310
How much does E310 cost?
E310 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
E310 — frequently asked
What is E310 used for?
E310 is typically used for furnace and kiln components, heat-treating fixtures, high-temperature piping and dissimilar steel welds. In short: oxidation resistant to 1050 °C; crack-tolerant dissimilar joints; fully austenitic 25Cr-20Ni deposit.
What is the yield strength of E310?
E310 has a typical yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is E310 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades). Fully austenitic deposit machines like 310: low speeds, positive rake, rigid setup and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.
Can E310 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Short arc, low heat input, stringer beads and interpass temperature below ~150 °C; redry electrodes (250–300 °C) and limit dilution to control hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on E310?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically grind/blast to remove chromium-rich oxide before service; no anodizing applicable.
Can E310 be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile (>30 % elongation) but work hardens fast; peening/dressing is preferable to cold bending of weldments.
What is the maximum service temperature of E310?
E310 is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E310-AW and E310-15?
AW is the default condition — standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT. E310-15: pick for the cleanest, lowest-hydrogen and toughest deposit and for all-position out-of-position work on thick heat-resistant sections. Yield strength is 420 MPa in AW versus 410 MPa in E310-15.
How much does E310 cost?
E310 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- AWS A5.4/A5.4M — Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding — AWS (2012)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing, and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Stainless SMAW electrode 310-15/310-16 all-weld-metal data — ESAB / Böhler Welding / (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.