Stainless Steel E16-8-2
UNS W36810 · ASTM A5.4
E16-8-2 (W36810, AWS A5.4) is an austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo covered electrode developed for high-temperature service and for joining stainless steels to low-alloy steels where creep resistance is needed.
Reference datasheet — E16-8-2 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the AW condition
E16-8-2 tempers and conditions
E16-8-2 is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. AW is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Post-weld heat treated | Use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers. | 380 | 570 | 43 | 170 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Standard stocked condition: AC/DC+ rutile-basic covered electrode deposit, used as-welded for high-temperature stainless piping. | 420 | 600 | 40 | 185 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
As Welded | Bare rod/wire form for TIG root passes and MIG/SAW fill on high-temperature stainless and dissimilar-metal joints; cleaner, slightly tougher deposit. | 440 | 620 | 42 | 180 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
Service Aged | Reference condition for design checks after prolonged elevated-temperature service; strength rises modestly while room-temperature toughness falls due to sigma/carbide precipitation. | 460 | 640 | 28 | 210 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways E16-8-2 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
AW-15 | As Welded | Surface finish |
What is E16-8-2?
E16-8-2 (W36810, AWS A5.4) is an austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo covered electrode developed for high-temperature service and for joining stainless steels to low-alloy steels where creep resistance is needed. It is used for elevated-temperature piping welds and as a buffer layer on low-alloy steel, with all-weld-metal values of 420 MPa yield, 600 MPa tensile, 40 % elongation and 185 HB (90 HRB) and service to 760 °C. The deposit is deliberately low in ferrite (about 2–5 FN), so hot-cracking control is critical, and its general corrosion resistance is lower than a 316L deposit. Where corrosion rather than creep governs, use 316L or 309L filler instead. E16-8-2 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). E16-8-2 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 40% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
What is E16-8-2 used for?
- dissimilar metal joints
- elevated-temperature piping
- power plant fabrication
- buffer layers on low-alloy steel
E16-8-2 properties
Typical room-temperature values for E16-8-2-AW; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
E16-8-2 has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
E16-8-2 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 40% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
Thermal6
E16-8-2 is rated for continuous service to 760°C (1,400 °F). It conducts heat at 16 W/m·K (9.24 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 58% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
E16-8-2 conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is good (58/100), worse than 62% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E16-8-2 takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 50% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability6
E16-8-2's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. E16-8-2 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with E16-8-2
Is E16-8-2 easy to machine?
Machines like 316 weld metal — gummy and work-hardening; use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed and flood coolant.
Can E16-8-2 be welded?
Run with low heat input and moderate interpass temperature (<150 °C); the deliberately low ferrite (~2–5 FN) makes stringer beads and clean joint prep important to avoid hot cracking.
Can E16-8-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited metal is highly ductile (35–45 % elongation) and tolerates weld-bead peening or light cold straightening.
E16-8-2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CAWS A5.4 / A5.9 | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Cr | 14.5 – 16.5 | 15.5 |
| Ni | 7.5 – 9.5 | 8.5 |
| Mo | 1 – 2 | 1.5 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 2.5 | 1.6 |
| Si0.30–0.65 for ER16-8-2 bare wire | ≤ 0.6 | 0.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.75 | 0.15 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on E16-8-2?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically blend the weld to restore the passive film; no anodizing — electropolishing gives the best surface for steam/clean service.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel E16-8-2 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- W36810
- ASTM
- A5.4
How much does E16-8-2 cost?
E16-8-2 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
E16-8-2 — frequently asked
What is E16-8-2 used for?
E16-8-2 is typically used for dissimilar metal joints, elevated-temperature piping, power plant fabrication and buffer layers on low-alloy steel. In short: creep-resistant stainless filler; preferred for dissimilar joints; service to 760 °C.
What is the yield strength of E16-8-2?
E16-8-2 has a typical yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is E16-8-2 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 316 weld metal — gummy and work-hardening; use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed and flood coolant.
Can E16-8-2 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Run with low heat input and moderate interpass temperature (<150 °C); the deliberately low ferrite (~2–5 FN) makes stringer beads and clean joint prep important to avoid hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on E16-8-2?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically blend the weld to restore the passive film; no anodizing — electropolishing gives the best surface for steam/clean service.
Can E16-8-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited metal is highly ductile (35–45 % elongation) and tolerates weld-bead peening or light cold straightening.
What is the maximum service temperature of E16-8-2?
E16-8-2 is rated for continuous use to about 760°C (1,400 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E16-8-2-AW and E16-8-2 PWHT?
AW is the default condition — standard stocked condition: AC/DC+ rutile-basic covered electrode deposit, used as-welded for high-temperature stainless piping. PWHT: use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers. Yield strength is 420 MPa in AW versus 380 MPa in PWHT.
How much does E16-8-2 cost?
E16-8-2 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- AWS A5.4/A5.4M — Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding — American Welding Society (2012)
- AWS A5.9/A5.9M — Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods — American Welding Society (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- 16-8-2 high-temperature stainless consumable datasheets — Metrode / Böhler Welding / ESAB (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.