Stainless Steel 1.4435
EN 1.4435
1.4435 (X2CrNiMo18-14-3, S31603/316L) is a low-carbon austenitic stainless with higher nickel and molybdenum than standard 316L, covered by EN 10088 and the ASTM 3xx/F138 families.
Reference datasheet — 1.4435 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the ANN condition
1.4435 tempers and conditions
1.4435 is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. ANN is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot rolled + solution annealed + pickled plate | Heavy plate condition for pressure vessels and tank shells; scale-free pickled surface. | 245 | 545 | 50 | 145 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
ANNDefault Annealed | Standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, tube and forgings — maximum corrosion resistance and formability. | 260 | 560 | 55 | 150 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Bar stock with tighter tolerances and ~2× the yield strength of annealed material for machined shafts and fittings. | 500 | 720 | 25 | 20 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Light temper-rolled strip/sheet where extra yield strength is needed but some bending is still required. | 620 | 900 | 20 | 25 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Half hard | Medium temper strip for springy clips, clamps and structural strip where formability is limited. | 800 | 1,070 | 12 | 32 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Cold worked implant bar/wire | Implant-quality, low-inclusion, cold-worked condition for bone screws, plates and orthopaedic wire. | 800 | 1,000 | 18 | 30 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength strip for lightly formed spring and fastener parts. | 965 | 1,240 | 8 | 37 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum cold-worked strength for flat springs, shims and wire; essentially no bending capability across the grain. | 1,100 | 1,350 | 6 | 41 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways 1.4435 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
2B | Cold rolled, annealed, pickled, skin-passed sheet | Surface finish |
BA | Bright annealed sheet/tube | Surface finish |
EP | Annealed + electropolished | Surface finish |
What is 1.4435?
1.4435 (X2CrNiMo18-14-3, S31603/316L) is a low-carbon austenitic stainless with higher nickel and molybdenum than standard 316L, covered by EN 10088 and the ASTM 3xx/F138 families. It is chosen for its resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding and its clean, polishable surface, and is supplied as sheet, plate, bar, seamless tube, cold-drawn and cold-worked (F138-CW) and electropolished forms. Annealed values are 260 MPa yield, 560 MPa tensile and 55 % elongation, with service to about 550 °C; machinability is poor (score 35) and strength is modest, so 1.4434/316LN is the step up when higher yield is needed. 1.4435 has a density of 8 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,390°C (2,534 °F). 1.4435 has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
What is 1.4435 used for?
- surgical implants
- food processing
- cryogenic vessels
- chemical piping
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 88/100, better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 55%, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 95% of stainless steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 200 MPa·√m (182 ksi·√in), better than 86% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 260 MPa (37.7 ksi), worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 5.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades
1.4435 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4435-ANN; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4435 has a density of 8 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,390°C (2,534 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4435 has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4435 is rated for continuous service to 550°C (1,022 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16 µm/m·K (8.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4435 conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (74/100), better than 78% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4435 takes about 57 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 62% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
1.4435's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. 1.4435 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1.4435
Is 1.4435 easy to machine?
Gummy and strongly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, 60–120 m/min and copious high-pressure coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4435 be welded?
Excellent with GTAW/GMAW/plasma using 316L or 1.4430 filler (or autogenous for thin tube); no post-weld anneal needed thanks to C ≤0.03 %, back-purge with argon and pickle/passivate afterwards.
Can 1.4435 be formed, bent or molded?
Very good deep-drawing and bending, but high springback and rapid work hardening — allow intermediate solution anneals for severe multi-stage forming.
1.4435 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon, resists sensitization | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.45 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Slower than 1.4404 for better weldability/polish | ≤ 0.02 | 0 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 17.5 |
| Nihigher than standard 316L for low ferrite | 12.5 – 15 | 13 |
| Mo | 2.5 – 3 | 2.7 |
| N | ≤ 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1.4435?
Not anodizable; standard routes are pickling (HNO₃/HF), passivation to ASTM A967, mechanical polish to Ra ≤0.8 µm and electropolish to Ra ≤0.4 µm for pharma/ASME BPE service.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Stainless Steel 1.4435 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- X2CrNiMo18-14-3
- Similar grades
- S31603316L022Cr17Ni14Mo2
How much does 1.4435 cost?
1.4435 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1.4435 — frequently asked
What is 1.4435 used for?
1.4435 is typically used for surgical implants, food processing, cryogenic vessels and chemical piping. In short: implant-grade 316L variant; best weldability in family; cleanest electropolished finish.
What is the yield strength of 1.4435?
1.4435 has a typical yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 1.4435 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and strongly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy constant feed, 60–120 m/min and copious high-pressure coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4435 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). Excellent with GTAW/GMAW/plasma using 316L or 1.4430 filler (or autogenous for thin tube); no post-weld anneal needed thanks to C ≤0.03 %, back-purge with argon and pickle/passivate afterwards.
What surface finishes work on 1.4435?
Not anodizable; standard routes are pickling (HNO₃/HF), passivation to ASTM A967, mechanical polish to Ra ≤0.8 µm and electropolish to Ra ≤0.4 µm for pharma/ASME BPE service.
Can 1.4435 be formed, bent or molded?
Very good deep-drawing and bending, but high springback and rapid work hardening — allow intermediate solution anneals for severe multi-stage forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4435?
1.4435 is rated for continuous use to about 550°C (1,022 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4435-ANN and 1.4435-FH?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, tube and forgings — maximum corrosion resistance and formability. FH: maximum cold-worked strength for flat springs, shims and wire; essentially no bending capability across the grain. Yield strength is 260 MPa in ANN versus 1,100 MPa in FH.
How much does 1.4435 cost?
1.4435 is a premium-cost stainless steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10088-1/-2/-3 Stainless steels — X2CrNiMo18-14-3 (1.4435) — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A240M (UNS S31603) — ASTM (2023)
- ASTM A666 — annealed and cold-worked austenitic stainless sheet, strip, plate and bar — ASTM (2015)
- ASTM F138 / ISO 5832-1 — wrought 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo stainless for surgical implants — ASTM / ISO (2019)
- GB/T 20878 / GB/T 4237 — 022Cr17Ni14Mo2 — SAC (2015)
- Outokumpu Supra 316L/4435 datasheet and Corrosion Handbook — Outokumpu (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- SMM / Mysteel (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.