Stainless Steel S31060
UNS S31060
S31060 is a molybdenum-bearing modification of the 25Cr-20Ni (310-type) heat-resistant austenitic stainless family, the Mo addition targeting reducing and sulfidizing high-temperature atmospheres where standard 310 falls short.
Reference datasheet — S31060 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the Annealed condition
S31060 tempers and conditions
S31060 is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. Annealed is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forged + solution annealed (fittings, flanges, valve bodies) | Heavy sections such as flanges and fittings, annealed after forging to dissolve carbides/sigma. | 305 | 600 | 42 | 165 HB | 1.9 % IACS |
AnnealedDefault solution annealed (≈1100–1180 °C, rapid quench) | Standard stocked condition for all product forms; maximum corrosion resistance and ductility. | 320 | 620 | 45 | 170 HB | 1.9 % IACS |
Cold drawn + solution annealed tube/bar (CDA) | Seamless tubing and bar with tight tolerance and smooth bore, annealed after drawing for corrosion service. | 330 | 630 | 42 | 175 HB | 1.9 % IACS |
Cold worked (as-drawn / temper rolled, not re-annealed) | Chosen when higher strength and hardness are required and elevated-temperature or severe corrosion service is not involved. | 600 | 800 | 20 | 23 HRC | 1.9 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways S31060 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
CRA-2B | Cold Rolled, Annealed and Pickled sheet/strip | Surface finish |
HRAP | Hot Rolled, Annealed and Pickled plate | Surface finish |
What is S31060?
S31060 is a molybdenum-bearing modification of the 25Cr-20Ni (310-type) heat-resistant austenitic stainless family, the Mo addition targeting reducing and sulfidizing high-temperature atmospheres where standard 310 falls short. Annealed material gives 320 MPa yield, 620 MPa tensile, 45 % elongation and about 170 HB (87 HRB), with service to roughly 1050 °C; forms include HRAP and CRA-2B flat product, cold-drawn annealed and cold-worked bar and forged annealed shapes. It work-hardens rapidly and can form sigma phase after long mid-temperature exposure; stock is limited, and 310S is the cheaper choice where sulfur is absent. S31060 has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F). S31060 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
What is S31060 used for?
- High-temperature process equipment
- Furnace components in sulfidizing atmospheres
- Radiant tubes and burner hardware
- Furnace retorts and muffles
- Heat-treatment fixtures and trays
- Refinery reactor internals in sulfur-bearing gas
- Ore roasting and calcining equipment
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,050°C (1,922 °F), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 200 MPa·√m (182 ksi·√in), better than 86% of stainless steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 45%, better than 76% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 11.5 W/m·K (6.64 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 1.9 % IACS, worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
S31060 properties
Typical room-temperature values for S31060-Annealed; bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S31060 has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F).
Mechanical16
S31060 has a yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
Thermal6
S31060 is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 11.5 W/m·K (6.64 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 97% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15 µm/m·K (8.33 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S31060 conducts electricity at 1.9 % IACS, worse than 84% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (72/100), better than 73% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S31060 takes about 60 MJ of energy and emits 4.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability7
S31060's machinability is poor (28/100, worse than 79% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (72/100); formability good (60/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the stainless steel family
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade FabDigit runs. S31060 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with S31060
Is S31060 easy to machine?
Machines like 310S/904L: rigid setup, positive rake carbide, heavy constant feed to cut under the work-hardened layer, 30–60 m/min with flood coolant, avoid dwelling.
Can S31060 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 25-22-2 or overalloyed Ni-base filler; keep interpass below ~150 °C and heat input low to limit sigma-phase and hot cracking; no preheat, PWHT normally not required.
Can S31060 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well but work-hardens rapidly — allow 40–60 % more power and springback than 304 and interstage anneal for severe draws; hot work 1150–1250 °C then solution anneal and quench.
S31060 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher-carbon 310-type variant for elevated-temperature strength; verify against the governing product standard | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Si | ≤ 0.75 | 0.4 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Cr | 24 – 26 | 25 |
| Ni | 20.5 – 23.5 | 22 |
| Mothe distinguishing addition vs. 310S/S31008 | 1.6 – 2.6 | 2.1 |
| Naustenite stabilizer, raises strength and pitting resistance | 0.09 – 0.16 | 0.12 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on S31060?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the passive film; electropolish or mechanical polish for clean-surface duty. Not anodizable.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on stainless steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Organic Coating
Thermal Spray
How much does S31060 cost?
S31060 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
S31060 — frequently asked
What is S31060 used for?
S31060 is typically used for high-temperature process equipment, furnace components in sulfidizing atmospheres, radiant tubes and burner hardware, furnace retorts and muffles, heat-treatment fixtures and trays and refinery reactor internals in sulfur-bearing gas. In short: mo-modified 310-type stainless; 1050 °C service limit; sulfidizing-atmosphere grade.
What is the yield strength of S31060?
S31060 has a typical yield strength of 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — weaker than 60% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is S31060 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (28/100, worse than 79% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 310S/904L: rigid setup, positive rake carbide, heavy constant feed to cut under the work-hardened layer, 30–60 m/min with flood coolant, avoid dwelling.
Can S31060 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (72/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 25-22-2 or overalloyed Ni-base filler; keep interpass below ~150 °C and heat input low to limit sigma-phase and hot cracking; no preheat, PWHT normally not required.
What surface finishes work on S31060?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the passive film; electropolish or mechanical polish for clean-surface duty. Not anodizable.
Can S31060 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well but work-hardens rapidly — allow 40–60 % more power and springback than 304 and interstage anneal for severe draws; hot work 1150–1250 °C then solution anneal and quench.
What is the maximum service temperature of S31060?
S31060 is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does S31060 cost?
S31060 is a high-cost stainless steel ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A312/A312M — Seamless, Welded and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM A213/A213M — Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater and Heat-Exchanger Tubes — ASTM International (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- 25Cr-22Ni-2Mo (310MoLN-type) austenitic stainless datasheets — Sandvik / Outokumpu / Nippon Steel (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.