Stainless Steel E16-8-2 PWHT
Heat-treated state
UNS W36810 · ASTM A5.4
PWHT = post-weld heat treated
Use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers.
Values for the PWHT condition
Other E16-8-2 tempers and conditions
E16-8-2 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at E16-8-2.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PWHTThis page Post-weld heat treated | Use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers. | 380 | 570 | 43 | 170 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Standard stocked condition: AC/DC+ rutile-basic covered electrode deposit, used as-welded for high-temperature stainless piping. | 420 | 600 | 40 | 185 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
As Welded | Bare rod/wire form for TIG root passes and MIG/SAW fill on high-temperature stainless and dissimilar-metal joints; cleaner, slightly tougher deposit. | 440 | 620 | 42 | 180 HB | 2.3 % IACS |
Service Aged | Reference condition for design checks after prolonged elevated-temperature service; strength rises modestly while room-temperature toughness falls due to sigma/carbide precipitation. | 460 | 640 | 28 | 210 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
What is E16-8-2 PWHT?
E16-8-2 PWHT is E16-8-2 heat treated to PWHT — use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers. E16-8-2 PWHT has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 52% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 43% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi). E16-8-2 PWHT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). AW is the default condition FabDigit quotes; PWHT is available on request or by drawing note.
E16-8-2 PWHT properties
Typical room-temperature values for E16-8-2 PWHT; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are E16-8-2 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
E16-8-2 PWHT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
E16-8-2 PWHT has a yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 52% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 43% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).
Thermal6
E16-8-2 PWHT is rated for continuous service to 760°C (1,400 °F). It conducts heat at 16.5 W/m·K (9.53 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 70% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
E16-8-2 PWHT conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is fair (54/100), worse than 75% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E16-8-2 PWHT takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 50% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability6
E16-8-2 PWHT's machinability is fair (42/100, better than 79% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (58/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with E16-8-2 PWHT
Is E16-8-2 easy to machine?
Machines like 316 weld metal — gummy and work-hardening; use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed and flood coolant.
Can E16-8-2 be welded?
Run with low heat input and moderate interpass temperature (<150 °C); the deliberately low ferrite (~2–5 FN) makes stringer beads and clean joint prep important to avoid hot cracking.
Can E16-8-2 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited metal is highly ductile (35–45 % elongation) and tolerates weld-bead peening or light cold straightening.
What surface finishes work on E16-8-2?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically blend the weld to restore the passive film; no anodizing — electropolishing gives the best surface for steam/clean service.
E16-8-2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CAWS A5.4 / A5.9 | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Cr | 14.5 – 16.5 | 15.5 |
| Ni | 7.5 – 9.5 | 8.5 |
| Mo | 1 – 2 | 1.5 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 2.5 | 1.6 |
| Si0.30–0.65 for ER16-8-2 bare wire | ≤ 0.6 | 0.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.75 | 0.15 |
| Fe | balance | — |
E16-8-2 PWHT — frequently asked
What is E16-8-2 PWHT used for?
E16-8-2 PWHT is typically used for dissimilar metal joints, elevated-temperature piping, power plant fabrication and buffer layers on low-alloy steel. In short: creep-resistant stainless filler; preferred for dissimilar joints; service to 760 °C.
What is the yield strength of E16-8-2 PWHT?
E16-8-2 PWHT has a typical yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 52% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is E16-8-2 PWHT easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (42/100, better than 79% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 316 weld metal — gummy and work-hardening; use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed and flood coolant.
Can E16-8-2 PWHT be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Run with low heat input and moderate interpass temperature (<150 °C); the deliberately low ferrite (~2–5 FN) makes stringer beads and clean joint prep important to avoid hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on E16-8-2 PWHT?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically blend the weld to restore the passive film; no anodizing — electropolishing gives the best surface for steam/clean service.
Can E16-8-2 PWHT be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited metal is highly ductile (35–45 % elongation) and tolerates weld-bead peening or light cold straightening.
What is the maximum service temperature of E16-8-2 PWHT?
E16-8-2 PWHT is rated for continuous use to about 760°C (1,400 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E16-8-2-AW and E16-8-2 PWHT?
AW is the default condition — standard stocked condition: AC/DC+ rutile-basic covered electrode deposit, used as-welded for high-temperature stainless piping. PWHT: use when the ferritic/low-alloy side of a dissimilar joint or the code requires PWHT; strength drops slightly and ductility recovers. Yield strength is 420 MPa in AW versus 380 MPa in PWHT.
Sources
- AWS A5.4/A5.4M — Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding — American Welding Society (2012)
- AWS A5.9/A5.9M — Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods — American Welding Society (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- 16-8-2 high-temperature stainless consumable datasheets — Metrode / Böhler Welding / ESAB (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.