Stainless Steel 1.4325 Spring
Heat-treated state
EN 1.4325
Spring = spring hard
Choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance.
Values for the Spring condition
Other 1.4325 tempers and conditions
1.4325 is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4325.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault solution annealed (1010–1120 °C, water quenched) | Standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. | 260 | 600 | 55 | 160 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Standard machining bar stock: better straightness, tighter tolerance and higher yield than annealed, with less gumminess. | 490 | 720 | 28 | 17 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Use where moderate extra strength is needed but some bending/forming is still required. | 570 | 900 | 14 | 28 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Half hard | Common strip temper for clamps, brackets and light springs with simple bends. | 800 | 1,070 | 10 | 32 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength strip where only very generous bend radii or flat parts are needed. | 970 | 1,240 | 5 | 37 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum rolled strength for flat springs, shims and blades; essentially non-formable except gentle radii. | 1,010 | 1,310 | 4 | 40 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
SpringThis page Spring hard | Choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. | 1,500 | 1,750 | 3 | 45 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
low-temperature stress relief (300–400 °C) after cold work | Applied to cold-worked springs and machined parts to reduce residual stress and raise elastic limit without sensitisation. | 1,600 | 1,800 | 3 | 46 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
What is 1.4325 Spring?
1.4325 Spring is 1.4325 heat treated to Spring — choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. 1.4325 Spring has a yield strength of 1,500 MPa (218 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 190 GPa (27.6 Msi). 1.4325 Spring has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Spring is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 1,500 MPa (218 ksi), better than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 3%, worse than 100% of stainless steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 20/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades
- Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 91% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 60 MPa·√m (54.6 ksi·√in), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
1.4325 Spring properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4325 Spring; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4325 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4325 Spring has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4325 Spring has a yield strength of 1,500 MPa (218 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 3% and the elastic modulus is 190 GPa (27.6 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4325 Spring is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4325 Spring conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (55/100), worse than 71% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4325 Spring takes about 53 MJ of energy and emits 4.4 kg of CO₂ — less than 67% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 70%.
Manufacturability8
1.4325 Spring's machinability is poor (20/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability poor (15/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4325 Spring
Is 1.4325 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
Can 1.4325 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
What surface finishes work on 1.4325?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
1.4325 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher than standard 1.4301/304 | 0.04 – 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Ni | 8 – 10 | 9 |
| N | ≤ 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4325 Spring — frequently asked
What is 1.4325 Spring used for?
1.4325 Spring is typically used for kitchen equipment, general fabrication, architectural fittings and tanks. In short: general-purpose 304-type stainless; wide temper range on file; higher carbon than 304L.
What is the yield strength of 1.4325 Spring?
1.4325 Spring has a typical yield strength of 1,500 MPa (218 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) — stronger than 100% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 1.4325 Spring easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (20/100, worse than 98% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 Spring be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
What surface finishes work on 1.4325 Spring?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
Can 1.4325 Spring be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4325 Spring?
1.4325 Spring is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4325 Annealed and 1.4325 Spring?
Annealed is the default condition — standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. Spring: choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. Yield strength is 260 MPa in Annealed versus 1,500 MPa in Spring.
Sources
- EN 10088-1/-2 Stainless steels — list of grades and technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate/strip — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM (2023)
- ASTM A666 — Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate and Flat Bar — ASTM (2015)
- EN 10270-3 / ASTM A313 — Stainless spring steel wire — CEN / ASTM (2011)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Machinery's Handbook (machinability ratings) — Industrial Press (2020)
- (Mysteel / SMM) (2026)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.