Stainless Steel 1.4325 Annealed
Temper · default condition
EN 1.4325
Standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability.
Values for the Annealed condition
Other 1.4325 tempers and conditions
1.4325 is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4325.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefaultThis page solution annealed (1010–1120 °C, water quenched) | Standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. | 260 | 600 | 55 | 160 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Standard machining bar stock: better straightness, tighter tolerance and higher yield than annealed, with less gumminess. | 490 | 720 | 28 | 17 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Use where moderate extra strength is needed but some bending/forming is still required. | 570 | 900 | 14 | 28 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Half hard | Common strip temper for clamps, brackets and light springs with simple bends. | 800 | 1,070 | 10 | 32 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength strip where only very generous bend radii or flat parts are needed. | 970 | 1,240 | 5 | 37 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum rolled strength for flat springs, shims and blades; essentially non-formable except gentle radii. | 1,010 | 1,310 | 4 | 40 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Spring hard | Choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. | 1,500 | 1,750 | 3 | 45 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
low-temperature stress relief (300–400 °C) after cold work | Applied to cold-worked springs and machined parts to reduce residual stress and raise elastic limit without sensitisation. | 1,600 | 1,800 | 3 | 46 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
What is 1.4325 Annealed?
1.4325 Annealed is 1.4325 in the Annealed temper — standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. 1.4325 Annealed has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi). 1.4325 Annealed has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 55%, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 220 MPa·√m (200.2 ksi·√in), better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 88/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 85/100, better than 97% of stainless steel grades
- Readily welded — 80/100, better than 80% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 260 MPa (37.7 ksi), worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
1.4325 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4325 Annealed; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4325 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4325 Annealed has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4325 Annealed has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 55% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4325 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 800°C (1,472 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4325 Annealed conducts electricity at 2.4 % IACS, better than 67% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 52% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4325 Annealed takes about 53 MJ of energy and emits 4.4 kg of CO₂ — less than 67% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 70%.
Manufacturability8
1.4325 Annealed's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (80/100); formability excellent (88/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4325 Annealed
Is 1.4325 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
Can 1.4325 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
What surface finishes work on 1.4325?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
1.4325 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher than standard 1.4301/304 | 0.04 – 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Ni | 8 – 10 | 9 |
| N | ≤ 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4325 Annealed — frequently asked
What is 1.4325 Annealed used for?
1.4325 Annealed is typically used for kitchen equipment, general fabrication, architectural fittings and tanks. In short: general-purpose 304-type stainless; wide temper range on file; higher carbon than 304L.
What is the yield strength of 1.4325 Annealed?
1.4325 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 1.4325 Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening: use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy positive feed and flood coolant, surface speed ~80–120 m/min; avoid dwelling to prevent a hardened skin.
Can 1.4325 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (80/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/resistance methods with 308L/347 filler; because of the higher carbon, solution anneal after welding or accept possible weld-decay in aggressive wet service, and avoid slow cooling through 450–850 °C.
What surface finishes work on 1.4325 Annealed?
Not anodisable; passivate to ASTM A967 or electropolish after machining, and finish mechanically to 2B/BA/No.4/No.8 as required—pickle to remove heat tint after welding.
Can 1.4325 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the annealed state (deep drawing, roll forming, spinning) but high work-hardening rate—use interstage annealing for severe draws and allow for large springback.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4325 Annealed?
1.4325 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 800°C (1,472 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4325 Annealed and 1.4325 Spring?
Annealed is the default condition — standard stocked condition for sheet, plate, bar and tube; maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and formability. Spring: choose for coil/torsion springs and formed wire needing very high tensile with corrosion resistance. Yield strength is 260 MPa in Annealed versus 1,500 MPa in Spring.
Sources
- EN 10088-1/-2 Stainless steels — list of grades and technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate/strip — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM (2023)
- ASTM A666 — Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate and Flat Bar — ASTM (2015)
- EN 10270-3 / ASTM A313 — Stainless spring steel wire — CEN / ASTM (2011)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Machinery's Handbook (machinability ratings) — Industrial Press (2020)
- (Mysteel / SMM) (2026)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.