Stainless Steel E310-AW (As-welded deposit)
Heat-treated state · default condition
EN E310 · UNS W31010
Standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT.
Values for the AW condition
Other E310 tempers and conditions
E310 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at E310.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lime (basic) coating, DCEP only | Pick for the cleanest, lowest-hydrogen and toughest deposit and for all-position out-of-position work on thick heat-resistant sections. | 410 | 590 | 38 | 185 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
AWDefaultThis page As-welded deposit | Standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT. | 420 | 600 | 36 | 190 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
Rutile (titania) coating, AC or DCEP | Most widely stocked version: smooth arc, easy slag removal and AC capability for general 25-20 and dissimilar-metal welding. | 425 | 610 | 35 | 195 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
What is E310-AW?
E310-AW is E310 heat treated to AW — standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT. E310-AW has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 36% and the elastic modulus is 196 GPa (28.4 Msi). E310-AW has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,050°C (1,922 °F), better than 91% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Difficult to machine — 25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 80% of stainless steel grades
E310-AW properties
Typical room-temperature values for E310-AW; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are E310 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
E310-AW has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
E310-AW has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 36% and the elastic modulus is 196 GPa (28.4 Msi).
Thermal6
E310-AW is rated for continuous service to 1,050°C (1,922 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
E310-AW conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 52% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E310-AW takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 75% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability7
E310-AW's machinability is poor (25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with E310-AW
Is E310 easy to machine?
Fully austenitic deposit machines like 310: low speeds, positive rake, rigid setup and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.
Can E310 be welded?
Short arc, low heat input, stringer beads and interpass temperature below ~150 °C; redry electrodes (250–300 °C) and limit dilution to control hot cracking.
Can E310 be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile (>30 % elongation) but work hardens fast; peening/dressing is preferable to cold bending of weldments.
What surface finishes work on E310?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically grind/blast to remove chromium-rich oxide before service; no anodizing applicable.
E310 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CAWS A5.4 undiluted weld metal | 0.08 – 0.2 | 0.13 |
| Cr | 25 – 28 | 26.5 |
| Ni | 20 – 22.5 | 21 |
| Mn | 1 – 2.5 | 1.8 |
| Si | ≤ 0.75 | 0.5 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.75 | — |
| Cu | ≤ 0.75 | — |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Feremainder, approx. 48–52 % | balance | — |
E310-AW — frequently asked
What is E310-AW used for?
E310-AW is typically used for furnace and kiln components, heat-treating fixtures, high-temperature piping and dissimilar steel welds. In short: oxidation resistant to 1050 °C; crack-tolerant dissimilar joints; fully austenitic 25Cr-20Ni deposit.
What is the yield strength of E310-AW?
E310-AW has a typical yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — stronger than 64% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is E310-AW easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (25/100, worse than 88% of stainless steel grades). Fully austenitic deposit machines like 310: low speeds, positive rake, rigid setup and heavy feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.
Can E310-AW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Short arc, low heat input, stringer beads and interpass temperature below ~150 °C; redry electrodes (250–300 °C) and limit dilution to control hot cracking.
What surface finishes work on E310-AW?
Pickle and passivate or mechanically grind/blast to remove chromium-rich oxide before service; no anodizing applicable.
Can E310-AW be formed, bent or molded?
Deposit is ductile (>30 % elongation) but work hardens fast; peening/dressing is preferable to cold bending of weldments.
What is the maximum service temperature of E310-AW?
E310-AW is rated for continuous use to about 1,050°C (1,922 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E310-AW and E310-15?
AW is the default condition — standard supplied/tested condition: properties of the undiluted as-deposited weld metal, no PWHT. E310-15: pick for the cleanest, lowest-hydrogen and toughest deposit and for all-position out-of-position work on thick heat-resistant sections. Yield strength is 420 MPa in AW versus 410 MPa in E310-15.
Sources
- AWS A5.4/A5.4M — Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding — AWS (2012)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing, and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Stainless SMAW electrode 310-15/310-16 all-weld-metal data — ESAB / Böhler Welding / (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.