Stainless Steel ER320LR-AW (As-welded deposit)
Heat-treated state · default condition
UNS N08022
Default condition: properties of the undiluted deposit in the as-welded state, used for design of Alloy 20 joints.
Values for the AW condition
Other ER320LR tempers and conditions
ER320LR is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at ER320LR.
- SA
- AW
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deposit/weldment solution annealed ~1120 °C + rapid quench | Pick when the fabricated component is solution annealed after welding to dissolve carbides/secondary phases and maximize acid corrosion resistance. | 300 | 560 | 42 | 155 HB | 1.6 % IACS |
AWDefaultThis page As-welded deposit | Default condition: properties of the undiluted deposit in the as-welded state, used for design of Alloy 20 joints. | 390 | 590 | 33 | 180 HB | 1.6 % IACS |
What is ER320LR-AW?
ER320LR-AW is ER320LR heat treated to AW — default condition: properties of the undiluted deposit in the as-welded state, used for design of Alloy 20 joints. ER320LR-AW has a yield strength of 390 MPa (56.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 54% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi). ER320LR-AW has a density of 8.02 g/cm³ (0.29 lb/in³), heavier than 97% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,355°C (2,471 °F).
Advantages
- Good corrosion resistance — 78/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 70/100, better than 79% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low electrical conductivity — 1.6 % IACS, worse than 99% of stainless steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 6.2 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 12.6 W/m·K (7.28 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades
ER320LR-AW properties
Typical room-temperature values for ER320LR-AW; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are ER320LR reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
ER320LR-AW has a density of 8.02 g/cm³ (0.29 lb/in³), heavier than 97% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,355°C (2,471 °F).
Mechanical16
ER320LR-AW has a yield strength of 390 MPa (56.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 54% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 193 GPa (28 Msi).
Thermal6
ER320LR-AW is rated for continuous service to 450°C (842 °F). It conducts heat at 12.6 W/m·K (7.28 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 88% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 14.9 µm/m·K (8.28 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
ER320LR-AW conducts electricity at 1.6 % IACS, worse than 99% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (78/100), better than 84% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of ER320LR-AW takes about 78 MJ of energy and emits 6.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 87% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability7
ER320LR-AW's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability very good (70/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with ER320LR-AW
Is ER320LR easy to machine?
Deposit machines like Alloy 20: gummy and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds, low speeds and flood coolant.
Can ER320LR be welded?
GTAW/GMAW/SAW with low heat input, stringer beads, interpass ≤150 °C and pure Ar (or Ar+He) shielding; keep dilution from carbon steel low and avoid crater cracks in the essentially ferrite-free deposit.
Can ER320LR be formed, bent or molded?
Supplied as drawn wire; the deposit itself is highly ductile and cold-formable but work-hardens rapidly, so intermediate annealing is needed for severe forming.
What surface finishes work on ER320LR?
Not anodizable — pickle to remove heat tint and passivate per ASTM A967; the fully austenitic surface polishes to a bright, non-magnetic finish.
ER320LR chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon to resist sensitization | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Cr | 19 – 21 | 20 |
| Ni | 32 – 36 | 34 |
| Mo | 2 – 3 | 2.5 |
| Cu | 3 – 4 | 3.5 |
| NbNb (Cb) stabilizer, restricted range vs ER320 | 0.2 – 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 1.5 – 2 | 1.75 |
| Silow Si to reduce hot cracking | ≤ 0.15 | 0.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Ta | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Feremainder, approx. 36–40 % | balance | — |
ER320LR-AW — frequently asked
What is ER320LR-AW used for?
ER320LR-AW is typically used for alloy 20 vessels requiring high-ductility welds, sulfuric acid processing piping, restrained multipass pressure vessel joints, alloy 20 pump and valve castings repair, acid storage and rail tank car linings and overlay on carbon steel in acid service. In short: low-residual Alloy 20 filler; lower hot-cracking risk; ferrite-free ductile deposit.
What is the yield strength of ER320LR-AW?
ER320LR-AW has a typical yield strength of 390 MPa (56.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 54% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is ER320LR-AW easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades). Deposit machines like Alloy 20: gummy and work-hardening — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds, low speeds and flood coolant.
Can ER320LR-AW be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). GTAW/GMAW/SAW with low heat input, stringer beads, interpass ≤150 °C and pure Ar (or Ar+He) shielding; keep dilution from carbon steel low and avoid crater cracks in the essentially ferrite-free deposit.
What surface finishes work on ER320LR-AW?
Not anodizable — pickle to remove heat tint and passivate per ASTM A967; the fully austenitic surface polishes to a bright, non-magnetic finish.
Can ER320LR-AW be formed, bent or molded?
Supplied as drawn wire; the deposit itself is highly ductile and cold-formable but work-hardens rapidly, so intermediate annealing is needed for severe forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of ER320LR-AW?
ER320LR-AW is rated for continuous use to about 450°C (842 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between ER320LR-AW and ER320LR-SA?
AW is the default condition — default condition: properties of the undiluted deposit in the as-welded state, used for design of Alloy 20 joints. SA: pick when the fabricated component is solution annealed after welding to dissolve carbides/secondary phases and maximize acid corrosion resistance. Yield strength is 390 MPa in AW versus 300 MPa in SA.
Sources
- AWS A5.9/A5.9M — Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods — American Welding Society (2017)
- ASTM A1016 / UNS N08022 designation listings (Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System) — SAE/ASTM (2017)
- Alloy 20 / 20Cb-3 bar and welding consumable data — Carpenter Technology (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.