Stainless Steel 310HCb CW-1/4H
Supply condition
UNS S31041
CW-1/4H = 1/4 Hard
Occasional strip/wire condition where extra room-temperature strength and springback are needed; not used for creep-governed hot service.
Values for the CW-1/4H condition
Other 310HCb tempers and conditions
310HCb is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at 310HCb.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault solution annealed (~1050–1150 °C) and rapidly cooled | Standard supply condition for plate, pipe and tube; maximum ductility and the condition for which ASME creep/allowable stresses apply. | 260 | 590 | 45 | 170 HB | — |
As-welded deposit | Condition of fabricated furnace assemblies welded with matching Nb-bearing 310 filler; Nb keeps HAZ sensitization-resistant so PWHT is usually unnecessary. | 300 | 570 | 32 | 185 HB | 2.1 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Choose for tighter dimensional tolerance and higher room-temperature strength in bar/tube; strength gain is lost above ~600 °C service. | 450 | 690 | 30 | 17 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
CW-1/4HThis page 1/4 Hard | Occasional strip/wire condition where extra room-temperature strength and springback are needed; not used for creep-governed hot service. | 515 | 760 | 20 | 22 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
What is 310HCb CW-1/4H?
310HCb CW-1/4H is 310HCb supplied in the CW-1/4H condition — occasional strip/wire condition where extra room-temperature strength and springback are needed; not used for creep-governed hot service. 310HCb CW-1/4H has a yield strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 310HCb CW-1/4H has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CW-1/4H is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 515 MPa (74.7 ksi), better than 78% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 5.8 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 86% of stainless steel grades
- Limited ductility — 20%, worse than 79% of stainless steel grades
310HCb CW-1/4H properties
Typical room-temperature values for 310HCb CW-1/4H; 24 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 310HCb reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
310HCb CW-1/4H has a density of 7.98 g/cm³ (0.288 lb/in³), heavier than 85% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
310HCb CW-1/4H has a yield strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
310HCb CW-1/4H is rated for continuous service to 550°C (1,022 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
310HCb CW-1/4H conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (70/100), better than 68% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 310HCb CW-1/4H takes about 68 MJ of energy and emits 5.8 kg of CO₂ — more than 80% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
310HCb CW-1/4H's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (60/100); formability fair (35/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 310HCb CW-1/4H
Is 310HCb easy to machine?
Slow speeds, heavy positive-rake carbide, rigid setups and flood coolant — the alloy work-hardens fast and produces stringy chips; avoid dwelling to prevent glazing.
Can 310HCb be welded?
GTAW/SMAW/FCAW with matching 310 or Nb-bearing 310 filler, low heat input, interpass ≤150 °C; keep ferrite-free weld pools clean to avoid hot cracking and no PWHT normally needed thanks to Nb stabilization.
Can 310HCb be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms readily but with high force and springback (work-hardening rate ~2× carbon steel); hot work at 1150–1200 °C and finish above 950 °C, then solution anneal 1050–1150 °C and cool fast.
What surface finishes work on 310HCb?
Pickle/passivate or bead-blast after hot work to restore the Cr₂O₃ film; can be electropolished or mechanically polished, no anodizing — protect from chloride-bearing residues before high-temperature service.
310HCb chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ccontrolled high carbon for creep strength | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.07 |
| Cr | 24 – 26 | 25 |
| Ni | 19 – 22 | 20.5 |
| Nbstabilizer; forms NbC and prevents sensitization | 0.2 – 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.5 |
| Siaids oxidation resistance | ≤ 1.5 | 0.8 |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
310HCb CW-1/4H — frequently asked
What is 310HCb CW-1/4H used for?
310HCb CW-1/4H is typically used for high-temperature pressure vessels, petrochemical furnace piping, welded reformer internals, superheater and reheater tubing, furnace hangers and supports and hot-gas ducting and expansion joints. In short: stabilized high-carbon 310; creep strength with stabilization; welded high-temperature pressure parts.
What is the yield strength of 310HCb CW-1/4H?
310HCb CW-1/4H has a typical yield strength of 515 MPa (74.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) — stronger than 78% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is 310HCb CW-1/4H easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Slow speeds, heavy positive-rake carbide, rigid setups and flood coolant — the alloy work-hardens fast and produces stringy chips; avoid dwelling to prevent glazing.
Can 310HCb CW-1/4H be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (60/100). GTAW/SMAW/FCAW with matching 310 or Nb-bearing 310 filler, low heat input, interpass ≤150 °C; keep ferrite-free weld pools clean to avoid hot cracking and no PWHT normally needed thanks to Nb stabilization.
What surface finishes work on 310HCb CW-1/4H?
Pickle/passivate or bead-blast after hot work to restore the Cr₂O₃ film; can be electropolished or mechanically polished, no anodizing — protect from chloride-bearing residues before high-temperature service.
Can 310HCb CW-1/4H be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms readily but with high force and springback (work-hardening rate ~2× carbon steel); hot work at 1150–1200 °C and finish above 950 °C, then solution anneal 1050–1150 °C and cool fast.
What is the maximum service temperature of 310HCb CW-1/4H?
310HCb CW-1/4H is rated for continuous use to about 550°C (1,022 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 310HCb Annealed and 310HCb-CD?
Annealed is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, pipe and tube; maximum ductility and the condition for which ASME creep/allowable stresses apply. CD: choose for tighter dimensional tolerance and higher room-temperature strength in bar/tube; strength gain is lost above ~600 °C service. Yield strength is 260 MPa in Annealed versus 450 MPa in CD.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip (UNS S31041) — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A213/A213M — Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater and Heat-Exchanger Tubes — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM A312/A312M — Seamless, Welded and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes — ASTM International (2022)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Allowable stresses for S31041 — ASME (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- 310S/310H/310HCb heat-resisting austenitic stainless datasheets — Outokumpu / Sandmeyer Steel / Sandvik (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.