Stainless Steel 1.4311-CD (Cold drawn)
Supply condition
EN 1.4311 · UNS S30453 · AISI/SAE 304LN · JIS SUS304LN · GB 022Cr19Ni10N
Bar and wire with tight tolerance and raised strength for shafts, fasteners and machined parts.
Values for the CD condition
Other 1.4311 tempers and conditions
1.4311 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4311.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedDefault solution annealed (1020–1120 °C, water quenched) | Standard supply condition for plate, sheet, bar, pipe and forgings; maximum ductility and corrosion resistance. | 320 | 620 | 50 | 170 HB | — |
autogenous / matching-filler weld metal and HAZ | Property set for weld joints made with 308L/308LN filler and left un-annealed; low C + N avoids sensitisation. | 330 | 580 | 38 | 185 HB | 2.4 % IACS |
CDThis page Cold drawn | Bar and wire with tight tolerance and raised strength for shafts, fasteners and machined parts. | 520 | 750 | 28 | 20 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Light temper rolling for structural sheet and strip needing higher yield with some bendability. | 600 | 900 | 14 | 25 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Half hard | Medium temper for springy clips, straps and weight-saving structural strip. | 820 | 1,080 | 9 | 32 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength strip where only simple flat forming or shearing follows. | 910 | 1,180 | 7 | 36 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum strength strip/foil for springs, shims and flat stampings; very limited ductility. | 1,020 | 1,320 | 5 | 41 HRC | 2.3 % IACS |
What is 1.4311-CD?
1.4311-CD is 1.4311 supplied in the CD condition — bar and wire with tight tolerance and raised strength for shafts, fasteners and machined parts. 1.4311-CD has a yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi). 1.4311-CD has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CD is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 80/100, better than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Readily welded — 85/100, better than 87% of stainless steel grades
- Easy to machine — 45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades
- High strength — 520 MPa (75.4 ksi), better than 79% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
1.4311-CD properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4311-CD; 24 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4311 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4311-CD has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4311-CD has a yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4311-CD is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16 µm/m·K (8.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4311-CD conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (56/100), worse than 66% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4311-CD takes about 57 MJ of energy and emits 5.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 62% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability6
1.4311-CD's machinability is fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability good (55/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4311-CD
Is 1.4311 easy to machine?
Gummy and strongly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed, 60–120 m/min and copious coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4311 be welded?
Excellent by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW/SAW with 308L or 308LN filler; no preheat, interpass <150 °C, no post-weld anneal needed thanks to C ≤0.03 % (use N-bearing filler to keep weld strength).
Can 1.4311 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well but needs ~20–30 % higher press force and more springback allowance than 304L; hot work 1150–900 °C then solution anneal and quench.
What surface finishes work on 1.4311?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the passive film; takes 2B, BA and mirror polish readily — no anodizing (ferrous alloy).
1.4311 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon for weld-decay resistance | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| SiEN 10088-2; ASTM ≤0.75 | ≤ 1 | 0.45 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| SASTM S30453 allows ≤0.030 | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 18 – 20 | 19 |
| NiASTM S30453: 8.0–12.0 | 8.5 – 11.5 | 10 |
| NASTM S30453: 0.10–0.16; source of the extra yield strength | 0.12 – 0.22 | 0.16 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4311-CD — frequently asked
What is 1.4311-CD used for?
1.4311-CD is typically used for pressure vessels, cryogenic equipment and structural components requiring higher strength than 304L. In short: stronger 304L variant; nitrogen without sensitization risk; cryogenic-capable austenitic.
What is the yield strength of 1.4311-CD?
1.4311-CD has a typical yield strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 1.4311-CD easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and strongly work-hardening — use rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, heavy positive feed, 60–120 m/min and copious coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4311-CD be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW/SAW with 308L or 308LN filler; no preheat, interpass <150 °C, no post-weld anneal needed thanks to C ≤0.03 % (use N-bearing filler to keep weld strength).
What surface finishes work on 1.4311-CD?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the passive film; takes 2B, BA and mirror polish readily — no anodizing (ferrous alloy).
Can 1.4311-CD be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well but needs ~20–30 % higher press force and more springback allowance than 304L; hot work 1150–900 °C then solution anneal and quench.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4311-CD?
1.4311-CD is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4311 Annealed and 1.4311-FH?
Annealed is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, sheet, bar, pipe and forgings; maximum ductility and corrosion resistance. FH: maximum strength strip/foil for springs, shims and flat stampings; very limited ductility. Yield strength is 320 MPa in Annealed versus 1,020 MPa in FH.
Sources
- EN 10088-2/-3 Stainless steels – technical delivery conditions — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A240M (S30453) — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A666 – annealed/strain-hardened austenitic sheet, strip, plate and bar — ASTM International (2015)
- GB/T 24511 / GB/T 4237 (022Cr19Ni10N) — SAC (2017)
- JIS G4304/G4305 (SUS304LN) — JSA (2021)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 – Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B – Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Outokumpu Core 304LN/4311 datasheet — Outokumpu (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.