Stainless Steel S24000-ANN (Annealed)
Heat-treated state · default condition
UNS S24000 · AISI/SAE XM-29
Standard stocked condition for bar, plate and strip; maximum ductility and formability, lowest magnetic permeability.
Values for the ANN condition
Other S24000 tempers and conditions
S24000 is listed in 7 conditions; see the grade overview at S24000.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefaultThis page Annealed | Standard stocked condition for bar, plate and strip; maximum ductility and formability, lowest magnetic permeability. | 400 | 724 | 50 | 200 HB | — |
Cold drawn | Pick for close-tolerance bar and machined fasteners needing moderate strength gain over annealed. | 620 | 860 | 25 | 22 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Quarter hard | Light temper strip/wire when some forming is still required after cold work. | 690 | 900 | 22 | 28 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
High Strength cold-worked bar | Cold-worked bar/wire supplied to a specified minimum UTS for non-magnetic bolts, studs and pins. | 830 | 1,035 | 15 | 33 HRC | 2.1 % IACS |
Half hard | Common condition for spring-type retaining rings and clips needing high strength with residual bendability. | 860 | 1,035 | 15 | 33 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Three-quarter hard | High-strength temper for flat springs and rings where only mild forming radii are needed. | 1,030 | 1,170 | 12 | 37 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
Full hard | Maximum strength condition for flat wire retaining rings and non-magnetic high-load springs; very limited ductility. | 1,210 | 1,310 | 8 | 41 HRC | 2.2 % IACS |
What is S24000-ANN?
S24000-ANN is S24000 heat treated to ANN — standard stocked condition for bar, plate and strip; maximum ductility and formability, lowest magnetic permeability. S24000-ANN has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 724 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 50% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi). S24000-ANN has a density of 7.79 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 56% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 50%, better than 90% of stainless steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 3.6 kg CO₂/kg, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Poor heat conductor — 12.5 W/m·K (7.22 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades
S24000-ANN properties
Typical room-temperature values for S24000-ANN; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S24000 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
S24000-ANN has a density of 7.79 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 56% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical14
S24000-ANN has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 724 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 50% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi).
Thermal6
S24000-ANN is rated for continuous service to 760°C (1,400 °F). It conducts heat at 12.5 W/m·K (7.22 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 90% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.7 µm/m·K (8.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S24000-ANN conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (57/100), worse than 66% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S24000-ANN takes about 46 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 88% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability6
S24000-ANN's machinability is poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S24000-ANN
Is S24000 easy to machine?
Machines like a tough 300-series but with a higher work-hardening rate — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds, low-to-moderate speeds and never dwell in the cut.
Can S24000 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/PAW without preheat; use nitrogen-bearing austenitic filler (AWS E/ER209 or 240 type), keep interpass temperature low and avoid excessive heat input to limit nitride precipitation.
Can S24000 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well in the annealed condition but requires roughly double the press force of 304 and generous interstage annealing; hot work 1150–1200 °C, finish above 950 °C, then solution anneal ~1065 °C and quench.
What surface finishes work on S24000?
Pickle/passivate per ASTM A967 after hot work or welding; takes standard mechanical and electropolish finishes, no anodizing — plating is only for wear or galling control.
S24000 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| Mn | 11.5 – 14.5 | 13 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| P | ≤ 0.06 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Ni | 2.25 – 3.75 | 3 |
| Nnitrogen strengthening | 0.2 – 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
S24000-ANN — frequently asked
What is S24000-ANN used for?
S24000-ANN is typically used for retaining rings, fasteners, aerospace structural parts and non-magnetic components. In short: nickel-lean 304 substitute; high-strength non-magnetic austenitic; fast work-hardening in cut.
What is the yield strength of S24000-ANN?
S24000-ANN has a typical yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 724 MPa (105 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is S24000-ANN easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, worse than 70% of stainless steel grades). Machines like a tough 300-series but with a higher work-hardening rate — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds, low-to-moderate speeds and never dwell in the cut.
Can S24000-ANN be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/PAW without preheat; use nitrogen-bearing austenitic filler (AWS E/ER209 or 240 type), keep interpass temperature low and avoid excessive heat input to limit nitride precipitation.
What surface finishes work on S24000-ANN?
Pickle/passivate per ASTM A967 after hot work or welding; takes standard mechanical and electropolish finishes, no anodizing — plating is only for wear or galling control.
Can S24000-ANN be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well in the annealed condition but requires roughly double the press force of 304 and generous interstage annealing; hot work 1150–1200 °C, finish above 950 °C, then solution anneal ~1065 °C and quench.
What is the maximum service temperature of S24000-ANN?
S24000-ANN is rated for continuous use to about 760°C (1,400 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S24000-ANN and S24000-FH?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocked condition for bar, plate and strip; maximum ductility and formability, lowest magnetic permeability. FH: maximum strength condition for flat wire retaining rings and non-magnetic high-load springs; very limited ductility. Yield strength is 400 MPa in ANN versus 1,210 MPa in FH.
Sources
- ASTM A276/A276M — Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A240/A240M — Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A493 — Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rod for Cold Heading and Cold Forging — ASTM International (2021)
- Nitronic 33 (XM-29) Alloy Data Sheet — AK Steel / Armco Specialty Metals (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System (UNS) for Metals and Alloys — SAE International (2017)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.