Stainless Steel E309LT-1 PWHT
Heat-treated state
GB E309LT1-1
PWHT = post-weld heat treated
Used when the carbon-steel side of a dissimilar joint mandates code stress relief; expect slightly lower ductility/toughness from ferrite transformation.
Values for the PWHT condition
Other E309LT-1 tempers and conditions
E309LT-1 is listed in 2 conditions; see the grade overview at E309LT-1.
- PWHT
- AW
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PWHTThis page Post-weld heat treated | Used when the carbon-steel side of a dissimilar joint mandates code stress relief; expect slightly lower ductility/toughness from ferrite transformation. | 400 | 570 | 33 | 195 HB | 2.2 % IACS |
AWDefault As-welded deposit | Standard supplied/tested condition: as-deposited weld metal with 8–15 FN ferrite, used for dissimilar joints and buttering layers. | 420 | 580 | 38 | 200 HB | — |
What is E309LT-1 PWHT?
E309LT-1 PWHT is E309LT-1 heat treated to PWHT — used when the carbon-steel side of a dissimilar joint mandates code stress relief; expect slightly lower ductility/toughness from ferrite transformation. E309LT-1 PWHT has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi). E309LT-1 PWHT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). AW is the default condition FabDigit quotes; PWHT is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Readily welded — 88/100, better than 91% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 5.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades
E309LT-1 PWHT properties
Typical room-temperature values for E309LT-1 PWHT; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are E309LT-1 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
E309LT-1 PWHT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical14
E309LT-1 PWHT has a yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 33% and the elastic modulus is 197 GPa (28.6 Msi).
Thermal6
E309LT-1 PWHT is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 15.5 W/m·K (8.96 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 53% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.5 µm/m·K (8.61 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
E309LT-1 PWHT conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 52% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of E309LT-1 PWHT takes about 60 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability5
E309LT-1 PWHT's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades); weldability excellent (88/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with E309LT-1 PWHT
Is E309LT-1 easy to machine?
Weld deposit machines like austenitic stainless — low speeds, heavy positive-rake carbide, rigid setup and flood coolant to avoid work hardening and chip welding.
Can E309LT-1 be welded?
FCAW with 100 % CO₂ (‑1 classification), DCEP, 22–30 V; T1 rutile slag gives all-position operation; keep interpass ≤150 °C and maintain 8–15 FN to avoid hot cracking in dissimilar joints.
Can E309LT-1 be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited layers can be cold-planished lightly but heavy cold work embrittles the ferrite phase.
What surface finishes work on E309LT-1?
Remove slag fully, then grind/pickle (HNO₃-HF paste) and passivate; ferrite makes the deposit slightly magnetic and it etches darker than 308L in polished cross-sections.
E309LT-1 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CL grade, low carbon | ≤ 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Cr | 22 – 25 | 23.5 |
| Ni | 12 – 14 | 13 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 2.5 | 1.4 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.7 |
| Moresidual | ≤ 0.5 | 0.1 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.5 | 0.1 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Febalance, undiluted weld metal | balance | — |
E309LT-1 PWHT — frequently asked
What is E309LT-1 PWHT used for?
E309LT-1 PWHT is typically used for FCAW dissimilar metal joints (stainless to carbon steel), stainless overlay cladding on carbon steel, buttering layers before 308L or 316L fill passes, clad plate seam and repair welds, transition joints in heat exchangers and vessels and heavy structural joints in mixed-material fabrications. In short: standard dissimilar-metal filler; over-alloyed against dilution; high-deposition cladding wire.
What is the yield strength of E309LT-1 PWHT?
E309LT-1 PWHT has a typical yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) and a tensile strength of 570 MPa (82.7 ksi) — stronger than 57% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is E309LT-1 PWHT easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of stainless steel grades). Weld deposit machines like austenitic stainless — low speeds, heavy positive-rake carbide, rigid setup and flood coolant to avoid work hardening and chip welding.
Can E309LT-1 PWHT be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (88/100). FCAW with 100 % CO₂ (‑1 classification), DCEP, 22–30 V; T1 rutile slag gives all-position operation; keep interpass ≤150 °C and maintain 8–15 FN to avoid hot cracking in dissimilar joints.
What surface finishes work on E309LT-1 PWHT?
Remove slag fully, then grind/pickle (HNO₃-HF paste) and passivate; ferrite makes the deposit slightly magnetic and it etches darker than 308L in polished cross-sections.
Can E309LT-1 PWHT be formed, bent or molded?
Not a wrought product; deposited layers can be cold-planished lightly but heavy cold work embrittles the ferrite phase.
What is the maximum service temperature of E309LT-1 PWHT?
E309LT-1 PWHT is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between E309LT-1-AW and E309LT-1 PWHT?
AW is the default condition — standard supplied/tested condition: as-deposited weld metal with 8–15 FN ferrite, used for dissimilar joints and buttering layers. PWHT: used when the carbon-steel side of a dissimilar joint mandates code stress relief; expect slightly lower ductility/toughness from ferrite transformation. Yield strength is 420 MPa in AW versus 400 MPa in PWHT.
Sources
- AWS A5.22/A5.22M — Stainless Steel Flux Cored and Metal Cored Welding Electrodes and Rods — AWS (2012)
- ASM Handbook Vol.6 — Welding, Brazing and Soldering — ASM International (1993)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- 309L flux-cored wire datasheets (Lincoln Electric, ESAB, Kobelco) — various (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.