Stainless Steel 1.4941-AT
Precip hard · default condition
EN 1.4941
Standard delivery condition for tube, pipe and plate; maximum ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance.
Values for the AT condition
Other 1.4941 tempers and conditions
1.4941 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4941.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hot finished + solution annealed | Choose for large-diameter seamless pipe and heavy bar where cold drawing is impractical; slightly coarser grain and scaled surface. | 230 | 560 | 45 | 155 HB | 2.4 % IACS |
ATDefaultThis page solution annealed (1020–1080 °C, rapid quench) | Standard delivery condition for tube, pipe and plate; maximum ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance. | 240 | 580 | 45 | 160 HB | — |
As-welded deposit | Property level to assume for weld joints when no post-weld solution anneal is performed. | 300 | 550 | 30 | 175 HB | 2.4 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Use for precision tube and bright bar needing tighter tolerances and higher yield than the annealed state. | 480 | 700 | 25 | 220 HB | — |
Quarter hard | Pick when a moderate strength increase is needed while retaining useful bending ductility. | 550 | 780 | 18 | 25 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Half hard | For flat springs, clamps and strapping where high strength matters more than formability. | 680 | 900 | 12 | 30 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
What is 1.4941-AT?
1.4941-AT is 1.4941 in the AT condition — standard delivery condition for tube, pipe and plate; maximum ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance. 1.4941-AT has a yield strength of 240 MPa (34.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 96% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 1.4941-AT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Advantages
- Forms and bends easily — 80/100, better than 93% of stainless steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 200 MPa·√m (182 ksi·√in), better than 86% of stainless steel grades
- Readily welded — 82/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 45%, better than 76% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 240 MPa (34.8 ksi), worse than 96% of stainless steel grades
1.4941-AT properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4941-AT; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4941 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4941-AT has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
1.4941-AT has a yield strength of 240 MPa (34.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 96% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4941-AT is rated for continuous service to 700°C (1,292 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4941-AT conducts electricity at 2.4 % IACS, better than 67% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (65/100), better than 56% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4941-AT takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 50% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability8
1.4941-AT's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (82/100); formability very good (80/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4941-AT
Is 1.4941 easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening like 321 — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy depth of cut, 60–100 m/min and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4941 be welded?
TIG/MIG/SAW with Ti- or Nb-stabilized filler (ER321/ER347); keep heat input low and interpass < 150 °C because boron increases hot-cracking risk; no post-weld anneal required for IGC resistance.
Can 1.4941 be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the +AT condition but high springback and rapid work hardening; interstage annealing at 1020–1080 °C with rapid cooling for severe draws.
What surface finishes work on 1.4941?
Pickle and passivate (nitric or citric per ASTM A967) or electropolish; not anodizable; Ti-carbonitride stringers can leave fine streaks on mirror-polished surfaces.
1.4941 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ckept low for stabilization ratio | ≤ 0.08 | 0.06 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 17 – 19 | 18 |
| Ni | 9 – 12 | 10.5 |
| Ti≥ 5×C for stabilization against intergranular attack | 0.3 – 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Bmicro-addition; strengthens grain boundaries and raises creep-rupture strength | 0 – 0.01 | 0 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4941-AT — frequently asked
What is 1.4941-AT used for?
1.4941-AT is typically used for nuclear reactor components, control rod cladding, neutron absorber elements and high-temperature welded assemblies. In short: ti-stabilised boron-bearing 18-10; as-welded IGC resistance; nuclear-grade 321 variant.
What is the yield strength of 1.4941-AT?
1.4941-AT has a typical yield strength of 240 MPa (34.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 96% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 1.4941-AT easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening like 321 — use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy depth of cut, 60–100 m/min and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4941-AT be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (82/100). TIG/MIG/SAW with Ti- or Nb-stabilized filler (ER321/ER347); keep heat input low and interpass < 150 °C because boron increases hot-cracking risk; no post-weld anneal required for IGC resistance.
What surface finishes work on 1.4941-AT?
Pickle and passivate (nitric or citric per ASTM A967) or electropolish; not anodizable; Ti-carbonitride stringers can leave fine streaks on mirror-polished surfaces.
Can 1.4941-AT be formed, bent or molded?
Excellent cold formability in the +AT condition but high springback and rapid work hardening; interstage annealing at 1020–1080 °C with rapid cooling for severe draws.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4941-AT?
1.4941-AT is rated for continuous use to about 700°C (1,292 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4941-AT and 1.4941-CD?
AT is the default condition — standard delivery condition for tube, pipe and plate; maximum ductility and intergranular corrosion resistance. CD: use for precision tube and bright bar needing tighter tolerances and higher yield than the annealed state. Yield strength is 240 MPa in AT versus 480 MPa in CD.
Sources
- DIN 17459 — Seamless circular tubes of heat-resisting steels — DIN (1992)
- VdTÜV-Werkstoffblatt 432 — X6CrNiTiB18-10 (1.4941) — VdTÜV (2010)
- EN 10088-1/-3 — Stainless steels: list of grades, technical delivery conditions — CEN (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.