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Stainless Steel 1.4361-CD (Cold drawn)

Supply condition

EN 1.4361

Choose for close-tolerance bar, pump shafts and small-bore tubing where higher strength is needed.

High cost $$$$
Request a quote in 1.4361-CD1.4361 overview

Values for the CD condition

Other 1.4361 tempers and conditions

1.4361 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4361.

Compare all 5 conditionsHide
Condition · open for datasheetBest forYield MPaTensile MPaElong. %HardnessConductivity
ADefault
Solution annealed
Standard supply condition for all product forms; maximum corrosion resistance in nitric acid service.27562045165 HB—
AW
As-welded deposit
Reference condition for weldments; use matching high-Si filler and low heat input, solution anneal where the service acid is most aggressive.30060030180 HB1.9 % IACS
CDThis page
Cold drawn
Choose for close-tolerance bar, pump shafts and small-bore tubing where higher strength is needed.4707202817 HRC1.9 % IACS
C700
1/4 Hard
Light temper for springy clips and stiffer thin sections; corrosion performance unchanged but residual stress raises SCC caution.5207602221 HRC1.9 % IACS
C850
1/2 Hard
Higher-strength strip temper for flat springs and shims; limited bending, stress relief recommended before acid service.6509001428 HRC1.9 % IACS

What is 1.4361-CD?

1.4361-CD is 1.4361 supplied in the CD condition — choose for close-tolerance bar, pump shafts and small-bore tubing where higher strength is needed. 1.4361-CD has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi). 1.4361-CD has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F). A is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CD is available on request or by drawing note.

Advantages

  • Good corrosion resistance — 78/100, better than 84% of stainless steel grades

Limitations

  • Low electrical conductivity — 1.9 % IACS, worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
  • Limited service temperature — 400°C (752 °F), worse than 78% of stainless steel grades
  • High embodied carbon — 5.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades

1.4361-CD properties

Typical room-temperature values for 1.4361-CD; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4361 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.

Physical3

1.4361-CD has a density of 7.7 g/cm³ (0.278 lb/in³), lighter than 83% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,370°C (2,498 °F).

Density7.7 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³
Melting Point (Solidus)1,370°C2,498 °F
Liquidus Temperature1,420°C2,588 °F

Mechanical14

1.4361-CD has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 195 GPa (28.3 Msi).

Elastic (Young's) Modulus195 GPa28.3 Msi
Shear Modulus75 GPa10.9 Msi
Bulk Modulus160 GPa23.2 Msi
Poisson's Ratio0.3
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)720 MPa104 ksi
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)470 MPa68.2 ksi
Elongation at Break28%
Reduction in Area50%
Shear Strength440 MPa63.8 ksi
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)300 MPa43.5 ksi
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)85 J62.7 ft·lbf
Hardness, Brinell210 HB
Hardness, Rockwell B95 HRB
Hardness, Vickers220 HV

Thermal6

1.4361-CD is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 13.5 W/m·K (7.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 83% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16 µm/m·K (8.89 µin/in·°F).

Thermal Conductivity13.5 W/m·K7.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F
Specific Heat Capacity500 J/kg·K0.12 BTU/lb·°F
Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)16 µm/m·K8.9 µin/in·°F
Latent Heat of Fusion280 J/g120 BTU/lb
Max Service Temperature (continuous)400°C752 °F
Min Service Temperature-196°C-321 °F

Electrical3

1.4361-CD conducts electricity at 1.9 % IACS, worse than 84% of stainless steel grades.

Electrical Conductivity1.9 % IACS
Electrical Resistivity9.1×10⁻⁷ Ω·m35.8 µΩ·in
Magnetic Responsenon-magnetic

Chemical & Environmental3

Corrosion resistance is very good (78/100), better than 84% of stainless steel grades.

Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE)-0.05 V
Corrosion ResistanceVery good78/100
Chemical Resistance SummaryOutstanding in boiling and concentrated nitric acid (incl. >90 % HNO3 and nitric/HF mixtures) and in hot concentrated sulphuric acid; resists sensitisation thanks to C<0.02 %. Not intended for chloride pitting/crevice service (Mo-free) nor for reducing acids such as HCl.

Sustainability4

Producing a kilogram of 1.4361-CD takes about 65 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 79% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.

Embodied Energy (primary production)65 MJ/kg27,945 BTU/lb
Embodied Carbon (primary production)5.5 kg CO₂/kg
Embodied Water260 L/kg31.2 gal/lb
Typical Recycled Content40%

Manufacturability7

1.4361-CD's machinability is poor (32/100, worse than 62% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (62/100); formability fair (50/100).

MachinabilityPoor32/100
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)40%
WeldabilityGood62/100
Formability (cold)Fair50/100
Brazeability / SolderabilityFair45/100
PolishabilityVery good75/100
Anodizing Responsen/a — stainless steel is not anodised; electropolishing or pickling/passivation is used instead

Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.

Working with 1.4361-CD

Is 1.4361 easy to machine?

Machines like a tough austenitic but with added abrasion from ~4 % Si — use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy flood coolant, low speeds and positive feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.

Can 1.4361 be welded?

GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching high-Si S30600-type or over-alloyed filler; keep heat input low, interpass below ~150 °C, no preheat, and back-purge — hot-cracking sensitivity is higher than 304L.

Can 1.4361 be formed, bent or molded?

Cold forms and deep draws reasonably well but work-hardens faster than 304L; hot work 1150–900 °C followed by solution anneal at 1050–1120 °C with rapid quench.

What surface finishes work on 1.4361?

Pickle and passivate (HNO3-based) or electropolish after fabrication to restore the Si-rich passive film; not anodisable, and mechanical grinding should be followed by pickling before acid service.

1.4361 chemical composition (wt %)

Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.

ElementSpec limit (wt %)Nominal
Cultra-low carbon to avoid sensitisation≤ 0.020.01
Sikey alloying element for nitric-acid passivity3.7 – 4.34
Mn≤ 20.7
P≤ 0.030.02
Slow S for hot workability and acid resistance≤ 0.010
Cr17 – 18.517.8
Nistabilises austenite against high Si14 – 15.514.8
Moresidual only≤ 0.20.1
Nrestricted≤ 0.050.02
Febalance—

1.4361-CD — frequently asked

What is 1.4361-CD used for?

1.4361-CD is typically used for nitric acid production vessels, chemical process piping, heat exchangers in acid service and fertilizer plant equipment. In short: nitric-acid specialist stainless; high-silicon austenitic grade; outperforms 304L in oxidizers.

What is the yield strength of 1.4361-CD?

1.4361-CD has a typical yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) — stronger than 74% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.

Is 1.4361-CD easy to machine?

Not especially — machinability is rated poor (32/100, worse than 62% of stainless steel grades). Machines like a tough austenitic but with added abrasion from ~4 % Si — use sharp positive-rake carbide, rigid setups, heavy flood coolant, low speeds and positive feed to avoid work-hardened glazing.

Can 1.4361-CD be welded?

Yes — weldability is rated good (62/100). GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching high-Si S30600-type or over-alloyed filler; keep heat input low, interpass below ~150 °C, no preheat, and back-purge — hot-cracking sensitivity is higher than 304L.

What surface finishes work on 1.4361-CD?

Pickle and passivate (HNO3-based) or electropolish after fabrication to restore the Si-rich passive film; not anodisable, and mechanical grinding should be followed by pickling before acid service.

Can 1.4361-CD be formed, bent or molded?

Cold forms and deep draws reasonably well but work-hardens faster than 304L; hot work 1150–900 °C followed by solution anneal at 1050–1120 °C with rapid quench.

What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4361-CD?

1.4361-CD is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.

What is the difference between 1.4361-A and 1.4361-C850?

A is the default condition — standard supply condition for all product forms; maximum corrosion resistance in nitric acid service. C850: higher-strength strip temper for flat springs and shims; limited bending, stress relief recommended before acid service. Yield strength is 275 MPa in A versus 650 MPa in C850.

Sources

  1. EN 10088-1/-2/-3 Stainless steels — grade X1CrNiSi18-15-4 (1.4361) — CEN (2014)
  2. ASTM A240/A240M — UNS S30600 plate, sheet and strip — ASTM International (2023)
  3. ASTM A276 / A312 — bar and welded/seamless pipe, austenitic grades — ASTM International (2023)
  4. ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
  5. ASM Handbook Vol.13B: Corrosion — Materials — ASM International (2005)
  6. High-silicon austenitic stainless steel for nitric acid service (S30600-type) datasheets — Various stainless producers (2022)

Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.