Stainless Steel 1.4961-ST (Solution annealed)
Heat-treated state
EN 1.4961
Choose when maximum immunity to intergranular attack after long high-temperature exposure or welding is required.
Values for the ST condition
Other 1.4961 tempers and conditions
1.4961 is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 1.4961.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SADefault Solution Annealed | Standard supply condition for plate, bar and tube — maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and creep design values. | 250 | 590 | 42 | 165 HB | — |
Hot rolled | As-hot-worked plate or bar, normally supplied descaled and solution annealed; use for heavy sections and further machining. | 250 | 585 | 40 | 170 HB | 2.4 % IACS |
STThis page Solution annealed | Choose when maximum immunity to intergranular attack after long high-temperature exposure or welding is required. | 270 | 600 | 38 | 175 HB | 2.4 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Use where closer tolerances, better surface finish and higher room-temperature strength are needed than annealed bar. | 450 | 700 | 25 | 19 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Cold Worked, 1/4 Hard strip / sheet | Light temper-rolled strip for springy or higher-strength parts that still need some forming ability. | 515 | 760 | 20 | 22 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
Cold Worked, 1/2 Hard strip / sheet | Higher-strength strip for flat springs, clamps and lightly formed high-load parts. | 620 | 860 | 12 | 28 HRC | 2.4 % IACS |
What is 1.4961-ST?
1.4961-ST is 1.4961 heat treated to ST — choose when maximum immunity to intergranular attack after long high-temperature exposure or welding is required. 1.4961-ST has a yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 38% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 1.4961-ST has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). SA is the default condition FabDigit quotes; ST is available on request or by drawing note.
Limitations
- Low strength — 270 MPa (39.2 ksi), worse than 79% of stainless steel grades
- High embodied carbon — 5.5 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 77% of stainless steel grades
1.4961-ST properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1.4961-ST; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 1.4961 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among stainless steel grades.
Physical3
1.4961-ST has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 68% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical14
1.4961-ST has a yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 79% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 38% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
1.4961-ST is rated for continuous service to 700°C (1,292 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1.4961-ST conducts electricity at 2.4 % IACS, better than 67% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (63/100), better than 53% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1.4961-ST takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 5.5 kg of CO₂ — more than 50% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 60%.
Manufacturability7
1.4961-ST's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (66/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 1.4961-ST
Is 1.4961 easy to machine?
Machines like 347/321 — gummy and strongly work hardening; use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp carbide, heavy constant feed and flood coolant, avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4961 be welded?
Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matched Nb-stabilized filler (ER347/E347); no post-weld annealing needed, but keep heat input and interpass temperature low to limit hot cracking and use low-ferrite fillers for high-temperature service.
Can 1.4961 be formed, bent or molded?
Good cold formability with high springback and rapid work hardening; hot work at 1150–900 °C then solution anneal 1050–1120 °C and water quench.
What surface finishes work on 1.4961?
Pickle and passivate (ASTM A967) or electropolish after hot working/welding to restore the passive film; not anodizable; mechanical polishing to a mirror finish is straightforward.
1.4961 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Craised carbon for creep strength (H-type) | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.07 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.5 | 1 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | — |
| Cr | 15 – 17 | 16 |
| Ni | 12 – 14 | 13 |
| NbNb ≥ 10 × C; Nb+Ta basis in some standards | 0.7 – 1.2 | 0.9 |
| Fe | balance | — |
1.4961-ST — frequently asked
What is 1.4961-ST used for?
1.4961-ST is typically used for high-temperature fasteners, furnace components, exhaust systems, heat-resistant structural parts and boiler fittings. In short: nb-stabilized 347-type grade; 700 °C service capability; no post-weld anneal needed.
What is the yield strength of 1.4961-ST?
1.4961-ST has a typical yield strength of 270 MPa (39.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) — weaker than 79% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 1.4961-ST easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Machines like 347/321 — gummy and strongly work hardening; use rigid setups, positive-rake sharp carbide, heavy constant feed and flood coolant, avoid dwelling.
Can 1.4961-ST be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Readily welded by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matched Nb-stabilized filler (ER347/E347); no post-weld annealing needed, but keep heat input and interpass temperature low to limit hot cracking and use low-ferrite fillers for high-temperature service.
What surface finishes work on 1.4961-ST?
Pickle and passivate (ASTM A967) or electropolish after hot working/welding to restore the passive film; not anodizable; mechanical polishing to a mirror finish is straightforward.
Can 1.4961-ST be formed, bent or molded?
Good cold formability with high springback and rapid work hardening; hot work at 1150–900 °C then solution anneal 1050–1120 °C and water quench.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1.4961-ST?
1.4961-ST is rated for continuous use to about 700°C (1,292 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1.4961-SA and 1.4961-CD?
SA is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, bar and tube — maximum ductility, corrosion resistance and creep design values. CD: use where closer tolerances, better surface finish and higher room-temperature strength are needed than annealed bar. Yield strength is 250 MPa in SA versus 450 MPa in CD.
Sources
- EN 10216-5 Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — stainless steels — CEN (2021)
- DIN 17459 Seamless circular tubes of heat-resisting steels — DIN (1992)
- EN 10088-1 Stainless steels — list of stainless steels — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A213/A213M (TP347H) — ASTM International (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.