Steel 49MnVS3
EN 49MnVS3
49MnVS3 (1.1304) is a ferritic-pearlitic, vanadium micro-alloyed non-quenched-and-tempered steel to EN 10267, with a sulfur addition for machinability.
Values for the As Forged condition
49MnVS3 tempers and conditions
49MnVS3 is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. As Forged is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
soft annealed for maximum machinability | Choose when heavy machining or cold work precedes a later hardening or induction treatment. | 400 | 700 | 20 | 14 HRC | 8.7 % IACS |
Treated for cold shearing / softened bar | Softened mill condition so billets can be cold-sheared before hot forging without cracking. | 450 | 750 | 17 | 17 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
austenitised and air cooled | Use to homogenise a coarse or variable forging structure when uniform mid-range properties matter more than peak strength. | 490 | 820 | 16 | 21 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
as-rolled bar (untreated, mill condition) | Pick for bar stock to be re-heated and forged, or for lightly loaded machined parts from bar. | 530 | 860 | 14 | 24 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
As ForgedDefault air cooled from hot-working temperature (precipitation hardened) | Standard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment. | 580 | 900 | 12 | 26 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
surface hardened journals/bearing surfaces, forged core | Standard finishing route for crankshaft journals and pins: hard wear-resistant case with compressive residual stress over the as-forged core. | 580 | 900 | 10 | 57 HRC | 8.2 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Optional route when higher toughness/strength combination than the as-forged condition is required (loses the cost benefit of the non-heat-treated grade). | 760 | 1,000 | 13 | 30 HRC | — |
cold-drawn bright bar from softened stock | Bright, close-tolerance bar for turned parts; higher yield but low ductility and residual stress. | 790 | 930 | 8 | 29 HRC | 8.5 % IACS |
What is 49MnVS3?
49MnVS3 (1.1304) is a ferritic-pearlitic, vanadium micro-alloyed non-quenched-and-tempered steel to EN 10267, with a sulfur addition for machinability. Air cooling after forging precipitates V(C,N) and gives about 850–1000 MPa tensile strength without a separate quench and temper, removing a process step and the distortion that goes with it. It is used for high-volume hot-forged automotive parts and is stocked as-forged, as-rolled, normalized, annealed, cold drawn, Q&T 28–32 HRC and induction hardened. Toughness and transverse properties are limited by sulfide anisotropy, weldability is poor and low-temperature impact performance is restricted. 49MnVS3 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 49MnVS3 has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 49MnVS3 used for?
- Bolts
- Industrial drive shafts
- Crankshafts
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 89% of steel grades
- High strength — 580 MPa (84.1 ksi), better than 75% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 50 MPa·√m (45.5 ksi·√in), worse than 86% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 12%, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 77% of steel grades
49MnVS3 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 49MnVS3-As Forged; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
49MnVS3 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
49MnVS3 has a yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
49MnVS3 is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
49MnVS3 conducts electricity at 8.6 % IACS, better than 66% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 49MnVS3 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
49MnVS3's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 49MnVS3 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 49MnVS3
Is 49MnVS3 easy to machine?
Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 be welded?
Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
Can 49MnVS3 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to 49MnVS3. Every 49MnVS3 part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Excellent62 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | P.2 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 180 / 210 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Fair25 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Poor25 / 100 |
49MnVS3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.44 – 0.52 | 0.49 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1 | 0.85 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Sintentional, for machinability | 0.05 – 0.08 | 0.06 |
| VV(C,N) precipitation strengthening | 0.08 – 0.15 | 0.11 |
| Ncontrolled for V(C,N) | 0.01 – 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Crresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Niresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Moresidual, max | ≤ 0.08 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
CVD Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 49MnVS3 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.1304
How much does 49MnVS3 cost?
49MnVS3 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
49MnVS3 — frequently asked
What is 49MnVS3 used for?
49MnVS3 is typically used for bolts, industrial drive shafts and crankshafts. In short: microalloyed forging bar.
What is the yield strength of 49MnVS3?
49MnVS3 has a typical yield strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 900 MPa (131 ksi) — stronger than 75% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 49MnVS3 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
Can 49MnVS3 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
What is the maximum service temperature of 49MnVS3?
49MnVS3 is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 49MnVS3 As Forged and 49MnVS3-AR?
As Forged is the default condition — standard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment. AR: pick for bar stock to be re-heated and forged, or for lightly loaded machined parts from bar. Yield strength is 580 MPa in As Forged versus 530 MPa in AR.
How much does 49MnVS3 cost?
49MnVS3 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in 49MnVS3?
Yes — 49MnVS3 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10267 — Ferritic-pearlitic steels for precipitation hardening from hot-working temperatures — CEN (1998)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Microalloyed (non-heat-treated) forging steel bar datasheets — Saarstahl / Georgsmarienhütte / Ovako (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.