Steel 40CrMoV13-9
EN 40CrMoV13-9
40CrMoV13-9 (1.8523) is a higher-carbon chromium-molybdenum-vanadium nitriding steel to EN 10085 that offers higher core strength than 31CrMoV9 while keeping a strong nitriding response for hard wear surfaces.
Reference datasheet — 40CrMoV13-9 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +QT condition
40CrMoV13-9 tempers and conditions
40CrMoV13-9 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. +QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Delivery condition for bar/forging stock that will be rough machined and then quenched and tempered by the user. | 480 | 780 | 18 | 230 HB | — |
Normalized | Grain-refining intermediate condition after forging; this air-hardening steel comes out fairly hard, so annealing usually follows before machining. | 700 | 1,050 | 12 | 33 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
+QT | Same heat treatment on large forgings/bars where reduced cooling rate lowers core strength slightly. | 820 | 1,050 | 13 | 32 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
+QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard stocked condition: oil/air quenched from ~900–940 °C and tempered ~580–650 °C, ready for finish machining and subsequent nitriding. | 870 | 1,100 | 12 | 33 HRC | — |
+QT + gas/plasma nitrided | Final service condition for wear surfaces: Q&T core plus 0.2–0.6 mm nitrided case for gears, screws and spindles. | 870 | 1,100 | 11 | 33 HRC | — |
Quenched and tempered, peeled/turned and ground bar | Q&T bar supplied peeled or centreless ground for tight tolerance and decarburization-free surface before finish machining and nitriding. | 870 | 1,100 | 12 | 33 HRC | 5.7 % IACS |
What is 40CrMoV13-9?
40CrMoV13-9 (1.8523) is a higher-carbon chromium-molybdenum-vanadium nitriding steel to EN 10085 that offers higher core strength than 31CrMoV9 while keeping a strong nitriding response for hard wear surfaces. Typical quenched-and-tempered properties are 870 MPa yield, 1100 MPa tensile, 12 % elongation and about 330 HB (33 HRC), with service to 500 °C; it is stocked as bar and forgings in +A, +N, +QT and nitrided conditions. The trade-offs are poor machinability (score 38), no corrosion resistance and effectively no weldability in the service condition. Use 24CrMo13-6 where lower core strength and easier processing are acceptable. 40CrMoV13-9 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 40CrMoV13-9 has a yield strength of 870 MPa (126 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 89% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 40CrMoV13-9 used for?
- High-strength nitrided gears
- Aerospace shafts
- Heavy-duty crankshafts
- Precision spindles
Advantages
- High service temperature — 500°C (932 °F), better than 90% of steel grades
- High strength — 870 MPa (126 ksi), better than 89% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 12%, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 20/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 33 W/m·K (19.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 20/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
40CrMoV13-9 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 40CrMoV13-9-+QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
40CrMoV13-9 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
40CrMoV13-9 has a yield strength of 870 MPa (126 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 89% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 12% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
40CrMoV13-9 is rated for continuous service to 500°C (932 °F). It conducts heat at 33 W/m·K (19.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 80% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.8 µm/m·K (6.56 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
40CrMoV13-9 has an electrical resistivity of 3×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is poor (15/100), better than 75% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 40CrMoV13-9 takes about 32 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
40CrMoV13-9's machinability is fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades); weldability poor (20/100); formability poor (20/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 40CrMoV13-9 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 40CrMoV13-9
Is 40CrMoV13-9 easy to machine?
Rough machine in the annealed condition and finish machine after Q&T at 300–360 HB with rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate speeds; leave 0.05–0.1 mm grinding stock because nitriding grows and slightly distorts the part.
Can 40CrMoV13-9 be welded?
Essentially not weldable in service condition — air-hardening with high carbon equivalent; if repair is unavoidable use matching or low-hydrogen filler with 300–400 °C preheat and immediate post-weld temper below the tempering temperature.
Can 40CrMoV13-9 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100→850 °C with slow (furnace) cooling, then normalize and soft anneal; cold forming is impractical at this strength level.
40CrMoV13-9 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.36 – 0.44 | 0.4 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Smax; lower S for high-integrity forgings | ≤ 0.04 | |
| Cr | 3 – 3.5 | 3.25 |
| Mo | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| V | 0.15 – 0.25 | 0.2 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 40CrMoV13-9?
Gas or plasma nitride at 500–530 °C after a stress-relief at ~30 °C below the tempering temperature; nitrided surfaces can be lightly lapped or superfinished, and un-nitrided areas need oiling, phosphating or plating for rust protection.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 40CrMoV13-9 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.8523
How much does 40CrMoV13-9 cost?
40CrMoV13-9 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
40CrMoV13-9 — frequently asked
What is 40CrMoV13-9 used for?
40CrMoV13-9 is typically used for high-strength nitrided gears, aerospace shafts, heavy-duty crankshafts and precision spindles. In short: strongest core nitriding steel; vanadium-refined grain; grind after nitriding only.
What is the yield strength of 40CrMoV13-9?
40CrMoV13-9 has a typical yield strength of 870 MPa (126 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,100 MPa (160 ksi) — stronger than 89% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 40CrMoV13-9 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades). Rough machine in the annealed condition and finish machine after Q&T at 300–360 HB with rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate speeds; leave 0.05–0.1 mm grinding stock because nitriding grows and slightly distorts the part.
Can 40CrMoV13-9 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (20/100). Essentially not weldable in service condition — air-hardening with high carbon equivalent; if repair is unavoidable use matching or low-hydrogen filler with 300–400 °C preheat and immediate post-weld temper below the tempering temperature.
What surface finishes work on 40CrMoV13-9?
Gas or plasma nitride at 500–530 °C after a stress-relief at ~30 °C below the tempering temperature; nitrided surfaces can be lightly lapped or superfinished, and un-nitrided areas need oiling, phosphating or plating for rust protection.
Can 40CrMoV13-9 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100→850 °C with slow (furnace) cooling, then normalize and soft anneal; cold forming is impractical at this strength level.
What is the maximum service temperature of 40CrMoV13-9?
40CrMoV13-9 is rated for continuous use to about 500°C (932 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 40CrMoV13-9 cost?
40CrMoV13-9 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 71% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10085 — Nitriding steels: technical delivery conditions — CEN (2001)
- EN 10250-3 — Open die steel forgings, alloy special steels — CEN (1999)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 4A/4D — Steel Heat Treating and Nitriding — ASM International (2013)
- Nitriding steel 1.8523 / 40CrMoV13-9 data sheet — European special-steel producers (e.g. Böhler/voestalpine, Deutsche Edelstahlwerke) (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.