Steel 34Cr4
EN 34Cr4
34Cr4 (1.7033, SAE 5132) is a chromium through-hardening steel in the EN 10083-3 family, normally supplied quenched and tempered for medium-strength machine parts.
Reference datasheet — 34Cr4 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +QT condition
34Cr4 tempers and conditions
34Cr4 is supplied in 9 conditions, soft to hard. +QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 9 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroidize annealed | Choose for cold heading, cold extrusion or deep drilling — spheroidal carbides give the lowest work-hardening and best cold formability. | 330 | 565 | 25 | 172 HB | — |
Annealed | Softest delivery condition for heavy machining before hardening; hardness capped at 207 HB by EN 10083-3. | 360 | 600 | 22 | 185 HB | — |
Specified hardenability (Jominy band), delivered soft-annealed | Order this when the customer needs a guaranteed Jominy hardenability band (34Cr4+H) for parts that will be hardened after machining. | 360 | 600 | 22 | 51 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Normalized | Uniform fine-grained structure after hot working; used as a machining/pre-heat-treatment condition or for lightly loaded parts. | 430 | 720 | 18 | 18 HRC | — |
+QT | Heavy bars where limited hardenability (no Mo) drops core strength — use 42CrMo4 if higher core properties are needed. | 500 | 720 | 17 | 19 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Bright drawn bar with close tolerance and smooth surface for automatic-lathe parts that will be hardened afterwards. | 620 | 760 | 9 | 20 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
+QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard stocked engineering condition: 800–950 MPa tensile with 40 J Charpy — default for shafts, bolts and machine parts. | 640 | 880 | 16 | 27 HRC | — |
+QT | Highest strength grade class of 34Cr4 — small bars and fasteners fully hardened through the section. | 760 | 1,000 | 13 | 31 HRC | — |
Hardened | Intermediate as-quenched condition (austenitize ~850 °C, oil quench) — must be tempered promptly; not a service condition. | 1,350 | 1,750 | 3 | 51 HRC | — |
What is 34Cr4?
34Cr4 (1.7033, SAE 5132) is a chromium through-hardening steel in the EN 10083-3 family, normally supplied quenched and tempered for medium-strength machine parts. In the default +QT condition it reaches about 640 MPa yield, 880 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and 265 HB (27 HRC), with service to about 300 °C; bar and forging stock are available in +A, +AC, +N, +Q and several +QT tempers. Weldability is restricted (CE ≈ 0.6–0.7) and there is no corrosion resistance, so coating is required. 37Cr4 and 41Cr4 give higher strength after heat treatment, and the sulfurized 34CrS4 machines better. 34Cr4 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). 34Cr4 has a yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 34Cr4 used for?
- bolts
- shafts
- connecting rods
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- High strength — 640 MPa (92.8 ksi), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
34Cr4 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 34Cr4-+QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
34Cr4 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
34Cr4 has a yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
34Cr4 is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
34Cr4 conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 34Cr4 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
34Cr4's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability fair (38/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 34Cr4 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 34Cr4
Is 34Cr4 easy to machine?
Machine in the +A/+AC condition (65 % of 1212) with carbide or HSS; in +QT at ~280 HB use coated carbide, rigid setups and lower feeds — sulphurized 34CrS4 cuts noticeably better.
Can 34Cr4 be welded?
Weldable only with care (CE ≈ 0.6–0.7): preheat 200–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and stress-relief/re-temper at 550–650 °C to avoid HAZ cracking.
Can 34Cr4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold head or upset only in +AC spheroidized condition; hot forge 1100–850 °C, then normalize before hardening (austenitize 830–870 °C, oil quench, temper 540–680 °C).
34Cr4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.3 – 0.37 | 0.34 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S34CrS4 variant: S 0.020–0.040 for improved machinability | ≤ 0.04 | |
| Moresidual only, not alloyed | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 34Cr4?
No corrosion resistance — protect with phosphating and oil, black oxide, zinc or Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement above ~1000 MPa); surfaces can be induction hardened or nitrided.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 34Cr4 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.7033
- Similar grades
- 5132
How much does 34Cr4 cost?
34Cr4 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
34Cr4 — frequently asked
What is 34Cr4 used for?
34Cr4 is typically used for bolts, shafts and connecting rods. In short: entry-level Cr through-hardening steel; medium-strength Q&T grade; limited weldability.
What is the yield strength of 34Cr4?
34Cr4 has a typical yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 9 listed tempers.
Is 34Cr4 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Machine in the +A/+AC condition (65 % of 1212) with carbide or HSS; in +QT at ~280 HB use coated carbide, rigid setups and lower feeds — sulphurized 34CrS4 cuts noticeably better.
Can 34Cr4 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (38/100). Weldable only with care (CE ≈ 0.6–0.7): preheat 200–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and stress-relief/re-temper at 550–650 °C to avoid HAZ cracking.
What surface finishes work on 34Cr4?
No corrosion resistance — protect with phosphating and oil, black oxide, zinc or Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement above ~1000 MPa); surfaces can be induction hardened or nitrided.
Can 34Cr4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold head or upset only in +AC spheroidized condition; hot forge 1100–850 °C, then normalize before hardening (austenitize 830–870 °C, oil quench, temper 540–680 °C).
What is the maximum service temperature of 34Cr4?
34Cr4 is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 34Cr4 cost?
34Cr4 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10083-3 Steels for quenching and tempering — Alloy steels — CEN (2006)
- ISO 683-2 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — ISO (2016)
- SAE J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels (5132) — SAE International (2009)
- GB/T 3077 (34Cr / 35Cr) — SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- Engineering steel 1.7033 / 34Cr4 bar datasheet — European long-products mill (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.