Steel SCM435
JIS SCM435
SCM435 is a JIS G4053 chromium–molybdenum low-alloy structural steel (≈0.35 C, 1 Cr, 0.2 Mo) closely equivalent to AISI/SAE 4135 and GB/T 3077 35CrMo.
Values for the HR condition
SCM435 tempers and conditions
SCM435 is supplied in 10 conditions, soft to hard. HR is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 10 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroidize Annealed | Standard condition for SCM435 cold-heading wire used to make class 10.9/12.9 bolts. | 340 | 560 | 28 | 160 HB | 8.2 % IACS |
full/soft anneal | Softest machining condition and the usual delivery state for parts to be finish-hardened later. | 380 | 600 | 25 | 175 HB | — |
HRDefault Hot rolled | Default stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user. | 450 | 700 | 20 | 207 HB | — |
860–880 °C air cooled | Use to refine grain and homogenize forgings/weldments before final Q&T or for moderately loaded parts. | 510 | 760 | 20 | 217 HB | — |
Cold rolled | Choose for thin strip stampings and blanks that need tight thickness tolerance and a smooth surface before hardening. | 600 | 760 | 12 | 20 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Pick for straight, size-accurate bright bar used directly for shafts and studs with light machining. | 660 | 800 | 12 | 240 HB | — |
Tempered to medium hardness | Balanced strength/toughness bracket for general machined shafts, couplings and pressure components. | 820 | 960 | 18 | 30 HRC | — |
Quenched and tempered | Standard JIS G4053 delivery condition for shafts, gears and high-tensile bolts needing ≥930 MPa with good toughness. | 850 | 1,000 | 17 | 31 HRC | — |
Tempered to high hardness | Higher-strength bracket for heavily loaded gears, spindles and class 10.9 fasteners where some toughness can be traded away. | 1,030 | 1,150 | 14 | 36 HRC | — |
Low-temper high strength | Maximum practical strength level for SCM435 fasteners and tooling; watch hydrogen embrittlement during plating. | 1,150 | 1,300 | 12 | 42 HRC | — |
What is SCM435?
SCM435 is a JIS G4053 chromium–molybdenum low-alloy structural steel (≈0.35 C, 1 Cr, 0.2 Mo) closely equivalent to AISI/SAE 4135 and GB/T 3077 35CrMo. It is chosen for quenched-and-tempered shafts, gears, high-tensile fasteners (property class 10.9/12.9) and pressure parts because it develops 930–1130 MPa tensile strength with good toughness and deep hardenability in medium sections. Its limits are poor corrosion resistance (needs plating or oil), the need for preheat/PWHT when welding, and temper-embrittlement sensitivity if tempered in the 450–550 °C range. SCM435 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F). SCM435 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
What is SCM435 used for?
- Drive shafts
- Industrial bolts
- Crankshafts
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
SCM435 properties
Typical room-temperature values for SCM435-HR; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
SCM435 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F).
Mechanical16
SCM435 has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
SCM435 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SCM435 conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (13/100), better than 66% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SCM435 takes about 29 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 53% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
SCM435's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. SCM435 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with SCM435
Is SCM435 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or normalized state (≈180–230 HB); above 32 HRC use coated carbide, rigid setups and reduced speeds, and finish-grind after hardening.
Can SCM435 be welded?
Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 200–300 °C preheat, controlled interpass and 600–680 °C PWHT to avoid HAZ cracking.
Can SCM435 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1200 °C with slow cooling; cold heading only from spheroidize-annealed CHQ wire, followed by quench and temper.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to SCM435. Every SCM435 part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Better55 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | P.2 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 180 / 210 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Fair45 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Better45 / 100 |
SCM435 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.33 – 0.38 | 0.35 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.85 | 0.72 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Mo | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.22 |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.25 | |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on SCM435?
No corrosion resistance of its own — zinc, zinc-nickel, Dacromet, phosphate-and-oil, nitriding or hard chrome are standard; bake after electroplating above 1000 MPa to relieve hydrogen embrittlement.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
CVD Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
How much does SCM435 cost?
SCM435 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 61% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
SCM435 — frequently asked
What is SCM435 used for?
SCM435 is typically used for drive shafts, industrial bolts and crankshafts. In short: workhorse Cr-Mo bar.
What is the yield strength of SCM435?
SCM435 has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 52% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is SCM435 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or normalized state (≈180–230 HB); above 32 HRC use coated carbide, rigid setups and reduced speeds, and finish-grind after hardening.
Can SCM435 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 200–300 °C preheat, controlled interpass and 600–680 °C PWHT to avoid HAZ cracking.
What surface finishes work on SCM435?
No corrosion resistance of its own — zinc, zinc-nickel, Dacromet, phosphate-and-oil, nitriding or hard chrome are standard; bake after electroplating above 1000 MPa to relieve hydrogen embrittlement.
Can SCM435 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1200 °C with slow cooling; cold heading only from spheroidize-annealed CHQ wire, followed by quench and temper.
What is the maximum service temperature of SCM435?
SCM435 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SCM435-HR and SCM435-CD?
HR is the default condition — default stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user. CD: pick for straight, size-accurate bright bar used directly for shafts and studs with light machining. Yield strength is 450 MPa in HR versus 660 MPa in CD.
How much does SCM435 cost?
SCM435 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 61% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in SCM435?
Yes — SCM435 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- JIS G 4053 — Low-alloyed steels for machine structural use — JSA (2016)
- GB/T 3077 — Alloy structural steels (35CrMo) — SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- SAE J404 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels (4135) — SAE International (2009)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.