Steel 49MnVS3 Normalized
Heat-treated state
EN 49MnVS3
Use to homogenise a coarse or variable forging structure when uniform mid-range properties matter more than peak strength.
Values for the Normalized condition
Other 49MnVS3 tempers and conditions
49MnVS3 is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at 49MnVS3.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
soft annealed for maximum machinability | Choose when heavy machining or cold work precedes a later hardening or induction treatment. | 400 | 700 | 20 | 14 HRC | 8.7 % IACS |
Treated for cold shearing / softened bar | Softened mill condition so billets can be cold-sheared before hot forging without cracking. | 450 | 750 | 17 | 17 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
NormalizedThis page austenitised and air cooled | Use to homogenise a coarse or variable forging structure when uniform mid-range properties matter more than peak strength. | 490 | 820 | 16 | 21 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
as-rolled bar (untreated, mill condition) | Pick for bar stock to be re-heated and forged, or for lightly loaded machined parts from bar. | 530 | 860 | 14 | 24 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
As ForgedDefault air cooled from hot-working temperature (precipitation hardened) | Standard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment. | 580 | 900 | 12 | 26 HRC | 8.6 % IACS |
surface hardened journals/bearing surfaces, forged core | Standard finishing route for crankshaft journals and pins: hard wear-resistant case with compressive residual stress over the as-forged core. | 580 | 900 | 10 | 57 HRC | 8.2 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Optional route when higher toughness/strength combination than the as-forged condition is required (loses the cost benefit of the non-heat-treated grade). | 760 | 1,000 | 13 | 30 HRC | — |
cold-drawn bright bar from softened stock | Bright, close-tolerance bar for turned parts; higher yield but low ductility and residual stress. | 790 | 930 | 8 | 29 HRC | 8.5 % IACS |
What is 49MnVS3 Normalized?
49MnVS3 Normalized is 49MnVS3 heat treated to Normalized — use to homogenise a coarse or variable forging structure when uniform mid-range properties matter more than peak strength. 49MnVS3 Normalized has a yield strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 820 MPa (119 ksi) — stronger than 61% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). 49MnVS3 Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). As Forged is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Normalized is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 55 MPa·√m (50.1 ksi·√in), worse than 82% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 77% of steel grades
49MnVS3 Normalized properties
Typical room-temperature values for 49MnVS3 Normalized; 23 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 49MnVS3 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
49MnVS3 Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
49MnVS3 Normalized has a yield strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 820 MPa (119 ksi) — stronger than 61% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
49MnVS3 Normalized is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
49MnVS3 Normalized conducts electricity at 8.6 % IACS, better than 66% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 49MnVS3 Normalized takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
49MnVS3 Normalized's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (28/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 49MnVS3 Normalized
Is 49MnVS3 easy to machine?
Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 be welded?
Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
Can 49MnVS3 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
49MnVS3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.44 – 0.52 | 0.49 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1 | 0.85 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Sintentional, for machinability | 0.05 – 0.08 | 0.06 |
| VV(C,N) precipitation strengthening | 0.08 – 0.15 | 0.11 |
| Ncontrolled for V(C,N) | 0.01 – 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Crresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Niresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Moresidual, max | ≤ 0.08 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
49MnVS3 Normalized — frequently asked
What is 49MnVS3 Normalized used for?
49MnVS3 Normalized is typically used for bolts, industrial drive shafts and crankshafts. In short: microalloyed forging bar.
What is the yield strength of 49MnVS3 Normalized?
49MnVS3 Normalized has a typical yield strength of 490 MPa (71.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 820 MPa (119 ksi) — stronger than 61% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 49MnVS3 Normalized easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 Normalized be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3 Normalized?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
Can 49MnVS3 Normalized be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
What is the maximum service temperature of 49MnVS3 Normalized?
49MnVS3 Normalized is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 49MnVS3 As Forged and 49MnVS3-AR?
As Forged is the default condition — standard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment. AR: pick for bar stock to be re-heated and forged, or for lightly loaded machined parts from bar. Yield strength is 580 MPa in As Forged versus 530 MPa in AR.
Can FabDigit make parts in 49MnVS3 Normalized?
Yes — 49MnVS3 Normalized is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10267 — Ferritic-pearlitic steels for precipitation hardening from hot-working temperatures — CEN (1998)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Microalloyed (non-heat-treated) forging steel bar datasheets — Saarstahl / Georgsmarienhütte / Ovako (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.