Steel 49MnVS3 · hardness band
Steel 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC
Properties of the Q&T 28-32 HRC condition, compared with the other 49MnVS3 tempers.
Optional route when higher toughness/strength combination than the as-forged condition is required (loses the cost benefit of the non-heat-treated grade).
What is 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC?
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC is 49MnVS3 heat treated to Q&T 28-32 HRC — optional route when higher toughness/strength combination than the as-forged condition is required (loses the cost benefit of the non-heat-treated grade). 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC has a yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 85% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). As Forged is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Q&T 28-32 HRC is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- High strength — 760 MPa (110 ksi), better than 85% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low fracture toughness — 50 MPa·√m (45.5 ksi·√in), worse than 87% of steel grades
- Limited ductility — 13%, worse than 78% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 25/100, worse than 77% of steel grades
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC properties
Typical room-temperature values for 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC — 10 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 49MnVS3 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC has a yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 85% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 13% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 44 W/m·K (25.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 57% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.5 µm/m·K (6.94 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC conducts electricity at 8.6 % IACS, better than 66% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (11/100), worse than 73% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability poor (25/100); formability poor (25/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 49MnVS3 tempers and conditions
49MnVS3 is also supplied in 7 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 49MnVS3 overview.
- As ForgedDefaultStandard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment.580 MPa yield · 265 HB
- Q&T 28-32 HRCOptional route when higher toughness/strength combination than the as-forged condition is required (loses the cost benefit of the non-heat-treated grade).760 MPa yield · 30 HRC
Working with 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC
Is 49MnVS3 easy to machine?
Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 be welded?
Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
Can 49MnVS3 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
49MnVS3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.44 – 0.52 | 0.49 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.7 – 1 | 0.85 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Sintentional, for machinability | 0.05 – 0.08 | 0.06 |
| VV(C,N) precipitation strengthening | 0.08 – 0.15 | 0.11 |
| Ncontrolled for V(C,N) | 0.01 – 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Crresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Niresidual, max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Moresidual, max | ≤ 0.08 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC — frequently asked
What is 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC used for?
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC is typically used for bolts, industrial drive shafts and crankshafts. In short: microalloyed forging bar.
What is the yield strength of 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC?
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC has a typical yield strength of 760 MPa (110 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 85% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Sulphide inclusions give good chip breaking for a 900 MPa steel; carbide turning at 150–220 m/min in the as-forged state, expect short tool life on induction-hardened surfaces (grind or CBN).
Can 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (25/100). Not intended for welding — high carbon plus 0.06 % S makes it crack- and hot-crack-sensitive; if unavoidable, preheat 250–300 °C, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld stress relief.
What surface finishes work on 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC?
No inherent corrosion resistance: phosphate + oil, black oxide, paint or Zn/Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid hydrogen embrittlement); journals are ground and superfinished after induction hardening.
Can 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge 1100–1250 °C with controlled cooling (air/fan) to develop V(C,N) strengthening; avoid cold forming other than light straightening/coining.
What is the maximum service temperature of 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC?
49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 49MnVS3 As Forged and 49MnVS3-AR?
As Forged is the default condition — standard commercial condition: forge and control-cool in air, V(C,N) precipitation gives Q&T-level strength with no further heat treatment. AR: pick for bar stock to be re-heated and forged, or for lightly loaded machined parts from bar. Yield strength is 580 MPa in As Forged versus 530 MPa in AR.
Can FabDigit make parts in 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC?
Yes — 49MnVS3 Q&T 28-32 HRC is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10267 — Ferritic-pearlitic steels for precipitation hardening from hot-working temperatures — CEN (1998)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Microalloyed (non-heat-treated) forging steel bar datasheets — Saarstahl / Georgsmarienhütte / Ovako (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.