Copper Alloy C94800
UNS C94800
C94800 is the leaded version of the nickel–tin bronzes in the cast bronze family (C90000–C95999), trading a small amount of strength for much easier machining while keeping good corrosion resistance.
Reference datasheet — C94800 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the M01 condition
C94800 tempers and conditions
C94800 is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. M01 is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M01Default As sand cast | Standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears. | 155 | 310 | 35 | 80 HB | 11 % IACS |
As plaster cast | Use for repeat small parts where finer chill structure gives modestly higher strength and better surface. | 165 | 325 | 30 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As centrifugally cast | Pick for sleeves, bushings and rings needing dense, low-porosity walls and slightly higher strength than sand cast. | 170 | 330 | 30 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As continuous cast | Best choice for stock bar/tube to be machined into bushings; sound, uniform structure with good machining response. | 175 | 330 | 28 | 90 HB | 11 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and precipitation hardened | Choose when maximum strength, hardness and wear life are needed from a Ni-Sn bronze; ductility drops sharply. | 275 | 415 | 10 | 140 HB | 13 % IACS |
What is C94800?
C94800 is the leaded version of the nickel–tin bronzes in the cast bronze family (C90000–C95999), trading a small amount of strength for much easier machining while keeping good corrosion resistance. It is used for machined valve and pump parts and for gears where cycle time matters, and is poured by sand, permanent-mould, centrifugal and continuous casting, with a TF00 heat-treated condition on file. Default-condition values are 155 MPa yield, 310 MPa tensile, 35% elongation, 80 HB, 11% IACS and service to 230 °C. The lead content limits fusion welding; use unleaded C94700 where welding, higher strength or a lead-free composition is required. C94800 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 58% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F). C94800 has a yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi).
What is C94800 used for?
- Valve components
- Gears
- Pump parts
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 35%, better than 80% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 92% of copper alloy grades
- Limited formability — 10/100, worse than 89% of copper alloy grades
C94800 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C94800-M01; bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C94800 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 58% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F).
Mechanical15
C94800 has a yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi).
Thermal6
C94800 is rated for continuous service to 230°C (446 °F). It conducts heat at 46 W/m·K (26.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 73% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 17.5 µm/m·K (9.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C94800 conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, worse than 68% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (65/100), better than 58% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C94800 takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
C94800's machinability is very good (80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the copper alloy family
Yield strength against density for every copper alloy grade FabDigit runs. C94800 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C94800
Is C94800 easy to machine?
Free-machining for a bronze (≈80% of AISI 1212) — sharp positive-rake carbide or HSS tools, light feeds and soluble-oil coolant give short chips and fine finishes.
Can C94800 be welded?
Fusion welding is poor because of the lead content (hot cracking, porosity); prefer brazing or soldering, or mechanical joining.
Can C94800 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast-only alloy: pours well in sand, permanent-mould, centrifugal and continuous casting; use good risering to fight the wide freezing range and shrinkage porosity.
C94800 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Sn | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| NiNi including Co | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| Zn | 1 – 2 | 1.5 |
| Pb | 0.3 – 1 | 0.6 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.25 | |
| Sb | ≤ 0.15 | |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | |
| P0.10 max permitted for heat-treated castings | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Al | ≤ 0.01 | |
| Si | ≤ 0.01 | |
| CuCu + named elements ≥ 99.3% | ≥ 84 (balance) |
What surface finishes work on C94800?
Machines and polishes to a bright bronze surface; can be tin- or nickel-plated for barrier protection or chemically patinated/lacquered for appearance.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on copper alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
How much does C94800 cost?
C94800 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C94800 — frequently asked
What is C94800 used for?
C94800 is typically used for valve components, gears and pump parts. In short: machinable nickel-tin bronze; strength close to C94700; leaded, so weld-limited.
What is the yield strength of C94800?
C94800 has a typical yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is C94800 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades). Free-machining for a bronze (≈80% of AISI 1212) — sharp positive-rake carbide or HSS tools, light feeds and soluble-oil coolant give short chips and fine finishes.
Can C94800 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Fusion welding is poor because of the lead content (hot cracking, porosity); prefer brazing or soldering, or mechanical joining.
What surface finishes work on C94800?
Machines and polishes to a bright bronze surface; can be tin- or nickel-plated for barrier protection or chemically patinated/lacquered for appearance.
Can C94800 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast-only alloy: pours well in sand, permanent-mould, centrifugal and continuous casting; use good risering to fight the wide freezing range and shrinkage porosity.
What is the maximum service temperature of C94800?
C94800 is rated for continuous use to about 230°C (446 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C94800-M01 and C94800-TF00?
M01 is the default condition — standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears. TF00: choose when maximum strength, hardness and wear life are needed from a Ni-Sn bronze; ductility drops sharply. Yield strength is 155 MPa in M01 versus 275 MPa in TF00.
How much does C94800 cost?
C94800 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B505/B505M — Continuous Cast Copper Alloy Bar — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM B584 — Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications — ASTM International (2022)
- CDA Alloy Datasheet C94800 (Leaded Nickel-Tin Bronze) — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.