Copper Alloy C94800-M01
Finish state · default condition
UNS C94800
M01 = as sand cast
Standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears.
Values for the M01 condition
Other C94800 tempers and conditions
C94800 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at C94800.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M01DefaultThis page As sand cast | Standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears. | 155 | 310 | 35 | 80 HB | 11 % IACS |
As plaster cast | Use for repeat small parts where finer chill structure gives modestly higher strength and better surface. | 165 | 325 | 30 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As centrifugally cast | Pick for sleeves, bushings and rings needing dense, low-porosity walls and slightly higher strength than sand cast. | 170 | 330 | 30 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As continuous cast | Best choice for stock bar/tube to be machined into bushings; sound, uniform structure with good machining response. | 175 | 330 | 28 | 90 HB | 11 % IACS |
Solution heat treated and precipitation hardened | Choose when maximum strength, hardness and wear life are needed from a Ni-Sn bronze; ductility drops sharply. | 275 | 415 | 10 | 140 HB | 13 % IACS |
What is C94800-M01?
C94800-M01 is C94800 supplied in the M01 condition — standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears. C94800-M01 has a yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi). C94800-M01 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 58% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F).
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 35%, better than 80% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 60/100, worse than 92% of copper alloy grades
- Limited formability — 10/100, worse than 89% of copper alloy grades
C94800-M01 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C94800-M01; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C94800 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C94800-M01 has a density of 8.8 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³), heavier than 58% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 900°C (1,652 °F).
Mechanical15
C94800-M01 has a yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 110 GPa (16 Msi).
Thermal6
C94800-M01 is rated for continuous service to 230°C (446 °F). It conducts heat at 46 W/m·K (26.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 73% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 17.5 µm/m·K (9.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C94800-M01 conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, worse than 68% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (65/100), better than 58% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C94800-M01 takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 55%.
Manufacturability8
C94800-M01's machinability is very good (80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability not recommended (10/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C94800-M01
Is C94800 easy to machine?
Free-machining for a bronze (≈80% of AISI 1212) — sharp positive-rake carbide or HSS tools, light feeds and soluble-oil coolant give short chips and fine finishes.
Can C94800 be welded?
Fusion welding is poor because of the lead content (hot cracking, porosity); prefer brazing or soldering, or mechanical joining.
Can C94800 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast-only alloy: pours well in sand, permanent-mould, centrifugal and continuous casting; use good risering to fight the wide freezing range and shrinkage porosity.
What surface finishes work on C94800?
Machines and polishes to a bright bronze surface; can be tin- or nickel-plated for barrier protection or chemically patinated/lacquered for appearance.
C94800 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Sn | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| NiNi including Co | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| Zn | 1 – 2 | 1.5 |
| Pb | 0.3 – 1 | 0.6 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Sb | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| P0.10 max permitted for heat-treated castings | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Si | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| CuCu + named elements ≥ 99.3% | ≥ 84 (balance) | — |
C94800-M01 — frequently asked
What is C94800-M01 used for?
C94800-M01 is typically used for valve components, gears and pump parts. In short: machinable nickel-tin bronze; strength close to C94700; leaded, so weld-limited.
What is the yield strength of C94800-M01?
C94800-M01 has a typical yield strength of 155 MPa (22.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 65% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is C94800-M01 easy to machine?
Yes — machinability is rated very good (80/100, better than 86% of copper alloy grades). Free-machining for a bronze (≈80% of AISI 1212) — sharp positive-rake carbide or HSS tools, light feeds and soluble-oil coolant give short chips and fine finishes.
Can C94800-M01 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Fusion welding is poor because of the lead content (hot cracking, porosity); prefer brazing or soldering, or mechanical joining.
What surface finishes work on C94800-M01?
Machines and polishes to a bright bronze surface; can be tin- or nickel-plated for barrier protection or chemically patinated/lacquered for appearance.
Can C94800-M01 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast-only alloy: pours well in sand, permanent-mould, centrifugal and continuous casting; use good risering to fight the wide freezing range and shrinkage porosity.
What is the maximum service temperature of C94800-M01?
C94800-M01 is rated for continuous use to about 230°C (446 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C94800-M01 and C94800-TF00?
M01 is the default condition — standard as-cast sand-mould condition for general bearings, valve bodies and worm gears. TF00: choose when maximum strength, hardness and wear life are needed from a Ni-Sn bronze; ductility drops sharply. Yield strength is 155 MPa in M01 versus 275 MPa in TF00.
Sources
- ASTM B505/B505M — Continuous Cast Copper Alloy Bar — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM B584 — Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications — ASTM International (2022)
- CDA Alloy Datasheet C94800 (Leaded Nickel-Tin Bronze) — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.