Copper Alloy C94700
UNS C94700
C94700 is an unleaded nickel–tin bronze in the cast bronze family (C90000–C95999), where nickel additions raise strength and corrosion resistance above standard leaded tin bronzes and allow precipitation hardening in the HT condition.
Reference datasheet — C94700 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the F condition
C94700 tempers and conditions
C94700 is supplied in 2 conditions, soft to hard. F is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FDefault As fabricated | Choose the as-cast sand or centrifugally cast state with no heat treatment for general bushings, valve bodies and parts needing run-in toughness: 165 MPa yield with 35% elongation, moderate strength. | 165 | 330 | 35 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
solution treated ~775 °C, water quenched and precipitation aged ~315 °C | Pick after solution treatment at ~775 °C, water quench and ~315 °C precipitation ageing for heavy-duty worm gears, high-pressure bushings and valve seats; elongation falls to 8% and machining is harder. | 380 | 520 | 8 | 190 HB | 10 % IACS |
What is C94700?
C94700 is an unleaded nickel–tin bronze in the cast bronze family (C90000–C95999), where nickel additions raise strength and corrosion resistance above standard leaded tin bronzes and allow precipitation hardening in the HT condition. It is chosen for pressure-containing and marine parts that must also be strong and ductile, and is supplied as sand, centrifugal and continuous castings. Default-condition values are 165 MPa yield, 330 MPa tensile, 35% elongation, 85 HB (45 HRB), 117 GPa modulus, 46.7 W/m·K, 11% IACS and service to 260 °C. Without lead the machinability rating drops to 35, so C94800 is the choice when machining cost dominates. C94700 has a density of 8.75 g/cm³ (0.316 lb/in³), lighter than 51% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 975°C (1,787 °F). C94700 has a yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 64% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 117 GPa (17 Msi).
What is C94700 used for?
- Valve bodies
- Gears
- Marine fittings
- Pump components
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 35%, better than 80% of copper alloy grades
- High service temperature — 260°C (500 °F), better than 75% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 79% of copper alloy grades
C94700 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C94700-F; bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C94700 has a density of 8.75 g/cm³ (0.316 lb/in³), lighter than 51% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 975°C (1,787 °F).
Mechanical13
C94700 has a yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 64% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 117 GPa (17 Msi).
Thermal6
C94700 is rated for continuous service to 260°C (500 °F). It conducts heat at 46.7 W/m·K (27 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 72% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 18 µm/m·K (10 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C94700 conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, worse than 68% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (68/100), better than 69% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C94700 takes about 52 MJ of energy and emits 3.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 87% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability8
C94700's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 51% of copper alloy grades); weldability fair (40/100); formability poor (15/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the copper alloy family
Yield strength against density for every copper alloy grade FabDigit runs. C94700 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with C94700
Is C94700 easy to machine?
The unleaded composition gives tougher, stringier chips — rated near 30% of free-cutting brass, and about 20% in the heat-treated condition. Use sharp positive-rake tools, ample coolant and moderate speed with a heavier feed to prevent chip welding and built-up edge.
Can C94700 be welded?
Arc weldability is poor, with a tendency to hot cracking and tin segregation. Prefer brazing or soldering, or make small repair welds with phosphor bronze filler at low heat input; re-age heat-treated castings after welding.
Can C94700 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast product only — sand, centrifugal and continuous casting. The wide freezing range requires good feeding and riser design; the alloy is not suitable for cold forming.
C94700 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Sn | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| NiCo counted as Ni; age-hardening element | 4.5 – 6 | 5 |
| Zn | 1 – 2.5 | 2 |
| Pblead-free grade maximum | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Fe | ≤ 0.25 | |
| Sb | ≤ 0.15 | |
| Mn | ≤ 0.2 | |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Si | ≤ 0.01 | |
| Al | ≤ 0.01 | |
| Cubalance; Ag counted as Cu | ≥ 85 (balance) |
What surface finishes work on C94700?
Can be polished, nickel- or chrome-plated, or chemically passivated; it cannot be anodized. Shot blast castings to remove sand before machining datum faces.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on copper alloy parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
How much does C94700 cost?
C94700 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
C94700 — frequently asked
What is C94700 used for?
C94700 is typically used for valve bodies, gears, marine fittings and pump components. In short: strongest cast tin bronze here; unleaded, heat-treatable grade; best corrosion resistance in family.
What is the yield strength of C94700?
C94700 has a typical yield strength of 165 MPa (23.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 64% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is C94700 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 51% of copper alloy grades). The unleaded composition gives tougher, stringier chips — rated near 30% of free-cutting brass, and about 20% in the heat-treated condition. Use sharp positive-rake tools, ample coolant and moderate speed with a heavier feed to prevent chip welding and built-up edge.
Can C94700 be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (40/100). Arc weldability is poor, with a tendency to hot cracking and tin segregation. Prefer brazing or soldering, or make small repair welds with phosphor bronze filler at low heat input; re-age heat-treated castings after welding.
What surface finishes work on C94700?
Can be polished, nickel- or chrome-plated, or chemically passivated; it cannot be anodized. Shot blast castings to remove sand before machining datum faces.
Can C94700 be formed, bent or molded?
Cast product only — sand, centrifugal and continuous casting. The wide freezing range requires good feeding and riser design; the alloy is not suitable for cold forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of C94700?
C94700 is rated for continuous use to about 260°C (500 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C94700-F and C94700-HT?
F is the default condition — choose the as-cast sand or centrifugally cast state with no heat treatment for general bushings, valve bodies and parts needing run-in toughness: 165 MPa yield with 35% elongation, moderate strength. HT: pick after solution treatment at ~775 °C, water quench and ~315 °C precipitation ageing for heavy-duty worm gears, high-pressure bushings and valve seats; elongation falls to 8% and machining is harder. Yield strength is 165 MPa in F versus 380 MPa in HT.
How much does C94700 cost?
C94700 is a high-cost copper alloy ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B584 — Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications — ASTM International (2022)
- CDA Alloy C94700 Properties Datasheet — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Continuous/centrifugal cast nickel-tin bronze bar datasheets — Concast Metal Products / National Bronze (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.