Steel 25CrMoS4
EN 25CrMoS4
25CrMoS4 (1.7213) is the sulphur-treated free-machining version of 25CrMo4 chromium-molybdenum steel; quenched and tempered it gives about 650 MPa yield, 880 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and 265 HB (27 HRC) with a machinability rating of 62.
Reference datasheet — 25CrMoS4 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +QT condition
25CrMoS4 tempers and conditions
25CrMoS4 is supplied in 12 conditions, soft to hard. +QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 12 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroidize annealed | Choose for cold heading, cold extrusion of fasteners or maximum drill/tap life before hardening. | 340 | 570 | 26 | 8 HRC | 8.3 % IACS |
Annealed | Lowest-hardness delivery condition for heavy machining, deep drilling or subsequent heat treatment. | 370 | 600 | 23 | 10 HRC | 8.2 % IACS |
Treated to ferrite-pearlite structure and hardness range | Specified when a defined, uniform F/P microstructure is needed for consistent automatic machining. | 390 | 630 | 21 | 12 HRC | 7.9 % IACS |
Normalized | Uniform fine ferrite-pearlite/bainite structure for forgings before machining or subsequent hardening. | 420 | 660 | 20 | 14 HRC | 8 % IACS |
Treated to hardness range | Ordered when only a hardness window (not full Q&T properties) is required for machining consistency. | 460 | 700 | 19 | 17 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
+QT | Larger bar where reduced quench severity lowers the guaranteed strength class. | 500 | 780 | 17 | 21 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Bright, close-tolerance bar for CNC turning where the part needs no further straightening. | 620 | 760 | 10 | 20 HRC | 7.9 % IACS |
+QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard stocked condition for shafts and machined parts needing ~800–950 MPa tensile with good toughness. | 650 | 880 | 16 | 27 HRC | — |
Quenched, tempered and cold drawn bright bar | Ready-to-machine bright bar combining Q&T strength with drawn tolerance/finish for hydraulic and fastener work. | 720 | 900 | 11 | 28 HRC | 7.5 % IACS |
+QT | Small-diameter bar/wire where full through-hardening gives the highest EN 10083-3 strength class. | 780 | 1,000 | 13 | 31 HRC | 7.5 % IACS |
Hardenability guaranteed | Order +H when the part is hardened by the user and the end-quench (Jominy) band must be guaranteed; delivered soft-annealed or normalized. | 1,150 | 1,450 | 9 | 45 HRC | 7.6 % IACS |
Restricted (narrowed) hardenability band, core-hardening quality | Pick +CH for high-volume automotive parts needing repeatable core hardness and low distortion from a narrowed Jominy scatter band. | 1,200 | 1,450 | 9 | 45 HRC | 7.6 % IACS |
What is 25CrMoS4?
25CrMoS4 (1.7213) is the sulphur-treated free-machining version of 25CrMo4 chromium-molybdenum steel; quenched and tempered it gives about 650 MPa yield, 880 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and 265 HB (27 HRC) with a machinability rating of 62. It is specified for high-volume turned shafts, bolts and fittings where cycle time governs, and is stocked as bright bar, hot-rolled bar and forging stock in annealed, normalized and +QT conditions. The manganese sulphides that ease cutting reduce transverse toughness and promote hot cracking in welds; service is limited to about 400 °C with no corrosion resistance. Use plain 25CrMo4 where weldments or transverse ductility matter. 25CrMoS4 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F). 25CrMoS4 has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 25CrMoS4 used for?
- Bolts
- Shafts
- Precision machined parts
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 89% of steel grades
- High strength — 650 MPa (94.3 ksi), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 35/100, worse than 99% of steel grades
25CrMoS4 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 25CrMoS4-+QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
25CrMoS4 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,420°C (2,588 °F).
Mechanical16
25CrMoS4 has a yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
25CrMoS4 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
25CrMoS4 conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 25CrMoS4 takes about 27 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 59% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability6
25CrMoS4's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability fair (35/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 25CrMoS4 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 25CrMoS4
Is 25CrMoS4 easy to machine?
Free-cutting behaviour is the point of this grade — MnS gives short chips and long tool life; best in +A/+AC (~78–80 % of AISI 1212), noticeably tougher when +QT above 280 HB.
Can 25CrMoS4 be welded?
Not recommended for structural welds: sulphur promotes hot cracking and CE ≈ 0.6 needs 200–300 °C preheat, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld tempering.
Can 25CrMoS4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading/upsetting only in the +AC spheroidized condition; hot forge 1050–850 °C then normalize, and expect anisotropy from sulphide stringers in transverse bends.
25CrMoS4 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.22 – 0.29 | 0.25 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.75 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Sdeliberate sulphur addition for free machining | 0.02 – 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Mo | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.22 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 25CrMoS4?
No corrosion resistance — protect by phosphate+oil, zinc or Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid H embrittlement above 1000 MPa), QPQ nitrocarburising or paint; mirror polishing is limited by sulphide pitting.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 25CrMoS4 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.7213
How much does 25CrMoS4 cost?
25CrMoS4 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
25CrMoS4 — frequently asked
What is 25CrMoS4 used for?
25CrMoS4 is typically used for bolts, shafts and precision machined parts. In short: free-machining Cr-Mo steel; best-machining 25CrMo4 variant; not for structural welds.
What is the yield strength of 25CrMoS4?
25CrMoS4 has a typical yield strength of 650 MPa (94.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 880 MPa (128 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 12 listed tempers.
Is 25CrMoS4 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Free-cutting behaviour is the point of this grade — MnS gives short chips and long tool life; best in +A/+AC (~78–80 % of AISI 1212), noticeably tougher when +QT above 280 HB.
Can 25CrMoS4 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Not recommended for structural welds: sulphur promotes hot cracking and CE ≈ 0.6 needs 200–300 °C preheat, low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld tempering.
What surface finishes work on 25CrMoS4?
No corrosion resistance — protect by phosphate+oil, zinc or Zn-Ni plating (bake to avoid H embrittlement above 1000 MPa), QPQ nitrocarburising or paint; mirror polishing is limited by sulphide pitting.
Can 25CrMoS4 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold heading/upsetting only in the +AC spheroidized condition; hot forge 1050–850 °C then normalize, and expect anisotropy from sulphide stringers in transverse bends.
What is the maximum service temperature of 25CrMoS4?
25CrMoS4 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does 25CrMoS4 cost?
25CrMoS4 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10083-3 Steels for quenching and tempering — Alloy steels — CEN (2006)
- EN 10084 Case hardening steels (hardenability designations +H/+HH/+HL) — CEN (2008)
- EN 10277 Bright steel products — technical delivery conditions — CEN (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19: Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Cr-Mo engineering steel 1.7218/1.7213 data sheet — Böhler / Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.