Steel P275NL2
EN 1.1104
P275NL2 (1.1104) is a normalized, fine-grain non-alloy pressure vessel steel to EN 10028-3, cross-referenced to ASTM A516 Grade 60 and Q345R, with guaranteed L2-level impact toughness down to −50 °C.
Reference datasheet — P275NL2 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the N condition
P275NL2 tempers and conditions
P275NL2 is supplied in 8 conditions, soft to hard. N is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Very heavy normalized plate (forged-like sections, tubesheets); lowest guaranteed strength class and reduced through-thickness toughness. | 265 | 430 | 28 | 128 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
N | Thick normalized plate for tubesheets and heavy shells; minimum yield 235 MPa. | 275 | 440 | 28 | 130 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
N | Heavier normalized plate for pressure shells; minimum yield 255 MPa. | 290 | 445 | 29 | 132 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
Hot-rolled bar/section of the same analysis | For flanges, bars and rolled sections supplied to the same chemistry; low-temperature toughness must be re-qualified after normalizing. | 290 | 450 | 27 | 140 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
Normalized plus stress relief / simulated PWHT | Order this when the vessel receives PWHT or heavy cold forming; strength drops slightly but residual stresses and strain-ageing risk are removed. | 295 | 440 | 31 | 130 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
N | Mid-thickness normalized plate for shells and heads; yield derated to 265 MPa minimum. | 300 | 450 | 30 | 133 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
NDefault Normalized | Standard as-delivered condition for thin low-temperature vessel plate; highest guaranteed yield of the thickness classes. | 310 | 450 | 30 | 135 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
normalized plate with through-thickness (Z-quality) tensile testing per EN 10164 | Choose for nozzle/tubesheet and heavily restrained welded joints where lamellar tearing must be avoided; adds ≥35 % through-thickness reduction of area. | 310 | 450 | 30 | 135 HB | 9.5 % IACS |
What is P275NL2?
P275NL2 (1.1104) is a normalized, fine-grain non-alloy pressure vessel steel to EN 10028-3, cross-referenced to ASTM A516 Grade 60 and Q345R, with guaranteed L2-level impact toughness down to −50 °C. Plate is supplied normalized in graded thicknesses to 100 mm, normalized plus stress-relieved, with through-thickness (Z35) properties or as-rolled, at typical values of 310 MPa yield, 450 MPa tensile, 30 % elongation and 135 HB. It is chosen for cold-service shells, heads and piping because of its CEV ≈ 0.40 weldability, but it has no corrosion resistance and heavy cold strain calls for PWHT. Where −50 °C toughness is not required, P275NH or A516 Grade 60 in standard delivery is the simpler option. P275NL2 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F). P275NL2 has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is P275NL2 used for?
- pressure vessels
- boiler components
- low-temperature process piping
- storage tanks
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 30%, better than 93% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 130 MPa·√m (118.3 ksi·√in), better than 89% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 89% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 72/100, better than 88% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Low strength — 310 MPa (45 ksi), worse than 83% of steel grades
P275NL2 properties
Typical room-temperature values for P275NL2-N; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
P275NL2 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F).
Mechanical16
P275NL2 has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
P275NL2 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
P275NL2 conducts electricity at 9.5 % IACS, better than 75% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of P275NL2 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
P275NL2's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability very good (72/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. P275NL2 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with P275NL2
Is P275NL2 easy to machine?
Machines like normalized C-Mn steel at roughly 65 % of AISI 1212; gummy chips at low S content, so use positive rake, coated carbide and generous coolant.
Can P275NL2 be welded?
Excellent weldability (CEV ≈ 0.40); SAW/SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables, modest preheat above ~30 mm, and heat input controlled to protect −50 °C HAZ toughness.
Can P275NL2 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold rolled and pressed into shells and heads; hot forming 850–950 °C followed by renormalizing, and PWHT is advisable after heavy cold strain to avoid strain ageing.
P275NL2 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cladle analysis, t ≤ 150 mm | ≤ 0.16 | 0.13 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 1.4 | 1.1 |
| Ptightened for L2 low-temperature quality | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Slow S for toughness / Z-quality | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Altotal Al, grain refinement | ≥ 0.02 | 0.04 |
| N | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| NbNb+Ti+V ≤ 0.05 total (micro-alloying) | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| V | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.08 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.5 | 0.12 |
| Moresidual | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on P275NL2?
No inherent corrosion resistance — shot blast to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich coat, galvanize or use cladding/weld overlay for wet service.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel P275NL2 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.1104
- Similar grades
- A516 Grade 60Q345R
How much does P275NL2 cost?
P275NL2 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
P275NL2 — frequently asked
What is P275NL2 used for?
P275NL2 is typically used for pressure vessels, boiler components, low-temperature process piping and storage tanks. In short: −50 °C pressure vessel plate; excellent weldability, CEV 0.40; fine-grain normalized condition.
What is the yield strength of P275NL2?
P275NL2 has a typical yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is P275NL2 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Machines like normalized C-Mn steel at roughly 65 % of AISI 1212; gummy chips at low S content, so use positive rake, coated carbide and generous coolant.
Can P275NL2 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). Excellent weldability (CEV ≈ 0.40); SAW/SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables, modest preheat above ~30 mm, and heat input controlled to protect −50 °C HAZ toughness.
What surface finishes work on P275NL2?
No inherent corrosion resistance — shot blast to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich coat, galvanize or use cladding/weld overlay for wet service.
Can P275NL2 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold rolled and pressed into shells and heads; hot forming 850–950 °C followed by renormalizing, and PWHT is advisable after heavy cold strain to avoid strain ageing.
What is the maximum service temperature of P275NL2?
P275NL2 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between P275NL2-N and P275NL2 N-50-70?
N is the default condition — standard as-delivered condition for thin low-temperature vessel plate; highest guaranteed yield of the thickness classes. N-50-70: thick normalized plate for tubesheets and heavy shells; minimum yield 235 MPa. Yield strength is 310 MPa in N versus 275 MPa in N-50-70.
How much does P275NL2 cost?
P275NL2 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10028-3: Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes – Weldable fine grain steels, normalized — CEN (2017)
- EN 10164: Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface — CEN (2018)
- EN 13445-3: Unfired pressure vessels – Design (material physical properties) — CEN (2021)
- GB/T 713 / GB 3531 (Q345R, 16MnDR) pressure vessel plate — SAC (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 – Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 – Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Normalized fine-grain pressure vessel plate datasheets (Dillinger, Thyssenkrupp, Baosteel) — various mills (2023)
- Mysteel / 1688 (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.