Steel X10Ni9
EN X10Ni9
X10Ni9 (1.5682, ASTM A353 equivalent) is a 9% nickel cryogenic steel with slightly higher carbon than X8Ni9, available QT, NT, NNT, QLT, hot rolled or as forged and QT.
Reference datasheet — X10Ni9 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the QT condition
X10Ni9 tempers and conditions
X10Ni9 is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
normalized and tempered | Standard EN 10028-4 delivery condition for moderate thickness plate where Q&T facilities are not used. | 540 | 700 | 26 | 15 HRC | 5 % IACS |
Hot rolled | Mill intermediate condition supplied only for further forming and subsequent NT/QT — not for cryogenic service as-is. | 560 | 780 | 20 | 22 HRC | 5 % IACS |
double normalized and tempered (ASTM A353) | Classic LNG plate route giving very uniform fine grain and good -196 °C toughness in thick plate at slightly lower yield than Q&T. | 570 | 720 | 26 | 18 HRC | — |
quenched and tempered forgings/flanges (EN 10222-3, ASTM A522/A350 style) | For flanges, valve bodies and tube sheets in cryogenic service where forged product form is specified. | 610 | 720 | 22 | 19 HRC | 5 % IACS |
quench, intercritical (lamellarizing) treatment and temper | Three-step treatment maximising retained austenite and -196 °C toughness in heavy sections; used for thick LNG inner-tank plate. | 630 | 730 | 25 | 19 HRC | 5 % IACS |
QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Highest strength LNG-tank plate condition; pick when 585 MPa minimum yield is required at -196 °C. | 640 | 750 | 24 | 20 HRC | — |
What is X10Ni9?
X10Ni9 (1.5682, ASTM A353 equivalent) is a 9% nickel cryogenic steel with slightly higher carbon than X8Ni9, available QT, NT, NNT, QLT, hot rolled or as forged and QT. The extra carbon raises strength to 640 MPa yield, 750 MPa tensile and about 225 HB (20 HRC) at 24% elongation while low-temperature toughness is retained for LNG service. Machinability is low at 40, maximum service temperature is about 350 °C, and the steel needs nickel-base filler and coating for atmospheric exposure. X7Ni9 is the choice when weldability outweighs strength. X10Ni9 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,430°C (2,606 °F). X10Ni9 has a yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 24% and the elastic modulus is 190 GPa (27.6 Msi).
What is X10Ni9 used for?
- LNG storage
- cryogenic tanks
- pressure vessels
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 180 MPa·√m (163.8 ksi·√in), better than 99% of steel grades
- High strength — 640 MPa (92.8 ksi), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 3 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 91% of steel grades
- Poor heat conductor — 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 83% of steel grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 5 % IACS, worse than 82% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 40/100, worse than 77% of steel grades
X10Ni9 properties
Typical room-temperature values for X10Ni9-QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
X10Ni9 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,430°C (2,606 °F).
Mechanical16
X10Ni9 has a yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 24% and the elastic modulus is 190 GPa (27.6 Msi).
Thermal6
X10Ni9 is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 30 W/m·K (17.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.2 µm/m·K (5.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
X10Ni9 conducts electricity at 5 % IACS, worse than 82% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (18/100), better than 83% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of X10Ni9 takes about 40 MJ of energy and emits 3 kg of CO₂ — more than 91% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability8
X10Ni9's machinability is fair (40/100, worse than 77% of steel grades); weldability good (60/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. X10Ni9 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with X10Ni9
Is X10Ni9 easy to machine?
Machines like a tough 600–750 MPa alloy steel: rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate speed with heavy feed to cut under the work-hardened layer, flood coolant.
Can X10Ni9 be welded?
Weld with Ni-base fillers (ERNiCrMo-3/6, ENiCrMo-6) or matched 9Ni consumables, low heat input, interpass typically ≤150 °C, no preheat normally required and PWHT usually avoided to preserve retained austenite; avoid magnetic arc blow by demagnetizing.
Can X10Ni9 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold-form plate with generous bend radii (≥3t) or hot-form 550–650 °C then re-heat-treat; heavy cold work reduces cryogenic toughness.
X10Ni9 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Chigher C than X8Ni9 (1.5662) | ≤ 0.13 | 0.1 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.8 | 0.55 |
| Plow P for cryogenic toughness | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Soften restricted to 0.005 max | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Ni | 8.5 – 10 | 9 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Moresidual | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Algrain refining, total Al | 0.02 – 0.06 | 0.03 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on X10Ni9?
Not anodizable; grit-blast and apply epoxy/zinc-rich primer or metallize on exposed faces — inner LNG tank surfaces are typically left bare in the dry cryogenic environment.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel X10Ni9 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.5682
- Similar grades
- A353
How much does X10Ni9 cost?
X10Ni9 is a premium-cost steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
X10Ni9 — frequently asked
What is X10Ni9 used for?
X10Ni9 is typically used for LNG storage, cryogenic tanks and pressure vessels. In short: highest tensile 9Ni cryogenic steel; QLT condition available; not corrosion resistant.
What is the yield strength of X10Ni9?
X10Ni9 has a typical yield strength of 640 MPa (92.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 79% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is X10Ni9 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, worse than 77% of steel grades). Machines like a tough 600–750 MPa alloy steel: rigid setups, sharp positive-rake carbide, moderate speed with heavy feed to cut under the work-hardened layer, flood coolant.
Can X10Ni9 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (60/100). Weld with Ni-base fillers (ERNiCrMo-3/6, ENiCrMo-6) or matched 9Ni consumables, low heat input, interpass typically ≤150 °C, no preheat normally required and PWHT usually avoided to preserve retained austenite; avoid magnetic arc blow by demagnetizing.
What surface finishes work on X10Ni9?
Not anodizable; grit-blast and apply epoxy/zinc-rich primer or metallize on exposed faces — inner LNG tank surfaces are typically left bare in the dry cryogenic environment.
Can X10Ni9 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold-form plate with generous bend radii (≥3t) or hot-form 550–650 °C then re-heat-treat; heavy cold work reduces cryogenic toughness.
What is the maximum service temperature of X10Ni9?
X10Ni9 is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between X10Ni9-QT and X10Ni9-NT?
QT is the default condition — highest strength LNG-tank plate condition; pick when 585 MPa minimum yield is required at -196 °C. NT: standard EN 10028-4 delivery condition for moderate thickness plate where Q&T facilities are not used. Yield strength is 640 MPa in QT versus 540 MPa in NT.
How much does X10Ni9 cost?
X10Ni9 is a premium-cost steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10028-4 Flat products of steels for pressure purposes — Nickel alloy steels with specified low temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- ASTM A553/A553M Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered 8 and 9 % Nickel — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM A353/A353M Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel — ASTM International (2022)
- EN 10222-3 Steel forgings for pressure purposes — Nickel steels with specified low temperature properties — CEN (1998)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- 9% Ni cryogenic plate datasheets (Dillinger / JFE / Nippon Steel typical property tables) — various producers (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.