Steel A182 F3V
ASTM A182 F3V · UNS K31830
ASTM A182 F3V is a vanadium-modified 2.25Cr-1Mo forging steel (UNS K31830) supplied quenched and tempered, normalized and tempered, or with simulated PWHT and step-cooling conditions.
Reference datasheet — A182 F3V is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the QT condition
A182 F3V tempers and conditions
A182 F3V is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. QT is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
normalized and tempered ≥675 °C | Alternative A182 heat treatment for thinner or geometrically awkward forgings where liquid quenching is impractical; slightly lower strength and toughness. | 460 | 620 | 21 | 13 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T + maximum simulated PWHT (long cycle, ~705 °C × many hours) | Over-tempered bounding condition for heavy-wall reactors; property basis for design because it gives the lowest strength. | 470 | 620 | 23 | 13 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T + simulated PWHT + step cooling (temper-embrittlement qualification) | Order this test condition when API 934-A step-cooling / vTr54 shift acceptance must be demonstrated for the reactor forging. | 480 | 630 | 22 | 15 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard as-delivered condition for A182 F3V forgings; best combination of strength and upper-shelf toughness. | 505 | 655 | 22 | 210 HB | — |
Q&T + minimum simulated PWHT (short cycle, ~690 °C) | Test condition/delivery basis representing the least-tempered material of a fabricated vessel — governs the upper end of strength and hardness. | 525 | 680 | 21 | 20 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
What is A182 F3V?
ASTM A182 F3V is a vanadium-modified 2.25Cr-1Mo forging steel (UNS K31830) supplied quenched and tempered, normalized and tempered, or with simulated PWHT and step-cooling conditions. It provides higher creep-rupture strength than standard F22 for heavy-wall reactor vessel forgings in refinery hydroprocessing service, at 505 MPa yield, 655 MPa tensile, 22 % elongation, about 210 HB and a 482 °C service ceiling. Welding requires strict hydrogen control and mandatory PWHT per API 934-A, dimensions move during long tempering cycles, and the process side must be overlaid; F22V is the closest alternative. A182 F3V has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). A182 F3V has a yield strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) — stronger than 64% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
What is A182 F3V used for?
- Hydrocracker reactor forgings
- Heavy-wall pressure vessel nozzles
- Reactor shell courses and heads
- Vessel flanges for hydrogen service
- Manway and instrument nozzle forgings
- High-pressure exchanger tubesheets
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 200 MPa·√m (182 ksi·√in), better than 100% of steel grades
- High service temperature — 482°C (900 °F), better than 89% of steel grades
A182 F3V properties
Typical room-temperature values for A182 F3V-QT; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
A182 F3V has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical17
A182 F3V has a yield strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) — stronger than 64% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
A182 F3V is rated for continuous service to 482°C (900 °F). It conducts heat at 36 W/m·K (20.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 73% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
A182 F3V conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (16/100), better than 79% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of A182 F3V takes about 32 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
A182 F3V's machinability is fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades); weldability fair (50/100); formability poor (25/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. A182 F3V is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with A182 F3V
Is A182 F3V easy to machine?
Machines like Q&T 4130/4140 at ~210 HB — rigid setups, carbide inserts, moderate speeds and generous coolant; leave stock for the post-PWHT final cut since long tempering cycles move dimensions.
Can A182 F3V be welded?
SAW/SMAW/GTAW with matching 3Cr-1Mo-V consumables, preheat 150–230 °C, strict hydrogen control and mandatory PWHT ~690–705 °C per API 934-A; control J-factor and weld-metal X-bar for step-cooling embrittlement.
Can A182 F3V be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forged 1150–900 °C with controlled finishing temperature, then quench/normalize and temper ≥675 °C; cold forming is not practical.
A182 F3V chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.11 – 0.15 | 0.13 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Pkept low to limit temper embrittlement (J-factor) | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Sirestricted for embrittlement control | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Cr | 2.75 – 3.25 | 3 |
| Mo | 0.9 – 1.1 | 1 |
| Vcreep and HTHA strengthening carbide former | 0.2 – 0.3 | 0.25 |
| Nblisted as Cb in ASTM A182 | 0.02 – 0.07 | 0.03 |
| Cainclusion shape control | 5×10⁻⁴ – 0.02 | 0 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| B | ≤ 0 | 5×10⁻⁴ |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| Fe | balance | — |
What surface finishes work on A182 F3V?
Process side is protected by 309L/347 or Alloy 625 strip/weld overlay; external surfaces painted or metallized — no anodizing, and hard chrome/plating requires baking to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel A182 F3V in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- K31830
How much does A182 F3V cost?
A182 F3V is a premium-cost steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
A182 F3V — frequently asked
What is A182 F3V used for?
A182 F3V is typically used for hydrocracker reactor forgings, heavy-wall pressure vessel nozzles, reactor shell courses and heads, vessel flanges for hydrogen service, manway and instrument nozzle forgings and high-pressure exchanger tubesheets. In short: creep upgrade over F22; API 934-A reactor forging grade; step-cooling embrittlement controlled.
What is the yield strength of A182 F3V?
A182 F3V has a typical yield strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 655 MPa (95 ksi) — stronger than 64% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is A182 F3V easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (48/100, worse than 57% of steel grades). Machines like Q&T 4130/4140 at ~210 HB — rigid setups, carbide inserts, moderate speeds and generous coolant; leave stock for the post-PWHT final cut since long tempering cycles move dimensions.
Can A182 F3V be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (50/100). SAW/SMAW/GTAW with matching 3Cr-1Mo-V consumables, preheat 150–230 °C, strict hydrogen control and mandatory PWHT ~690–705 °C per API 934-A; control J-factor and weld-metal X-bar for step-cooling embrittlement.
What surface finishes work on A182 F3V?
Process side is protected by 309L/347 or Alloy 625 strip/weld overlay; external surfaces painted or metallized — no anodizing, and hard chrome/plating requires baking to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.
Can A182 F3V be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forged 1150–900 °C with controlled finishing temperature, then quench/normalize and temper ≥675 °C; cold forming is not practical.
What is the maximum service temperature of A182 F3V?
A182 F3V is rated for continuous use to about 482°C (900 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between A182 F3V-QT and A182 F3V-NT?
QT is the default condition — standard as-delivered condition for A182 F3V forgings; best combination of strength and upper-shelf toughness. NT: alternative A182 heat treatment for thinner or geometrically awkward forgings where liquid quenching is impractical; slightly lower strength and toughness. Yield strength is 505 MPa in QT versus 460 MPa in NT.
How much does A182 F3V cost?
A182 F3V is a premium-cost steel ($$$), cheaper than about 51% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM A182/A182M — Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service (Grade F3V, UNS K31830) — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A336/A336M — Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts (Grade F3V) — ASTM International (2021)
- API 934-A — Materials and Fabrication of 2¼Cr-1Mo, 2¼Cr-1Mo-¼V, 3Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo-¼V Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels — American Petroleum Institute (2019)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Material Properties (physical properties, allowable stresses, Group B) — ASME (2023)
- API 941 — Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures (Nelson curves) — American Petroleum Institute (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys (Cr-Mo steels) — ASM International (1990)
- Heavy-wall Cr-Mo-V reactor forging datasheets (JSW / Kobe Steel / Böhler type 3Cr-1Mo-V) — various forge masters (2020)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.