Steel P235GH
EN P235GH · GB Q245R
Low-carbon (~0.16% C) non-alloy steel with guaranteed elevated-temperature yield strength (GH = Geeignet für höhere Temperaturen), the classic EN grade for boiler and pressure-vessel plates and tubes.
Reference datasheet — P235GH is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +N condition
P235GH tempers and conditions
P235GH is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. +N is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+N heavy section | Same heat treatment as +N but the standard steps the minimum yield down with thickness — use for thick shells, tubesheets and heads. | 245 | 420 | 28 | 120 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Use after heavy cold forming or welding (PWHT ~580–620 °C) to restore ductility and remove residual stress in vessels. | 250 | 405 | 31 | 115 HB | 10.7 % IACS |
+NDefault Normalized | Standard supply condition for pressure-vessel plate and seamless boiler tube; fine grain, guaranteed 27 J Charpy and elevated-temperature proof stress. | 265 | 430 | 28 | 125 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest condition for thin plate, coil and welded tube where normalizing is not required by the code. | 270 | 425 | 26 | 130 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Cold-drawn precision tube for tight tolerance and higher strength; low ductility, normally re-normalized before pressure service. | 420 | 500 | 12 | 155 HB | — |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways P235GH is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
TC1 | Tube test category 1 | Certification |
TC2 | Tube test category 2 | Certification |
What is P235GH?
Low-carbon (~0.16% C) non-alloy steel with guaranteed elevated-temperature yield strength (GH = Geeignet für höhere Temperaturen), the classic EN grade for boiler and pressure-vessel plates and tubes. P235GH has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F). P235GH has a yield strength of 265 MPa (38.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 92% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is P235GH used for?
- boiler drums and headers
- pressure vessel shells
- steam piping
- storage tanks for pressurized fluids
Advantages
- Forms and bends easily — 88/100, better than 98% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 95/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 65/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 28%, better than 89% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Low strength — 265 MPa (38.4 ksi), worse than 92% of steel grades
P235GH properties
Typical room-temperature values for P235GH-+N; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
P235GH has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F).
Mechanical16
P235GH has a yield strength of 265 MPa (38.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 92% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
P235GH is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
P235GH conducts electricity at 10.5 % IACS, better than 89% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of P235GH takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
P235GH's machinability is good (65/100, better than 93% of steel grades); weldability excellent (95/100); formability excellent (88/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. P235GH is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with P235GH
Is P235GH easy to machine?
Free machining in all conditions but gummy — use sharp positive-rake carbide, generous feed and coolant to avoid built-up edge; ~70 % of AISI 1212.
Can P235GH be welded?
Excellent: CEV ≈ 0.30–0.35, weldable by SMAW/GTAW/SAW with E7018 or ER70S-6 class consumables, no preheat below ~30 mm, PWHT 580–620 °C per vessel code.
Can P235GH be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls, presses and flanges readily in +N or +SR; hot forming 900–1000 °C followed by re-normalizing if forming ends below Ac3.
P235GH chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10028-2 ladle analysis | ≤ 0.16 | 0.14 |
| Si | ≤ 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 1.2 | 0.9 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Altotal Al, grain refinement | ≥ 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.3 | 0.08 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Nb | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | |
| V | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Cr+Cu+Mo+Nisum limit | ≤ 0.7 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on P235GH?
No natural corrosion resistance — shot-blast to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich primer, hot-dip galvanize, or apply a corrosion allowance; takes a bright but non-durable polish.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel P235GH in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.0345
- GB (China)
- Q245R
- Similar grades
- A516 Grade 60SB410
How much does P235GH cost?
P235GH is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
P235GH — frequently asked
What is P235GH used for?
P235GH is typically used for boiler drums and headers, pressure vessel shells, steam piping and storage tanks for pressurized fluids. In short: baseline pressure-vessel plate; code-grade elevated-temperature strength; excellent weldability and forming.
What is the yield strength of P235GH?
P235GH has a typical yield strength of 265 MPa (38.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 92% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is P235GH easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (65/100, better than 93% of steel grades). Free machining in all conditions but gummy — use sharp positive-rake carbide, generous feed and coolant to avoid built-up edge; ~70 % of AISI 1212.
Can P235GH be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (95/100). Excellent: CEV ≈ 0.30–0.35, weldable by SMAW/GTAW/SAW with E7018 or ER70S-6 class consumables, no preheat below ~30 mm, PWHT 580–620 °C per vessel code.
What surface finishes work on P235GH?
No natural corrosion resistance — shot-blast to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich primer, hot-dip galvanize, or apply a corrosion allowance; takes a bright but non-durable polish.
Can P235GH be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls, presses and flanges readily in +N or +SR; hot forming 900–1000 °C followed by re-normalizing if forming ends below Ac3.
What is the maximum service temperature of P235GH?
P235GH is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
How much does P235GH cost?
P235GH is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10028-2 Flat products of steels for pressure purposes — Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- EN 10216-2 Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2020)
- GB/T 713 Steel plates for boilers and pressure vessels (Q245R) — SAC (2014)
- ASTM A516/A516M Grade 60 — ASTM International (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- EN 13445-3 Unfired pressure vessels — Design — CEN (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.