Steel P265GH · heat-treated state
Steel P265GH Normalized
Properties of the Normalized condition, compared with the other P265GH tempers.
Standard supply condition for pressure-vessel plate, tube and forgings; fine-grained, guaranteed 40 J CVN at 20 °C and full elevated-temperature design values.
What is P265GH Normalized?
P265GH Normalized is P265GH heat treated to Normalized — standard supply condition for pressure-vessel plate, tube and forgings; fine-grained, guaranteed 40 J CVN at 20 °C and full elevated-temperature design values. P265GH Normalized has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 211 GPa (30.6 Msi). P265GH Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F). HR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Normalized is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 68/100, better than 95% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 78/100, better than 91% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 28%, better than 88% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 88% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 300 MPa (43.5 ksi), worse than 86% of steel grades
P265GH Normalized properties
Typical room-temperature values for P265GH Normalized — 10 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every P265GH temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
P265GH Normalized has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,495°C (2,723 °F).
Mechanical15
P265GH Normalized has a yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 211 GPa (30.6 Msi).
Thermal6
P265GH Normalized is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 88% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
P265GH Normalized has an electrical resistivity of 1.7×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of P265GH Normalized takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
P265GH Normalized's machinability is good (68/100, better than 95% of steel grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability very good (78/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other P265GH tempers and conditions
P265GH is also supplied in 5 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the P265GH overview.
- HRDefaultAs-rolled thin plate, strip or welded tube where the mill's rolling schedule already gives fine grain; cheapest route but toughness scatter is wider and thick sections need normalizing.295 MPa yield · 140 HB
- CDCold-drawn precision tube/bar with tight dimensions and higher strength but reduced ductility; must be normalized (+N) or stress-relieved for code pressure service.450 MPa yield · 175 HB
- Q&TOccasionally supplied for thick forgings, flanges and fittings needing through-thickness toughness at low temperature; strength band is only slightly above normalized because the carbon and alloy content are low.340 MPa yield · 150 HB
- NormalizedStandard supply condition for pressure-vessel plate, tube and forgings; fine-grained, guaranteed 40 J CVN at 20 °C and full elevated-temperature design values.300 MPa yield · 135 HB
- N&TUsed for heavy forgings and thick tube where a tempering/stress-relief cycle after normalizing is needed to homogenize hardness and remove residual stress.295 MPa yield · 130 HB
- AnnealedPick for maximum ductility before deep cold forming, tube expanding or heavy machining; strength drops toward the specification minimum.275 MPa yield · 120 HB
Working with P265GH Normalized
Is P265GH easy to machine?
Machines like mild steel — free-cutting at 120–200 m/min with coated carbide, but gummy chips and built-up edge; use positive rake, generous coolant and sharp tools for good finish.
Can P265GH be welded?
Excellent weldability by SMAW/GMAW/SAW/TIG with matching C-Mn consumables; preheat 100–150 °C above ~30 mm or in restrained joints, PWHT 550–600 °C per EN 13445/AD 2000 for thick sections.
Can P265GH be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold formed, flanged and rolled into shells; hot form at 850–1000 °C and re-normalize if hot forming finishes below ~750 °C or cold strain exceeds code limits.
What surface finishes work on P265GH?
Not anodizable — blast-clean to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich paint, hot-dip galvanize, phosphate, or use weld-overlay/roll-bonded stainless cladding for corrosive service.
P265GH chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 10028-2 plate; ladle analysis | ≤ 0.2 | 0.16 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 1.4 | 0.9 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Altotal Al, grain-refining minimum | ≥ 0.02 | 0.03 |
| CrCr+Cu+Mo+Ni ≤ 0.70 total | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Nb | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| V | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
P265GH Normalized — frequently asked
What is P265GH Normalized used for?
P265GH Normalized is typically used for pressure-vessel shells and heads, welded boiler components, heat-exchanger shells and tube sheets, steam and process piping, storage tanks and flanges and nozzles. In short: pressure-vessel HR plate.
What is the yield strength of P265GH Normalized?
P265GH Normalized has a typical yield strength of 300 MPa (43.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) — weaker than 86% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is P265GH Normalized easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (68/100, better than 95% of steel grades). Machines like mild steel — free-cutting at 120–200 m/min with coated carbide, but gummy chips and built-up edge; use positive rake, generous coolant and sharp tools for good finish.
Can P265GH Normalized be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). Excellent weldability by SMAW/GMAW/SAW/TIG with matching C-Mn consumables; preheat 100–150 °C above ~30 mm or in restrained joints, PWHT 550–600 °C per EN 13445/AD 2000 for thick sections.
What surface finishes work on P265GH Normalized?
Not anodizable — blast-clean to Sa 2½ then epoxy/zinc-rich paint, hot-dip galvanize, phosphate, or use weld-overlay/roll-bonded stainless cladding for corrosive service.
Can P265GH Normalized be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold formed, flanged and rolled into shells; hot form at 850–1000 °C and re-normalize if hot forming finishes below ~750 °C or cold strain exceeds code limits.
What is the maximum service temperature of P265GH Normalized?
P265GH Normalized is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between P265GH-HR and P265GH-CD?
HR is the default condition — as-rolled thin plate, strip or welded tube where the mill's rolling schedule already gives fine grain; cheapest route but toughness scatter is wider and thick sections need normalizing. CD: cold-drawn precision tube/bar with tight dimensions and higher strength but reduced ductility; must be normalized (+N) or stress-relieved for code pressure service. Yield strength is 295 MPa in HR versus 450 MPa in CD.
Can FabDigit make parts in P265GH Normalized?
Yes — P265GH Normalized is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10028-2 — Flat products of steels for pressure purposes: non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- EN 10216-2 — Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2020)
- EN 10222-2 — Steel forgings for pressure purposes: ferritic and martensitic steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2021)
- EN 10273 — Hot rolled weldable steel bars for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Pressure vessel plate P265GH / P355GH datasheets — Dillinger / Voestalpine / ArcelorMittal (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.