Copper Alloy CC331G-GM
Finish state
EN CC331G
GM = permanent (chill) mould cast, as-cast
Choose for repeat production of small/medium parts needing finer grain and ~10 % higher strength than sand cast.
Values for the GM condition
Other CC331G tempers and conditions
CC331G is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at CC331G.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stress relieved | Used on large or heavily machined castings to remove residual stress and stabilise dimensions; slight softening, better ductility. | 190 | 530 | 28 | 115 HB | 16 % IACS |
GSDefault Sand cast | Standard sand-cast condition for general housings, gears, bushings and marine fittings. | 200 | 550 | 25 | 120 HB | — |
GMThis page Permanent (chill) mould cast, as-cast | Choose for repeat production of small/medium parts needing finer grain and ~10 % higher strength than sand cast. | 230 | 590 | 22 | 130 HB | 15 % IACS |
Continuous cast bar/tube | Stock bar and tube form for machined bushings and wear plates; uniform fine structure, minimal machining allowance. | 240 | 600 | 20 | 135 HB | 15 % IACS |
Centrifugally cast | Best for sleeves, bushings and worm-gear rims: dense, porosity-free wall with the highest strength of the cast conditions. | 250 | 620 | 20 | 140 HB | 15 % IACS |
What is CC331G-GM?
CC331G-GM is CC331G supplied in the GM condition — choose for repeat production of small/medium parts needing finer grain and ~10 % higher strength than sand cast. CC331G-GM has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 112 GPa (16.2 Msi). CC331G-GM has a density of 7.64 g/cm³ (0.276 lb/in³), lighter than 92% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,040°C (1,904 °F). GS is the default condition FabDigit quotes; GM is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Lightweight — 7.64 g/cm³ (0.276 lb/in³), better than 92% of copper alloy grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 73/100, better than 87% of copper alloy grades
- High service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), better than 85% of copper alloy grades
- Readily welded — 63/100, better than 78% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Limited formability — 18/100, worse than 75% of copper alloy grades
CC331G-GM properties
Typical room-temperature values for CC331G-GM; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are CC331G reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
CC331G-GM has a density of 7.64 g/cm³ (0.276 lb/in³), lighter than 92% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 1,040°C (1,904 °F).
Mechanical14
CC331G-GM has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 112 GPa (16.2 Msi).
Thermal6
CC331G-GM is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 59 W/m·K (34.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 61% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 16.2 µm/m·K (9 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
CC331G-GM conducts electricity at 15 % IACS, worse than 54% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (73/100), better than 87% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of CC331G-GM takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 3.8 kg of CO₂ — less than 72% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 50%.
Manufacturability8
CC331G-GM's machinability is fair (43/100, better than 60% of copper alloy grades); weldability good (63/100); formability poor (18/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with CC331G-GM
Is CC331G easy to machine?
Machines like a tough gummy bronze: use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, heavy feed, rigid setup and flood coolant to break the continuous chip.
Can CC331G be welded?
GTAW/GMAW with ECuAl-A2 / CuAl9 filler, 150–250 °C preheat, low interpass heat and mechanical removal of the alumina film; avoid oxyacetylene and brazing.
Can CC331G be formed, bent or molded?
Foundry alloy only — cast with bottom/quiet gating and generous risers to prevent oxide-film folds; hot working of ingot is possible at 750–900 °C but not cold forming.
What surface finishes work on CC331G?
Not anodizable; take a good mechanical polish, accepts nickel/chrome plating after activation, or leave bare for a self-protecting olive-brown patina in seawater.
CC331G chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| AlC95200 narrows to 8.5–9.5 % | 8.5 – 11 | 10 |
| FeC95200: 2.5–4.0 % | 1.5 – 3.5 | 2.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| NiNi+Co | ≤ 1 | 0.3 |
| Si | ≤ 0.2 | 0.05 |
| Sn | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Zn | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Pblow-Pb requirement for potable water service | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Curemainder; ASTM C95200 requires Cu ≥ 86.0 % | ≥ 83 (balance) | — |
CC331G-GM — frequently asked
What is CC331G-GM used for?
CC331G-GM is typically used for worm gears, bearings and bushings, marine hardware and valve seats. In short: workhorse cast aluminum bronze; high strength with 25 % elongation; weldable cast bronze.
What is the yield strength of CC331G-GM?
CC331G-GM has a typical yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 590 MPa (85.6 ksi) — stronger than 51% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is CC331G-GM easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (43/100, better than 60% of copper alloy grades). Machines like a tough gummy bronze: use sharp positive-rake carbide, 60–120 m/min, heavy feed, rigid setup and flood coolant to break the continuous chip.
Can CC331G-GM be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (63/100). GTAW/GMAW with ECuAl-A2 / CuAl9 filler, 150–250 °C preheat, low interpass heat and mechanical removal of the alumina film; avoid oxyacetylene and brazing.
What surface finishes work on CC331G-GM?
Not anodizable; take a good mechanical polish, accepts nickel/chrome plating after activation, or leave bare for a self-protecting olive-brown patina in seawater.
Can CC331G-GM be formed, bent or molded?
Foundry alloy only — cast with bottom/quiet gating and generous risers to prevent oxide-film folds; hot working of ingot is possible at 750–900 °C but not cold forming.
What is the maximum service temperature of CC331G-GM?
CC331G-GM is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between CC331G-GS and CC331G-GZ?
GS is the default condition — standard sand-cast condition for general housings, gears, bushings and marine fittings. GZ: best for sleeves, bushings and worm-gear rims: dense, porosity-free wall with the highest strength of the cast conditions. Yield strength is 200 MPa in GS versus 250 MPa in GZ.
Sources
- EN 1982 — Copper and copper alloys: ingots and castings (CuAl10Fe2-C / CC331G) — CEN (2017)
- ASTM B148 — Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings (C95200) — ASTM International (2019)
- ASTM B505/B505M — Copper Alloy Continuous Castings — ASTM International (2018)
- GB/T 1176 — (ZCuAl10Fe3) — SAC (2013)
- CDA Alloy Datasheet C95200 — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.