Copper Alloy C90400-M01
Finish state · default condition
UNS C90400
M01 = as sand cast
Standard route for valve bodies, pump housings and one-off/low-volume castings.
Values for the M01 condition
Other C90400 tempers and conditions
C90400 is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at C90400.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sand cast + stress relief anneal | Use when tight dimensional stability is needed after rough machining of thin-wall valve bodies. | 145 | 305 | 11 | 78 HB | 11 % IACS |
M01DefaultThis page As sand cast | Standard route for valve bodies, pump housings and one-off/low-volume castings. | 150 | 310 | 10 | 80 HB | 11 % IACS |
As plaster cast | Medium-volume near-net parts; finer grain than sand cast, better surface and slightly higher strength. | 165 | 330 | 11 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As centrifugally cast | Choose for large rings, bushings and worm-wheel rims needing dense, sound walls. | 170 | 340 | 12 | 85 HB | 11 % IACS |
As continuous cast | Standard stock form for machined bushings and thrust washers — densest structure, best machined finish. | 180 | 350 | 12 | 90 HB | 12 % IACS |
What is C90400-M01?
C90400-M01 is C90400 supplied in the M01 condition — standard route for valve bodies, pump housings and one-off/low-volume castings. C90400-M01 has a yield strength of 150 MPa (21.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 69% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi). C90400-M01 has a density of 8.75 g/cm³ (0.316 lb/in³), lighter than 51% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 830°C (1,526 °F).
Advantages
- High service temperature — 260°C (500 °F), better than 75% of copper alloy grades
Limitations
- Limited formability — 5/100, worse than 98% of copper alloy grades
- Limited ductility — 10%, worse than 76% of copper alloy grades
C90400-M01 properties
Typical room-temperature values for C90400-M01; 21 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are C90400 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among copper alloy grades.
Physical3
C90400-M01 has a density of 8.75 g/cm³ (0.316 lb/in³), lighter than 51% of copper alloy grades. It melts at 830°C (1,526 °F).
Mechanical15
C90400-M01 has a yield strength of 150 MPa (21.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 69% of copper alloy grades. Elongation at break is 10% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
C90400-M01 is rated for continuous service to 260°C (500 °F). It conducts heat at 47 W/m·K (27.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 69% of copper alloy grades. Thermal expansion is 18.4 µm/m·K (10.2 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
C90400-M01 conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, worse than 68% of copper alloy grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (66/100), better than 64% of copper alloy grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of C90400-M01 takes about 62 MJ of energy and emits 4.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 76% of copper alloy grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability8
C90400-M01's machinability is fair (45/100, better than 64% of copper alloy grades); weldability poor (30/100); formability not recommended (5/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with C90400-M01
Is C90400 easy to machine?
Machines readily with sharp, positive-rake carbide or HSS tooling at ~30 % of free-cutting brass; unleaded so chips are stringy — use good chip breaking and flood coolant.
Can C90400 be welded?
Fusion welding is difficult (hot short, tin oxide/dross); repair by GTAW with matching Cu-Sn filler and preheat 150–200 °C, or prefer brazing/soldering.
Can C90400 be formed, bent or molded?
Casting alloy only — not cold formable; design generous fillets and directional solidification with chills, keep pouring 1050–1150 °C to avoid tin sweat and shrinkage porosity.
What surface finishes work on C90400?
Takes a fine machined or polished finish; can be tin, nickel or chrome plated, or chemically patinated and lacquered; do not anodize.
C90400 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Snprimary strengthening/wear element | 10 – 12 | 11 |
| Zndeoxidiser, improves fluidity and pressure tightness | 1 – 3 | 1.5 |
| Pbimpurity limit | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Fe | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Niincl. Co | ≤ 0.5 | — |
| Sb | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Phigher P allowed in some foundry practice for deoxidation | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| Al | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Si | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Cu | ≥ 86 (balance) | — |
C90400-M01 — frequently asked
What is C90400-M01 used for?
C90400-M01 is typically used for valve bodies, bearings, pump components and gears. In short: harder tin-zinc cast bronze; bearing and gear castings; pressure-tight valve bodies.
What is the yield strength of C90400-M01?
C90400-M01 has a typical yield strength of 150 MPa (21.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) — weaker than 69% of copper alloy grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is C90400-M01 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (45/100, better than 64% of copper alloy grades). Machines readily with sharp, positive-rake carbide or HSS tooling at ~30 % of free-cutting brass; unleaded so chips are stringy — use good chip breaking and flood coolant.
Can C90400-M01 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (30/100). Fusion welding is difficult (hot short, tin oxide/dross); repair by GTAW with matching Cu-Sn filler and preheat 150–200 °C, or prefer brazing/soldering.
What surface finishes work on C90400-M01?
Takes a fine machined or polished finish; can be tin, nickel or chrome plated, or chemically patinated and lacquered; do not anodize.
Can C90400-M01 be formed, bent or molded?
Casting alloy only — not cold formable; design generous fillets and directional solidification with chills, keep pouring 1050–1150 °C to avoid tin sweat and shrinkage porosity.
What is the maximum service temperature of C90400-M01?
C90400-M01 is rated for continuous use to about 260°C (500 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between C90400-M01 and C90400-M07?
M01 is the default condition — standard route for valve bodies, pump housings and one-off/low-volume castings. M07: standard stock form for machined bushings and thrust washers — densest structure, best machined finish. Yield strength is 150 MPa in M01 versus 180 MPa in M07.
Sources
- ASTM B505/B505M Continuous Cast Copper Alloys — ASTM International (2018)
- ASTM B584 Copper Alloy Sand Castings for General Applications — ASTM International (2014)
- CDA Copper Alloy Data — cast tin bronzes (C904xx–C907xx) — Copper Development Association (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties of Copper and Copper Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- GB/T 1176 (ZCuSn10Zn2 comparable grade) — SAC (2013)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.