Steel S235J2G3
EN 1.0116
S235J2G3 (1.0116) is the older EN 10025-2 designation, predecessor of S235J2, for non-alloy structural steel with 27 J impact energy guaranteed at -20 °C and a normalized (G3) delivery condition.
Reference datasheet — S235J2G3 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +N condition
S235J2G3 tempers and conditions
S235J2G3 is supplied in 5 conditions, soft to hard. +N is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Softest condition for deep drawing, heavy cold forming or after severe cold work; lowest strength. | 215 | 380 | 31 | 108 HB | 11.5 % IACS |
+N heavy section | Thick plate and heavy sections: specified yield drops with thickness per EN 10025-2, use for heavy welded frames and base plates. | 225 | 400 | 25 | 115 HB | 11 % IACS |
+NDefault Normalized | Standard delivery condition implied by the 'G3' suffix — fine grain, guaranteed 27 J at -20 °C; pick for welded structures in cold service. | 250 | 430 | 27 | 120 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Cheapest hot-rolled delivery for thin plate/sections where normalizing is not contractually required. | 255 | 440 | 26 | 125 HB | 11 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Bright, close-tolerance bar for shafts, pins and machined parts; higher strength but low ductility and residual stress. | 400 | 500 | 9 | 155 HB | 11 % IACS |
What is S235J2G3?
S235J2G3 (1.0116) is the older EN 10025-2 designation, predecessor of S235J2, for non-alloy structural steel with 27 J impact energy guaranteed at -20 °C and a normalized (G3) delivery condition. It is specified for outdoor and cold-service welded structures and is available as normalized and as-rolled plate and sections, cold-drawn bar and annealed stock, with 250 MPa yield, 430 MPa tensile, 27 % elongation and 120 HB. It offers no corrosion resistance and only modest strength; new drawings should call up S235J2, and S275 or S355 grades where higher load capacity is needed. S235J2G3 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). S235J2G3 has a yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 94% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is S235J2G3 used for?
- outdoor structural steelwork
- bridges
- welded frames
- load-bearing components
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 95/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 96% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 27%, better than 86% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Low strength — 250 MPa (36.3 ksi), worse than 94% of steel grades
S235J2G3 properties
Typical room-temperature values for S235J2G3-+N; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
S235J2G3 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
S235J2G3 has a yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 94% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
S235J2G3 is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S235J2G3 conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S235J2G3 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 35%.
Manufacturability6
S235J2G3's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability excellent (95/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. S235J2G3 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with S235J2G3
Is S235J2G3 easy to machine?
Machines easily but is gummy — use sharp positive-rake tooling, generous feed and coolant to avoid built-up edge and torn threads; cold-drawn bar gives the best finish.
Can S235J2G3 be welded?
Excellent weldability by SMAW/GMAW/SAW with E7018-class or G3Si1 consumables; CEV ≈ 0.35 so no preheat below ~30 mm, use low-hydrogen filler for thick restrained joints.
Can S235J2G3 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and pressed (min bend radius ≈ 0.5–1.5 t depending on thickness/orientation); hot forming 900–1250 °C followed by normalizing restores toughness.
S235J2G3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C≤0.17 % for t ≤ 40 mm; ladle analysis | ≤ 0.17 | 0.14 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.4 | 0.7 |
| SiNot limited in EN 10025-2; typical mill practice for killed steel | ≤ 0.35 | 0.2 |
| P0.035 % max in the original EN 10025:1990 issue of S235J2G3 | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S0.035 % max in the original EN 10025:1990 issue | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.55 | 0.2 |
| AlTotal Al for fully killed / fine-grain practice (J2 quality) | ≥ 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on S235J2G3?
No anodizing; must be protected — hot-dip galvanizing, zinc-rich primer, shop paint, or phosphating; blast-clean to Sa 2½ before coating.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel S235J2G3 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.0116
- Similar grades
- St37-3NQ235D
How much does S235J2G3 cost?
S235J2G3 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
S235J2G3 — frequently asked
What is S235J2G3 used for?
S235J2G3 is typically used for outdoor structural steelwork, bridges, welded frames and load-bearing components. In short: toughness down to -20 °C; superseded by S235J2; normalized delivery condition.
What is the yield strength of S235J2G3?
S235J2G3 has a typical yield strength of 250 MPa (36.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) — weaker than 94% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is S235J2G3 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Machines easily but is gummy — use sharp positive-rake tooling, generous feed and coolant to avoid built-up edge and torn threads; cold-drawn bar gives the best finish.
Can S235J2G3 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (95/100). Excellent weldability by SMAW/GMAW/SAW with E7018-class or G3Si1 consumables; CEV ≈ 0.35 so no preheat below ~30 mm, use low-hydrogen filler for thick restrained joints.
What surface finishes work on S235J2G3?
No anodizing; must be protected — hot-dip galvanizing, zinc-rich primer, shop paint, or phosphating; blast-clean to Sa 2½ before coating.
Can S235J2G3 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and pressed (min bend radius ≈ 0.5–1.5 t depending on thickness/orientation); hot forming 900–1250 °C followed by normalizing restores toughness.
What is the maximum service temperature of S235J2G3?
S235J2G3 is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S235J2G3 +N and S235J2G3-CD?
+N is the default condition — standard delivery condition implied by the 'G3' suffix — fine grain, guaranteed 27 J at -20 °C; pick for welded structures in cold service. CD: bright, close-tolerance bar for shafts, pins and machined parts; higher strength but low ductility and residual stress. Yield strength is 250 MPa in +N versus 400 MPa in CD.
How much does S235J2G3 cost?
S235J2G3 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10025-2 Hot rolled products of structural steels — Non-alloy structural steels — CEN (2019)
- EN 10025:1990/A1:1993 (original S235J2G3 designation) — CEN (1993)
- GB/T 700 (Q235D) — SAC (2006)
- EN 10277 Bright steel products — Technical delivery conditions — CEN (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — CEN (2005)
- worldsteel LCI data for steel products — World Steel Association (2023)
- Mysteel / SMM — Mysteel (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.