Steel 14G2AF
EN 14G2AF
14G2AF is a vanadium-niobium micro-alloyed GOST pipeline steel in the API 5L X60 strength class, hardened by fine V(C,N) precipitates on a low-carbon C-Mn base.
Reference datasheet — 14G2AF is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the HR condition
14G2AF tempers and conditions
14G2AF is supplied in 6 conditions, soft to hard. HR is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Only for severe cold forming or intermediate machining; sacrifices most of the V(C,N) precipitation strengthening. | 330 | 500 | 28 | 145 HB | 8.8 % IACS |
Normalized | Choose for thick plate and pressure parts where uniform fine grain and guaranteed −60 °C toughness are required. | 420 | 570 | 24 | 165 HB | — |
HRDefault Hot rolled | Standard stocked condition for plate, coil and welded pipe body; meets the 400 MPa strength class straight off the mill. | 430 | 580 | 22 | 170 HB | — |
14G2AF-Yu | Specify when guaranteed grain refinement and improved sub-zero impact energy are needed in thick sections. | 440 | 590 | 23 | 175 HB | 8.5 % IACS |
Thermomechanically controlled processed | Pick for line pipe skelp where the best combination of X60 strength, low CE and −60 °C DWTT/CVN performance is needed. | 460 | 600 | 24 | 180 HB | — |
Quenched and tempered | Used when a higher strength class (σ0.2 ≥ 500 MPa) is specified for heavy structural sections; needs tighter welding control. | 540 | 680 | 18 | 18 HRC | — |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways 14G2AF is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
X60 | API 5L X60 PSL2 | Certification |
What is 14G2AF?
14G2AF is a vanadium-niobium micro-alloyed GOST pipeline steel in the API 5L X60 strength class, hardened by fine V(C,N) precipitates on a low-carbon C-Mn base. It is used for northern-climate gas and oil transmission pipe and for welded pipe structures, supplied hot-rolled, normalized, TMCP, quenched-and-tempered or annealed at 430 MPa yield, 580 MPa tensile, 22 % elongation and 170 HB. Hot forming above 950 °C or PWHT above about 650 °C coarsens the vanadium precipitates and lowers yield strength, and service is limited to about 400 °C. The bare surface rusts like mild steel; API 5L X60 line pipe is the direct alternative. 14G2AF has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F). 14G2AF has a yield strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 51% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is 14G2AF used for?
- gas pipelines
- cold-region pipe
- welded pipe structures
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 130 MPa·√m (118.3 ksi·√in), better than 89% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 65/100, better than 81% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 78/100, better than 78% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
14G2AF properties
Typical room-temperature values for 14G2AF-HR; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
14G2AF has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F).
Mechanical16
14G2AF has a yield strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 51% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
14G2AF is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 46 W/m·K (26.6 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
14G2AF conducts electricity at 8.5 % IACS, better than 63% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 14G2AF takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
14G2AF's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability very good (78/100); formability good (65/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 14G2AF is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 14G2AF
Is 14G2AF easy to machine?
Machines like a normalized 0.15 %C HSLA steel (~55 % of AISI 1212); use rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate feeds — the V(C,N) dispersion gives slightly higher tool wear than plain C-Mn steel.
Can 14G2AF be welded?
Readily weldable by SAW/GMAW/SMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; CE(IIW) ≈ 0.40–0.45, so preheat 100–150 °C above ~25 mm thickness and limit heat input to protect HAZ toughness.
Can 14G2AF be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well for UOE/JCOE pipe and press-brake work at bend radii ≥ 2–3 t; hot forming above 950 °C or PWHT above ~650 °C dissolves/coarsens vanadium precipitates and lowers yield strength.
14G2AF chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.12 – 0.18 | 0.15 |
| Si | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Mn | 1.2 – 1.6 | 1.4 |
| Vprecipitation strengthening as V(C,N) | 0.07 – 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Ndeliberate nitrogen addition | 0.02 – 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Nboptional in pipeline/TMCP versions | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Al≥0.02 in the -Yu (Al-treated) variant | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.3 | |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | |
| S | ≤ 0.04 | 0.01 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 14G2AF?
No anodizing; protect with shot-blast + 3LPE/FBE pipeline coating, epoxy paint, hot-dip galvanizing or cathodic protection — bare surface rusts as fast as mild steel.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 14G2AF in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- Similar grades
- API 5L X60
How much does 14G2AF cost?
14G2AF is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
14G2AF — frequently asked
What is 14G2AF used for?
14G2AF is typically used for gas pipelines, cold-region pipe and welded pipe structures. In short: X60-class pipeline steel; micro-alloyed for arctic toughness; higher strength than 09G2S.
What is the yield strength of 14G2AF?
14G2AF has a typical yield strength of 430 MPa (62.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 51% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 14G2AF easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Machines like a normalized 0.15 %C HSLA steel (~55 % of AISI 1212); use rigid setups, coated carbide and moderate feeds — the V(C,N) dispersion gives slightly higher tool wear than plain C-Mn steel.
Can 14G2AF be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (78/100). Readily weldable by SAW/GMAW/SMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; CE(IIW) ≈ 0.40–0.45, so preheat 100–150 °C above ~25 mm thickness and limit heat input to protect HAZ toughness.
What surface finishes work on 14G2AF?
No anodizing; protect with shot-blast + 3LPE/FBE pipeline coating, epoxy paint, hot-dip galvanizing or cathodic protection — bare surface rusts as fast as mild steel.
Can 14G2AF be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well for UOE/JCOE pipe and press-brake work at bend radii ≥ 2–3 t; hot forming above 950 °C or PWHT above ~650 °C dissolves/coarsens vanadium precipitates and lowers yield strength.
What is the maximum service temperature of 14G2AF?
14G2AF is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 14G2AF-HR and 14G2AF-QT?
HR is the default condition — standard stocked condition for plate, coil and welded pipe body; meets the 400 MPa strength class straight off the mill. QT: used when a higher strength class (σ0.2 ≥ 500 MPa) is specified for heavy structural sections; needs tighter welding control. Yield strength is 430 MPa in HR versus 540 MPa in QT.
How much does 14G2AF cost?
14G2AF is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- GOST 19281-89 — Rolled steel with increased strength (14Г2АФ) — Gosstandart (1989)
- GOST 19282-73 — Low-alloy thick plate and wide strip — Gosstandart (1973)
- API 5L Specification for Line Pipe, 46th ed. — API (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.