Steel S235J0
EN S235J0
S235J0 (1.0114) is a general-purpose non-alloy structural steel to EN 10025-2, the J0 quality guaranteeing 27 J Charpy impact energy at 0 °C.
Reference datasheet — S235J0 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the +AR condition
S235J0 tempers and conditions
S235J0 is supplied in 3 conditions, soft to hard. +AR is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ARDefault Hot rolled | Standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures. | 245 | 420 | 28 | 120 HB | — |
Normalized | Choose for thick plate, uniform fine grain and the most reliable 0 °C impact values after forming or flame cutting. | 255 | 420 | 30 | 115 HB | 10.8 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Pick for close-tolerance shafts, pins and machined parts where the drawn surface and higher strength are wanted. | 420 | 500 | 12 | 160 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
Supply forms, finishes and certifications
Ways S235J0 is supplied — form, process route, surface or paperwork — without a datasheet of their own. The property values above apply.
| Option | What it is | Type |
|---|---|---|
HDG | Hot-dip galvanized | Coating |
What is S235J0?
S235J0 (1.0114) is a general-purpose non-alloy structural steel to EN 10025-2, the J0 quality guaranteeing 27 J Charpy impact energy at 0 °C. It is the default low-cost choice for welded and bolted structures, supplied as hot-rolled sections and plate, normalized, cold-drawn bar and hot-dip galvanized product, with 245 MPa yield, 420 MPa tensile, 28 % elongation and 120 HB. Strength is modest and the steel has no corrosion resistance, so coating is mandatory outdoors. Use S235J2 for guaranteed toughness at -20 °C, or S275J0 where higher load capacity is needed. S235J0 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). S235J0 has a yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
What is S235J0 used for?
- structural steel beams
- building frames
- bridges
- general fabrication
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 52 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 95/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 96% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Low strength — 245 MPa (35.5 ksi), worse than 95% of steel grades
S235J0 properties
Typical room-temperature values for S235J0-+AR; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
S235J0 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
S235J0 has a yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
S235J0 is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 52 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S235J0 conducts electricity at 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S235J0 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
S235J0's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability excellent (95/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. S235J0 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with S235J0
Is S235J0 easy to machine?
Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tools, generous coolant and moderate speeds to avoid built-up edge; cold-drawn bar chips better than as-rolled.
Can S235J0 be welded?
Excellent with SMAW/GMAW/FCAW/SAW using E7018/ER70S-6 class consumables; CEV ≤0.35 means no preheat below ~30 mm, keep hydrogen low on thick restrained joints.
Can S235J0 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and press-braked (typical minimum bend radius 0.5–1.5 t, transverse to rolling direction preferred); hot forms easily at 900–1200 °C.
S235J0 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cladle analysis, t ≤ 40 mm (EN 10025-2) | ≤ 0.17 | 0.15 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.4 | 0.6 |
| Sinot specified by EN 10025-2 for S235 | ≈ 0.2 | 0.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Nlimit waived if sufficient N-binding elements present | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.55 | 0.15 |
| FeCEV ≤ 0.35 for t ≤ 30 mm | balance |
What surface finishes work on S235J0?
No anodizing; protect by shot-blast + zinc-rich primer/paint, hot-dip galvanizing or phosphate + e-coat — bare surfaces rust within days outdoors.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel S235J0 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.0114
- Similar grades
- RSt37-2Q235C
How much does S235J0 cost?
S235J0 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
S235J0 — frequently asked
What is S235J0 used for?
S235J0 is typically used for structural steel beams, building frames, bridges and general fabrication. In short: low-cost weldable structural steel; 27 J toughness at 0 °C; excellent cold formability.
What is the yield strength of S235J0?
S235J0 has a typical yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is S235J0 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tools, generous coolant and moderate speeds to avoid built-up edge; cold-drawn bar chips better than as-rolled.
Can S235J0 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (95/100). Excellent with SMAW/GMAW/FCAW/SAW using E7018/ER70S-6 class consumables; CEV ≤0.35 means no preheat below ~30 mm, keep hydrogen low on thick restrained joints.
What surface finishes work on S235J0?
No anodizing; protect by shot-blast + zinc-rich primer/paint, hot-dip galvanizing or phosphate + e-coat — bare surfaces rust within days outdoors.
Can S235J0 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and press-braked (typical minimum bend radius 0.5–1.5 t, transverse to rolling direction preferred); hot forms easily at 900–1200 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of S235J0?
S235J0 is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S235J0 +AR and S235J0-CD?
+AR is the default condition — standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures. CD: pick for close-tolerance shafts, pins and machined parts where the drawn surface and higher strength are wanted. Yield strength is 245 MPa in +AR versus 420 MPa in CD.
How much does S235J0 cost?
S235J0 is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- EN 10025-2 Hot rolled products of structural steels — Non-alloy structural steels — CEN (2019)
- GB/T 700 (Q235C) — SAC (2006)
- EN 10277 Bright steel products — Technical delivery conditions — CEN (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — CEN (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.