Steel P295GH N-16-40
Heat-treated state
EN P295GH
N-16-40 = +N, 16 < t ≤ 40 mm
Medium plate for vessel shells; proof strength minimum drops slightly with section.
Values for the N-16-40 condition
Other P295GH tempers and conditions
P295GH is listed in 8 conditions; see the grade overview at P295GH.
Compare all 8 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+N, 150 < t ≤ 250 mm | Maximum standard thickness; usually specified with Z-quality and UT for tubesheets. | 265 | 470 | 24 | 138 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
+N, 100 < t ≤ 150 mm | Very heavy sections such as tubesheets; verify through-thickness properties. | 275 | 480 | 25 | 140 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
+N, 60 < t ≤ 100 mm | Heavy plate for thick shells and forged-like sections; lower guaranteed strength band. | 300 | 490 | 26 | 143 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
normalized and stress relieved / simulated PWHT | Used when the fabricated vessel receives PWHT (typically 580–620 °C); slight softening but improved toughness and lower residual stress. | 320 | 495 | 30 | 145 HB | 9.2 % IACS |
+N, 40 < t ≤ 60 mm | Heavier shell/tubesheet plate; use when 285 MPa minimum proof strength suffices. | 325 | 500 | 27 | 145 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
N-16-40This page +N, 16 < t ≤ 40 mm | Medium plate for vessel shells; proof strength minimum drops slightly with section. | 330 | 505 | 27 | 148 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
N-16Default +N, t ≤ 16 mm | Standard stocked condition: normalized thin/medium plate with the full 295 MPa minimum proof strength. | 340 | 510 | 28 | 150 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
normalizing-rolled (thermomechanically normalizing rolled) | Mill-route alternative to furnace normalizing, accepted by EN 10028-2 with the same guaranteed properties and better flatness/economy. | 345 | 515 | 28 | 152 HB | 9.1 % IACS |
What is P295GH N-16-40?
P295GH N-16-40 is P295GH heat treated to N-16-40 — medium plate for vessel shells; proof strength minimum drops slightly with section. P295GH N-16-40 has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) — weaker than 78% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). P295GH N-16-40 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F). N-16 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; N-16-40 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Forms and bends easily — 74/100, better than 89% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 88/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 27%, better than 86% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 125 MPa·√m (113.8 ksi·√in), better than 85% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Low strength — 330 MPa (47.9 ksi), worse than 78% of steel grades
P295GH N-16-40 properties
Typical room-temperature values for P295GH N-16-40; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are P295GH reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
P295GH N-16-40 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F).
Mechanical16
P295GH N-16-40 has a yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) — weaker than 78% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 27% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
P295GH N-16-40 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
P295GH N-16-40 conducts electricity at 9.1 % IACS, better than 73% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of P295GH N-16-40 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
P295GH N-16-40's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability excellent (88/100); formability very good (74/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with P295GH N-16-40
Is P295GH easy to machine?
Machines like ordinary C-Mn plate at ~65 % of AISI 1212; low sulphur makes chips stringy, so use positive-rake coated carbide, generous feed and coolant.
Can P295GH be welded?
Excellent weldability (CEV typically ≤ 0.40) by SAW/SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–150 °C above ~30 mm and apply PWHT at 550–620 °C where code requires.
Can P295GH be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls and presses readily to vessel shells and heads (min bend radius ~1.5–2 t); hot forming 850–950 °C must be followed by re-normalizing at 890–930 °C.
What surface finishes work on P295GH?
No natural corrosion resistance — shot-blast to Sa 2½ and apply epoxy paint, metallizing or hot-dip galvanizing; stainless weld overlay/roll-bond cladding for corrosive process sides.
P295GH chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cladle analysis, EN 10028-2 | ≤ 0.2 | 0.16 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Mn | 0.9 – 1.5 | 1.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| N | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Altotal Al, killed steel | ≥ 0.02 | 0.03 |
| CrCr+Cu+Mo+Ni ≤ 0.70 | ≤ 0.3 | 0.08 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Nb | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| V | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Fe | balance | — |
P295GH N-16-40 — frequently asked
What is P295GH N-16-40 used for?
P295GH N-16-40 is typically used for boiler plates, pressure vessels, steam drums and process equipment. In short: elevated-temperature vessel plate; Q345R cross-reference; thick sections to 250 mm.
What is the yield strength of P295GH N-16-40?
P295GH N-16-40 has a typical yield strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 505 MPa (73.2 ksi) — weaker than 78% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is P295GH N-16-40 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Machines like ordinary C-Mn plate at ~65 % of AISI 1212; low sulphur makes chips stringy, so use positive-rake coated carbide, generous feed and coolant.
Can P295GH N-16-40 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (88/100). Excellent weldability (CEV typically ≤ 0.40) by SAW/SMAW/GMAW with low-hydrogen consumables; preheat 100–150 °C above ~30 mm and apply PWHT at 550–620 °C where code requires.
What surface finishes work on P295GH N-16-40?
No natural corrosion resistance — shot-blast to Sa 2½ and apply epoxy paint, metallizing or hot-dip galvanizing; stainless weld overlay/roll-bond cladding for corrosive process sides.
Can P295GH N-16-40 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls and presses readily to vessel shells and heads (min bend radius ~1.5–2 t); hot forming 850–950 °C must be followed by re-normalizing at 890–930 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of P295GH N-16-40?
P295GH N-16-40 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between P295GH N-16 and P295GH N-40-60?
N-16 is the default condition — standard stocked condition: normalized thin/medium plate with the full 295 MPa minimum proof strength. N-40-60: heavier shell/tubesheet plate; use when 285 MPa minimum proof strength suffices. Yield strength is 340 MPa in N-16 versus 325 MPa in N-40-60.
Sources
- EN 10028-2 Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- EN 10164 Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface — CEN (2018)
- EN 13445-2/-3 Unfired pressure vessels — Materials / Design — CEN (2021)
- GB/T 713 Steel plates for boilers and pressure vessels (Q345R) — SAC (2014)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19 — Fatigue and Fracture — ASM International (1996)
- Pressure vessel plate grade data (P295GH/1.0481) — European plate mills (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.