Steel P245GH-N (Normalized)
Heat-treated state · default condition
EN P245GH
Standard delivery condition for EN 10028-2 plate, EN 10216-2/10217-2 tube and EN 10222-2 forgings — best combination of toughness and uniform fine grain.
Values for the N condition
Other P245GH tempers and conditions
P245GH is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at P245GH.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
normalized then stress relieved / simulated PWHT | Used when plate must survive vessel PWHT (typ. 580–620 °C) — slightly softened, toughest and most dimensionally stable condition. | 270 | 425 | 32 | 124 HB | 11 % IACS |
NDefaultThis page Normalized | Standard delivery condition for EN 10028-2 plate, EN 10216-2/10217-2 tube and EN 10222-2 forgings — best combination of toughness and uniform fine grain. | 285 | 440 | 30 | 130 HB | — |
as-rolled / hot rolled (thin plate, strip and welded tube base material) | Cheapest condition for thin sections where the rolling schedule already gives fine grain; slightly higher strength, lower and more scattered toughness. | 300 | 455 | 27 | 138 HB | — |
Quenched and tempered | Optional condition for thick EN 10222-2 forgings needing higher through-thickness strength and low-temperature toughness. | 325 | 480 | 26 | 150 HB | 11 % IACS |
What is P245GH-N?
P245GH-N is P245GH heat treated to N — standard delivery condition for EN 10028-2 plate, EN 10216-2/10217-2 tube and EN 10222-2 forgings — best combination of toughness and uniform fine grain. P245GH-N has a yield strength of 285 MPa (41.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 89% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 212 GPa (30.7 Msi). P245GH-N has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F).
Advantages
- High electrical conductivity — 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 30%, better than 93% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 93% of steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 78/100, better than 91% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 285 MPa (41.3 ksi), worse than 89% of steel grades
- Hard to polish — 45/100, worse than 84% of steel grades
P245GH-N properties
Typical room-temperature values for P245GH-N; 13 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are P245GH reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
P245GH-N has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,460°C (2,660 °F).
Mechanical16
P245GH-N has a yield strength of 285 MPa (41.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 89% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 30% and the elastic modulus is 212 GPa (30.7 Msi).
Thermal6
P245GH-N is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 50 W/m·K (28.9 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 87% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.7 µm/m·K (6.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
P245GH-N conducts electricity at 11 % IACS, better than 98% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of P245GH-N takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability7
P245GH-N's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability very good (78/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with P245GH-N
Is P245GH easy to machine?
Machines like ordinary low-carbon steel: gummy chips, use sharp positive-rake carbide, generous coolant and moderate speeds (~120–180 m/min carbide turning).
Can P245GH be welded?
Excellent weldability with SMAW/GMAW/SAW using E7018 or ER70S-6 class consumables; preheat usually unnecessary below ~30 mm, PWHT 580–620 °C per EN 13445/AD 2000 for thick sections.
Can P245GH be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls, dishes and flanges readily (min bend radius ≈1–1.5 t); hot forming 900–1050 °C followed by re-normalizing to restore grain size.
What surface finishes work on P245GH?
No anodizing; shot-blast to Sa 2.5 then epoxy/zinc primer, hot-dip galvanize or phosphate — bare surfaces flash-rust within hours in humid air.
P245GH chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C≤0.20 % for t ≤ 16 mm per EN 10028-2 | ≤ 0.2 | 0.16 |
| Si | ≤ 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.5 – 1.4 | 0.95 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Altotal Al, grain refinement | ≥ 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Cr | ≤ 0.3 | 0.08 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.3 | 0.1 |
| Nb | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| V | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Cr+Cu+Mo+Nisum limit per EN 10028-2 | ≤ 0.7 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
P245GH-N — frequently asked
What is P245GH-N used for?
P245GH-N is typically used for boiler components, pressure vessel flanges, steam drums and heat exchanger shells. In short: stronger than P195GH; code pressure vessel plate; weldable at 440 MPa.
What is the yield strength of P245GH-N?
P245GH-N has a typical yield strength of 285 MPa (41.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 440 MPa (63.8 ksi) — weaker than 89% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is P245GH-N easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Machines like ordinary low-carbon steel: gummy chips, use sharp positive-rake carbide, generous coolant and moderate speeds (~120–180 m/min carbide turning).
Can P245GH-N be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). Excellent weldability with SMAW/GMAW/SAW using E7018 or ER70S-6 class consumables; preheat usually unnecessary below ~30 mm, PWHT 580–620 °C per EN 13445/AD 2000 for thick sections.
What surface finishes work on P245GH-N?
No anodizing; shot-blast to Sa 2.5 then epoxy/zinc primer, hot-dip galvanize or phosphate — bare surfaces flash-rust within hours in humid air.
Can P245GH-N be formed, bent or molded?
Cold rolls, dishes and flanges readily (min bend radius ≈1–1.5 t); hot forming 900–1050 °C followed by re-normalizing to restore grain size.
What is the maximum service temperature of P245GH-N?
P245GH-N is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between P245GH-N and P245GH-QT?
N is the default condition — standard delivery condition for EN 10028-2 plate, EN 10216-2/10217-2 tube and EN 10222-2 forgings — best combination of toughness and uniform fine grain. QT: optional condition for thick EN 10222-2 forgings needing higher through-thickness strength and low-temperature toughness. Yield strength is 285 MPa in N versus 325 MPa in QT.
Sources
- EN 10028-2 Flat products of steels for pressure purposes — Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- EN 10216-2 / EN 10217-2 Seamless and welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — CEN (2013)
- EN 10222-2 Steel forgings for pressure purposes — Ferritic and martensitic steels with specified elevated temperature properties — CEN (2017)
- ASTM A515/A515M Grade 60 — ASTM International (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Mysteel / SMM · — Mysteel (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.