Titanium Grade 3
ASTM Grade 3 · UNS R50550 · EN 3.7055 · GB TA3 · AMS 4900
Grade 3 is unalloyed commercially pure titanium (UNS R50550, 3.7055, TA3) with a higher controlled oxygen level than Grade 2, raising annealed properties to 420 MPa yield, 500 MPa tensile and 20% elongation at about 200 HB (93 HRB).
Values for the O condition
Grade 3 tempers and conditions
Grade 3 is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. O is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ODefault Annealed | Standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, bar and welded tube; best ductility/weldability at the ASTM Grade 3 strength minima. | 420 | 500 | 20 | 200 HB | — |
Hot rolled | Heavy plate, billet and forgings supplied as hot worked (descaled) when a full anneal is not specified; properties close to annealed with more scatter. | 440 | 520 | 19 | 16 HRC | 3.1 % IACS |
Stress relieved | Pick for bar, wire and seamless tube where residual stress must be removed but part of the cold-work strength is retained. | 540 | 620 | 15 | 235 HB | — |
Cold worked | Highest strength and straightness for small-diameter drawn bar, wire and fasteners; low ductility and high residual stress. | 620 | 700 | 12 | 25 HRC | 3 % IACS |
What is Grade 3?
Grade 3 is unalloyed commercially pure titanium (UNS R50550, 3.7055, TA3) with a higher controlled oxygen level than Grade 2, raising annealed properties to 420 MPa yield, 500 MPa tensile and 20% elongation at about 200 HB (93 HRB). Engineers specify it for pressure parts, aerospace bracketry and cryogenic vessels that need more strength than Grade 2 while keeping CP-grade weldability (score 85) and corrosion behaviour; it is available as sheet, plate, bar and forgings. Formability drops to a score of 55 and machinability to 35, and service strength is limited to about 300 °C. Use Grade 2 for deep draws and Grade 4 or Grade 5 when higher strength is required. Grade 3 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F). Grade 3 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
What is Grade 3 used for?
- Aerospace bracketry
- Cryogenic vessels
- Pressure vessel shells and heads
- Chemical process piping and flanges
- Heat exchanger plates
- Marine and offshore fittings
- Airframe sheet metal details
Advantages
- Easy to machine — 35/100, better than 78% of titanium grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades
Grade 3 properties
Typical room-temperature values for Grade 3-O; bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Grade 3 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,660°C (3,020 °F).
Mechanical16
Grade 3 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Grade 3 is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 16.4 W/m·K (9.48 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Grade 3 conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 53% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Grade 3 takes about 690 MJ of energy and emits 46 kg of CO₂ — more than 57% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Grade 3's machinability is fair (35/100, better than 78% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the titanium family
Yield strength against density for every titanium grade FabDigit runs. Grade 3 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Grade 3
Is Grade 3 easy to machine?
Use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated tools, low surface speed (~30–50 m/min) with heavy positive feed and flood coolant; never dwell, and control chips/dust for fire risk.
Can Grade 3 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Gr3 or ERTi-3 filler, provided the weld and heat-affected zone are shielded to below ~400 °C with clean argon/helium and surfaces are degreased.
Can Grade 3 be formed, bent or molded?
Form with generous bend radii (≈3–4 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C markedly improves formability versus room temperature.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit's quote engine applies to Grade 3. Design inside these and the part quotes instantly; outside them it routes to an engineer.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Fair35 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | S.4 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 90 / 110 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 1 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1.5 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 4.5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Better55 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Better85 / 100 |
| Bendable | Yes |
Grade 3 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ooxygen level sets the Grade 3 strength class | ≤ 0.35 | 0.3 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.05 | 0.02 |
| H0.0125 % max for bar/billet per ASTM B348 | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Other, eachresidual elements | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Others, total | ≤ 0.4 | |
| Ti | balance |
What surface finishes work on Grade 3?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case and scale; anodizing or thermal oxidation gives colour and anti-galling films, and shot peening or CVD/PVD coatings are used where wear matters.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on titanium parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Conversion Coating
Organic Coating
CVD Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Titanium Grade 3 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- R50550
- AMS
- 4900
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 3.7055
- GB (China)
- TA3
- Trade names
- CP Ti
How much does Grade 3 cost?
Grade 3 is a specialty-cost titanium ($$$$$), pricier than about 99% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Grade 3 — frequently asked
What is Grade 3 used for?
Grade 3 is typically used for aerospace bracketry, cryogenic vessels, pressure vessel shells and heads, chemical process piping and flanges, heat exchanger plates and marine and offshore fittings. In short: higher-strength CP titanium.
What is the yield strength of Grade 3?
Grade 3 has a typical yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 500 MPa (72.5 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is Grade 3 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (35/100, better than 78% of titanium grades). Use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated tools, low surface speed (~30–50 m/min) with heavy positive feed and flood coolant; never dwell, and control chips/dust for fire risk.
Can Grade 3 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Gr3 or ERTi-3 filler, provided the weld and heat-affected zone are shielded to below ~400 °C with clean argon/helium and surfaces are degreased.
What surface finishes work on Grade 3?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case and scale; anodizing or thermal oxidation gives colour and anti-galling films, and shot peening or CVD/PVD coatings are used where wear matters.
Can Grade 3 be formed, bent or molded?
Form with generous bend radii (≈3–4 t) and allow for high springback; warm forming at 200–400 °C markedly improves formability versus room temperature.
What is the maximum service temperature of Grade 3?
Grade 3 is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Grade 3-O and Grade 3-CW?
O is the default condition — standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, bar and welded tube; best ductility/weldability at the ASTM Grade 3 strength minima. CW: highest strength and straightness for small-diameter drawn bar, wire and fasteners; low ductility and high residual stress. Yield strength is 420 MPa in O versus 620 MPa in CW.
How much does Grade 3 cost?
Grade 3 is a specialty-cost titanium ($$$$$), pricier than about 99% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in Grade 3?
Yes — Grade 3 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet and Plate — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM B348 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM (2021)
- AMS 4900 — Titanium Sheet, Strip and Plate, Commercially Pure — SAE International (2018)
- GB/T 3621 — (TA3) — SAC (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 13B — Corrosion: Materials — ASM International (2005)
- Commercially pure titanium Grade 1–4 property sheets — Titanium mill/distributor datasheets (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.