Titanium Grade 27
ASTM Grade 27 · UNS R52254
Grade 27 (UNS R52254) is a ruthenium-alloyed commercially pure titanium on the Grade 1 base, developed as a palladium-free replacement for Grade 17 that combines Grade 1 ductility with improved resistance to reducing acids.
Reference datasheet — Grade 27 is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the ANN condition
Grade 27 tempers and conditions
Grade 27 is supplied in 4 conditions, soft to hard. ANN is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNDefault Annealed | Standard stocked condition for corrosion equipment: maximum ductility and formability, meets ASTM B265/B338/B348 Grade 27 minima. | 230 | 330 | 32 | 120 HB | — |
As-welded deposit | Reference condition for welded pipe/vessel joints — weld metal is slightly stronger and less ductile than base metal, corrosion behaviour essentially unchanged. | 260 | 350 | 22 | 143 HB | 3.1 % IACS |
Cold worked + stress relieved | Use for cold-formed or machined parts where residual stress must be removed while keeping most of the cold-work strength. | 390 | 470 | 18 | 9 HRC | 3 % IACS |
Cold worked | Pick when higher strength/stiffness in small sections is needed and residual formability is not required. | 450 | 520 | 14 | 190 HB | — |
What is Grade 27?
Grade 27 (UNS R52254) is a ruthenium-alloyed commercially pure titanium on the Grade 1 base, developed as a palladium-free replacement for Grade 17 that combines Grade 1 ductility with improved resistance to reducing acids. Annealed material gives 230 MPa yield, 330 MPa tensile and 32% elongation at about 120 HB (70 HRB), with service to 315 °C, and scores 96 for corrosion resistance, 92 for weldability and 88 for formability. It is intended for formed and welded corrosion hardware rather than load-bearing structure, and machinability remains poor (40). Grade 17 is the palladium-alloyed equivalent; Grade 26 is the higher-strength ruthenium option. Grade 27 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,665°C (3,029 °F). Grade 27 has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 93% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
What is Grade 27 used for?
- Formed chemical process tanks
- Welded process piping and spools
- Thin-wall heat exchanger tubing
- Vessel linings and cladding
- Dished heads and spun components
- Bellows and diaphragms
- Scrubber and stack liner sheet
Advantages
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 32%, better than 98% of titanium grades
- Readily welded — 92/100, better than 97% of titanium grades
- Forms and bends easily — 88/100, better than 94% of titanium grades
- Easy to machine — 40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 85 MPa·√m (77.4 ksi·√in), better than 91% of titanium grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 230 MPa (33.4 ksi), worse than 93% of titanium grades
Grade 27 properties
Typical room-temperature values for Grade 27-ANN; bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Grade 27 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,665°C (3,029 °F).
Mechanical16
Grade 27 has a yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 93% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 32% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Grade 27 is rated for continuous service to 315°C (599 °F). It conducts heat at 16.4 W/m·K (9.48 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 71% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.6 µm/m·K (4.78 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Grade 27 conducts electricity at 3.1 % IACS, better than 75% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (96/100), better than 92% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Grade 27 takes about 680 MJ of energy and emits 42 kg of CO₂ — more than 51% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Grade 27's machinability is fair (40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (92/100); formability excellent (88/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the titanium family
Yield strength against density for every titanium grade FabDigit runs. Grade 27 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Grade 27
Is Grade 27 easy to machine?
Machine like CP Ti Grade 1: sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tools, low surface speed (30–50 m/min), heavy positive rake, generous flood coolant, avoid dwelling — gummy chips and galling are the main issues; keep chips away from ignition sources.
Can Grade 27 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Grade 27 or CP Ti filler; requires trailing shield and back purge to keep weld and HAZ below ~200 ppm oxygen pickup (bright silver bead), no preheat or PWHT needed.
Can Grade 27 be formed, bent or molded?
Very ductile — cold bend radii down to ~2t in thin sheet, deep drawing and roll forming feasible; allow for high springback and lubricate to prevent galling, warm form at 200–350 °C for tight radii.
Grade 27 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Ruruthenium cathodic modifier | 0.08 – 0.14 | 0.1 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.2 | 0.08 |
| OGrade 1 base oxygen limit | ≤ 0.18 | 0.1 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| H0.0125 % max for some product forms | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Residuals (each)total residuals 0.4 % max | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Ti | balance |
What surface finishes work on Grade 27?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case after hot work, then passivate; colour anodizing (AMS 2488 Type II) and shot peening are common; avoid iron contamination from steel tooling and use dedicated grinding media.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on titanium parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Titanium Grade 27 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- R52254
How much does Grade 27 cost?
Grade 27 is a high-cost titanium ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Grade 27 — frequently asked
What is Grade 27 used for?
Grade 27 is typically used for formed chemical process tanks, welded process piping and spools, thin-wall heat exchanger tubing, vessel linings and cladding, dished heads and spun components and bellows and diaphragms. In short: palladium-free Grade 17 substitute; top corrosion resistance rating; ductile, highly weldable titanium.
What is the yield strength of Grade 27?
Grade 27 has a typical yield strength of 230 MPa (33.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 330 MPa (47.9 ksi) — weaker than 93% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is Grade 27 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, better than 93% of titanium grades). Machine like CP Ti Grade 1: sharp uncoated-carbide or PVD tools, low surface speed (30–50 m/min), heavy positive rake, generous flood coolant, avoid dwelling — gummy chips and galling are the main issues; keep chips away from ignition sources.
Can Grade 27 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (92/100). Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Grade 27 or CP Ti filler; requires trailing shield and back purge to keep weld and HAZ below ~200 ppm oxygen pickup (bright silver bead), no preheat or PWHT needed.
What surface finishes work on Grade 27?
Pickle in HNO₃/HF to remove alpha case after hot work, then passivate; colour anodizing (AMS 2488 Type II) and shot peening are common; avoid iron contamination from steel tooling and use dedicated grinding media.
Can Grade 27 be formed, bent or molded?
Very ductile — cold bend radii down to ~2t in thin sheet, deep drawing and roll forming feasible; allow for high springback and lubricate to prevent galling, warm form at 200–350 °C for tight radii.
What is the maximum service temperature of Grade 27?
Grade 27 is rated for continuous use to about 315°C (599 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Grade 27-ANN and Grade 27-CW?
ANN is the default condition — standard stocked condition for corrosion equipment: maximum ductility and formability, meets ASTM B265/B338/B348 Grade 27 minima. CW: pick when higher strength/stiffness in small sections is needed and residual formability is not required. Yield strength is 230 MPa in ANN versus 450 MPa in CW.
How much does Grade 27 cost?
Grade 27 is a high-cost titanium ($$$$), pricier than about 78% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM International (2020)
- ASTM B348/B348M — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM International (2021)
- ASTM B338 — Seamless and Welded Titanium Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers — ASTM International (2021)
- ASTM B861/B862 — Titanium Pipe (seamless / welded) — ASTM International (2022)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials — ASM International (1990)
- Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys — ASM International (1994)
- Titanium corrosion-resistant grades (Gr.7/11/16/17/26/27) technical data — TIMET / Baoji Titanium Industry (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.