Titanium Grade 12
ASTM Grade 12 · UNS R53400 · EN 3.7105 · GB TA10
Grade 12 (UNS R53400, 3.7105, TA10) is a titanium–molybdenum–nickel alloy — nominally Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni — supplied in the same product forms as the commercially pure grades: sheet, plate, tube and bar.
Values for the O condition
Grade 12 tempers and conditions
Grade 12 is supplied in 2 conditions, soft to hard. O is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 2 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ODefault Annealed | Standard supply condition for plate, sheet, bar, welded and seamless tube — best combination of ductility, weldability and corrosion resistance. | 420 | 550 | 22 | 200 HB | — |
Cold worked and stress relieved | Pick for cold-drawn tube, bar or fasteners where higher strength and better dimensional/straightness control matter more than maximum ductility. | 570 | 660 | 15 | 22 HRC | 3.3 % IACS |
What is Grade 12?
Grade 12 (UNS R53400, 3.7105, TA10) is a titanium–molybdenum–nickel alloy — nominally Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni — supplied in the same product forms as the commercially pure grades: sheet, plate, tube and bar. It delivers 420 MPa yield, 550 MPa tensile and 22% elongation at about 200 HB (93 HRB), with crevice-corrosion resistance better than CP grades (corrosion score 93) and service to 315 °C. Engineers use it as an economical alternative to Grade 7 (Ti-Pd) in hot chloride and reducing-acid service. Machinability is poor (score 30) and cost sits above CP Grade 2, which remains the choice where crevice attack is not a concern. Grade 12 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,650°C (3,002 °F). Grade 12 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
What is Grade 12 used for?
- Shell-and-tube heat exchanger tubing
- Chemical process piping and fittings
- Plate heat exchanger plates
- Pressure vessel and reactor linings
- Brine and desalination equipment
- Pulp bleaching plant components
- Geothermal and offshore process hardware
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 19 W/m·K (11 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of titanium grades
- High electrical conductivity — 3.3 % IACS, better than 92% of titanium grades
Grade 12 properties
Typical room-temperature values for Grade 12-O; bars are the position among titanium grades.
Physical3
Grade 12 has a density of 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³), heavier than 57% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,650°C (3,002 °F).
Mechanical16
Grade 12 has a yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 22% and the elastic modulus is 103 GPa (14.9 Msi).
Thermal6
Grade 12 is rated for continuous service to 315°C (599 °F). It conducts heat at 19 W/m·K (11 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 93% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 9.5 µm/m·K (5.28 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Grade 12 conducts electricity at 3.3 % IACS, better than 92% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (93/100), better than 72% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Grade 12 takes about 700 MJ of energy and emits 42 kg of CO₂ — more than 74% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
Grade 12's machinability is poor (30/100, better than 64% of titanium grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability good (55/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the titanium family
Yield strength against density for every titanium grade FabDigit runs. Grade 12 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with Grade 12
Is Grade 12 easy to machine?
Machine like CP titanium but slower: rigid setup, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated inserts, low surface speed (~30-50 m/min), heavy feed, copious chlorine-free flood coolant, never dwell — chips are pyrophoric and the alloy galls.
Can Grade 12 be welded?
Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Gr12 filler; requires trailing/backing argon shielding or chamber, weld metal below 100 ppm oxygen pick-up, and clean silver-white bead colour as the acceptance check.
Can Grade 12 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms similarly to Grade 2 with generous bend radii (≈2.5-3 t) and allowance for springback; hot form or size at 480-650 °C, and stress relieve 480-595 °C after heavy cold work.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit's quote engine applies to Grade 12. Design inside these and the part quotes instantly; outside them it routes to an engineer.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Fair30 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | S.3 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 60 / 75 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 1 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1.5 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 4× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Better55 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Better85 / 100 |
Grade 12 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Mo | 0.2 – 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Ni | 0.6 – 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Fe | ≤ 0.3 | |
| O | ≤ 0.25 | |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | |
| N | ≤ 0.03 | |
| Hmax (sheet/plate basis) | ≤ 0.02 | |
| Residuals, eachmax each | ≤ 0.1 | |
| Residuals, totalmax total | ≤ 0.4 | |
| Ti | balance |
What surface finishes work on Grade 12?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case, then colour anodize (AMS 2488 type II) or oxidize/nitride for anti-galling; no plating needed for corrosion service.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on titanium parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Passivation
Conversion Coating
Organic Coating
CVD Coating
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Titanium Grade 12 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- R53400
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 3.7105
- GB (China)
- TA10
- Trade names
- Ti-Mo-Ni
How much does Grade 12 cost?
Grade 12 is a specialty-cost titanium ($$$$$), pricier than about 99% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Grade 12 — frequently asked
What is Grade 12 used for?
Grade 12 is typically used for shell-and-tube heat exchanger tubing, chemical process piping and fittings, plate heat exchanger plates, pressure vessel and reactor linings, brine and desalination equipment and pulp bleaching plant components. In short: corrosion-resistant Ti-Mo-Ni.
What is the yield strength of Grade 12?
Grade 12 has a typical yield strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 68% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 2 listed tempers.
Is Grade 12 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (30/100, better than 64% of titanium grades). Machine like CP titanium but slower: rigid setup, sharp uncoated-carbide or coated inserts, low surface speed (~30-50 m/min), heavy feed, copious chlorine-free flood coolant, never dwell — chips are pyrophoric and the alloy galls.
Can Grade 12 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent GTAW/PAW/EBW weldability with matching Gr12 filler; requires trailing/backing argon shielding or chamber, weld metal below 100 ppm oxygen pick-up, and clean silver-white bead colour as the acceptance check.
What surface finishes work on Grade 12?
Pickle in HNO3/HF after hot work to remove alpha case, then colour anodize (AMS 2488 type II) or oxidize/nitride for anti-galling; no plating needed for corrosion service.
Can Grade 12 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms similarly to Grade 2 with generous bend radii (≈2.5-3 t) and allowance for springback; hot form or size at 480-650 °C, and stress relieve 480-595 °C after heavy cold work.
What is the maximum service temperature of Grade 12?
Grade 12 is rated for continuous use to about 315°C (599 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Grade 12-O and Grade 12 CWSR?
O is the default condition — standard supply condition for plate, sheet, bar, welded and seamless tube — best combination of ductility, weldability and corrosion resistance. CWSR: pick for cold-drawn tube, bar or fasteners where higher strength and better dimensional/straightness control matter more than maximum ductility. Yield strength is 420 MPa in O versus 570 MPa in CWSR.
How much does Grade 12 cost?
Grade 12 is a specialty-cost titanium ($$$$$), pricier than about 99% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in Grade 12?
Yes — Grade 12 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM B265 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM B348 — Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets — ASTM (2021)
- ASTM B338 — Seamless and Welded Titanium Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers — ASTM (2017)
- ASTM B861 / B862 — Titanium Seamless and Welded Pipe — ASTM (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.13B — Corrosion: Materials (Titanium) — ASM International (2005)
- TIMETAL Code-12 / RMI Titanium Grade 12 alloy data — TIMET / RMI Titanium (2018)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.