Steel S235J0 +AR (Hot rolled)
Heat-treated state · default condition
EN S235J0
Standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures.
Values for the +AR condition
Other S235J0 tempers and conditions
S235J0 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at S235J0.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ARDefaultThis page Hot rolled | Standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures. | 245 | 420 | 28 | 120 HB | — |
Normalized | Choose for thick plate, uniform fine grain and the most reliable 0 °C impact values after forming or flame cutting. | 255 | 420 | 30 | 115 HB | 10.8 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Pick for close-tolerance shafts, pins and machined parts where the drawn surface and higher strength are wanted. | 420 | 500 | 12 | 160 HB | 10.5 % IACS |
What is S235J0 +AR?
S235J0 +AR is S235J0 heat treated to +AR — standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures. S235J0 +AR has a yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). S235J0 +AR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 52 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 95/100, better than 97% of steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 85/100, better than 96% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 40/100, worse than 96% of steel grades
- Low strength — 245 MPa (35.5 ksi), worse than 95% of steel grades
S235J0 +AR properties
Typical room-temperature values for S235J0 +AR; 10 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are S235J0 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
S235J0 +AR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical16
S235J0 +AR has a yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
S235J0 +AR is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 52 W/m·K (30 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 98% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
S235J0 +AR conducts electricity at 10.8 % IACS, better than 94% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (10/100), worse than 86% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of S235J0 +AR takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
S235J0 +AR's machinability is good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades); weldability excellent (95/100); formability excellent (85/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with S235J0 +AR
Is S235J0 easy to machine?
Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tools, generous coolant and moderate speeds to avoid built-up edge; cold-drawn bar chips better than as-rolled.
Can S235J0 be welded?
Excellent with SMAW/GMAW/FCAW/SAW using E7018/ER70S-6 class consumables; CEV ≤0.35 means no preheat below ~30 mm, keep hydrogen low on thick restrained joints.
Can S235J0 be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and press-braked (typical minimum bend radius 0.5–1.5 t, transverse to rolling direction preferred); hot forms easily at 900–1200 °C.
What surface finishes work on S235J0?
No anodizing; protect by shot-blast + zinc-rich primer/paint, hot-dip galvanizing or phosphate + e-coat — bare surfaces rust within days outdoors.
S235J0 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Cladle analysis, t ≤ 40 mm (EN 10025-2) | ≤ 0.17 | 0.15 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.4 | 0.6 |
| Sinot specified by EN 10025-2 for S235 | ≈ 0.2 | 0.2 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| Nlimit waived if sufficient N-binding elements present | ≤ 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.55 | 0.15 |
| FeCEV ≤ 0.35 for t ≤ 30 mm | balance | — |
S235J0 +AR — frequently asked
What is S235J0 +AR used for?
S235J0 +AR is typically used for structural steel beams, building frames, bridges and general fabrication. In short: low-cost weldable structural steel; 27 J toughness at 0 °C; excellent cold formability.
What is the yield strength of S235J0 +AR?
S235J0 +AR has a typical yield strength of 245 MPa (35.5 ksi) and a tensile strength of 420 MPa (60.9 ksi) — weaker than 95% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is S235J0 +AR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (60/100, better than 83% of steel grades). Soft and gummy — use sharp positive-rake tools, generous coolant and moderate speeds to avoid built-up edge; cold-drawn bar chips better than as-rolled.
Can S235J0 +AR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (95/100). Excellent with SMAW/GMAW/FCAW/SAW using E7018/ER70S-6 class consumables; CEV ≤0.35 means no preheat below ~30 mm, keep hydrogen low on thick restrained joints.
What surface finishes work on S235J0 +AR?
No anodizing; protect by shot-blast + zinc-rich primer/paint, hot-dip galvanizing or phosphate + e-coat — bare surfaces rust within days outdoors.
Can S235J0 +AR be formed, bent or molded?
Readily cold bent, rolled and press-braked (typical minimum bend radius 0.5–1.5 t, transverse to rolling direction preferred); hot forms easily at 900–1200 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of S235J0 +AR?
S235J0 +AR is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between S235J0 +AR and S235J0-CD?
+AR is the default condition — standard, cheapest stock condition for plate, sections and merchant bar in general welded structures. CD: pick for close-tolerance shafts, pins and machined parts where the drawn surface and higher strength are wanted. Yield strength is 245 MPa in +AR versus 420 MPa in CD.
Sources
- EN 10025-2 Hot rolled products of structural steels — Non-alloy structural steels — CEN (2019)
- GB/T 700 (Q235C) — SAC (2006)
- EN 10277 Bright steel products — Technical delivery conditions — CEN (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — CEN (2005)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.