Steel A182 F36-CL1
Grade
ASTM A182 F36 · UNS K21001
CL1 = class 1
Lower-strength, highest-toughness option for thick flanges and fittings where ductility and weldability matter more than strength.
Values for the CL1 condition
Other A182 F36 tempers and conditions
A182 F36 is listed in 3 conditions; see the grade overview at A182 F36.
Compare all 3 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Annealed | Occasionally supplied soft for heavy machining or re-forging, with final N+T or Q&T applied afterwards to meet A182 properties. | 350 | 540 | 30 | 150 HB | 8 % IACS |
CL1This page Class 1 | Lower-strength, highest-toughness option for thick flanges and fittings where ductility and weldability matter more than strength. | 465 | 620 | 25 | 180 HB | — |
CL2Default Class 2 | Standard high-strength condition for pressure-rated flanges, hubs and fittings needing 515 MPa minimum yield with low-temperature toughness. | 570 | 690 | 22 | 18 HRC | — |
What is A182 F36-CL1?
A182 F36-CL1 is A182 F36 in the CL1 grade — lower-strength, highest-toughness option for thick flanges and fittings where ductility and weldability matter more than strength. A182 F36-CL1 has a yield strength of 465 MPa (67.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — stronger than 56% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 25% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). A182 F36-CL1 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). CL2 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; CL1 is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- Tough — resists crack growth — 180 MPa·√m (163.8 ksi·√in), better than 99% of steel grades
- Easy to machine — 62/100, better than 89% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 25%, better than 77% of steel grades
- Readily welded — 74/100, better than 76% of steel grades
A182 F36-CL1 properties
Typical room-temperature values for A182 F36-CL1; 15 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are A182 F36 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
A182 F36-CL1 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical17
A182 F36-CL1 has a yield strength of 465 MPa (67.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — stronger than 56% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 25% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
A182 F36-CL1 is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
A182 F36-CL1 conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 57% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of A182 F36-CL1 takes about 26 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 64% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
A182 F36-CL1's machinability is good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades); weldability very good (74/100); formability fair (50/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with A182 F36-CL1
Is A182 F36 easy to machine?
Machines like a 4130-class low-alloy steel at ~55–65 % of 1212; use rigid setups, coated carbide, 120–180 m/min turning in Q&T condition and expect gummy chips in the annealed state.
Can A182 F36 be welded?
Readily weldable with low-hydrogen E80xx/ER80S consumables; preheat 100–150 °C for heavy sections and apply PWHT at 595–650 °C to restore HAZ toughness for -46 °C service.
Can A182 F36 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1230 °C with finish above ~900 °C, then normalize/quench and temper; cold forming is limited to gentle bends because of the high yield strength.
What surface finishes work on A182 F36?
No anodizing — protect by shot blast + zinc-rich epoxy, hot-dip galvanizing (watch for hydrogen/liquid-metal embrittlement risk on Q&T parts), phosphating or electroless nickel; polishes to a moderate mirror but corrodes rapidly bare.
A182 F36 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Clow carbon for weldability and toughness | 0.1 – 0.17 | 0.14 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.2 | 1 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Smax; often restricted to 0.010 for impact grades | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Nitoughness at low temperature | 0.25 – 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Mohardenability / temper resistance | 0.45 – 0.65 | 0.55 |
| Crresidual limit | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Curesidual limit | ≤ 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Nbgrain refinement | 0.02 – 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Vmicroalloy addition | ≤ 0.08 | 0.04 |
| Bhardenability, when specified | ≤ 0 | 0 |
| Fe | balance | — |
A182 F36-CL1 — frequently asked
What is A182 F36-CL1 used for?
A182 F36-CL1 is typically used for cold-service flanges, fittings requiring guaranteed low-temperature impact toughness, valve bodies for low-temperature piping, weld-neck flanges for pipeline connections, pressure vessel nozzles in cold service and forged pipe couplings for impact-critical lines. In short: toughness-rated forging grade; high yield C-Mn steel; qualified for −46 °C service.
What is the yield strength of A182 F36-CL1?
A182 F36-CL1 has a typical yield strength of 465 MPa (67.4 ksi) and a tensile strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) — stronger than 56% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 3 listed tempers.
Is A182 F36-CL1 easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (62/100, better than 89% of steel grades). Machines like a 4130-class low-alloy steel at ~55–65 % of 1212; use rigid setups, coated carbide, 120–180 m/min turning in Q&T condition and expect gummy chips in the annealed state.
Can A182 F36-CL1 be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (74/100). Readily weldable with low-hydrogen E80xx/ER80S consumables; preheat 100–150 °C for heavy sections and apply PWHT at 595–650 °C to restore HAZ toughness for -46 °C service.
What surface finishes work on A182 F36-CL1?
No anodizing — protect by shot blast + zinc-rich epoxy, hot-dip galvanizing (watch for hydrogen/liquid-metal embrittlement risk on Q&T parts), phosphating or electroless nickel; polishes to a moderate mirror but corrodes rapidly bare.
Can A182 F36-CL1 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1230 °C with finish above ~900 °C, then normalize/quench and temper; cold forming is limited to gentle bends because of the high yield strength.
What is the maximum service temperature of A182 F36-CL1?
A182 F36-CL1 is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between A182 F36-CL2 and A182 F36-ANN?
CL2 is the default condition — standard high-strength condition for pressure-rated flanges, hubs and fittings needing 515 MPa minimum yield with low-temperature toughness. ANN: occasionally supplied soft for heavy machining or re-forging, with final N+T or Q&T applied afterwards to meet A182 properties. Yield strength is 570 MPa in CL2 versus 350 MPa in ANN.
Sources
- ASTM A182/A182M — Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service — ASTM International (2023)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Material Properties (physical property tables, low-alloy ferritic steels) — ASME (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASTM A370 — Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products (hardness conversions) — ASTM International (2022)
- UNS K21001 alloy record (Metals & Alloys in the Unified Numbering System) — SAE/ASTM (2017)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.