Steel A182 F5 Annealed
Temper
ASTM A182 F5 · UNS K41545 · EN X15CrMo5-1
Choose for rough machining of large forgings or when the lowest hardness (≤187 HB) is specified.
Values for the Annealed condition
Other A182 F5 tempers and conditions
A182 F5 is listed in 4 conditions; see the grade overview at A182 F5.
Compare all 4 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AnnealedThis page full anneal / isothermal anneal for maximum machinability | Choose for rough machining of large forgings or when the lowest hardness (≤187 HB) is specified. | 310 | 520 | 28 | 160 HB | — |
N+TDefault Normalized and tempered | Standard supply condition for F5 flanges, fittings and valve bodies in refinery hot piping. | 380 | 550 | 25 | 170 HB | — |
Quenched and tempered | Used for heavy-wall valve bodies and pressure parts needing higher yield strength with tempered-martensite toughness. | 470 | 640 | 22 | 18 HRC | — |
High-strength 5Cr-0.5Mo grade | Same chemistry family but heat treated to the higher A182 F5a strength/hardness band (187–248 HB) for compact high-pressure fittings. | 520 | 690 | 24 | 21 HRC | — |
What is A182 F5 Annealed?
A182 F5 Annealed is A182 F5 in the Annealed temper — choose for rough machining of large forgings or when the lowest hardness (≤187 HB) is specified. A182 F5 Annealed has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). A182 F5 Annealed has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 91% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). N+T is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Annealed is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 620°C (1,148 °F), better than 99% of steel grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 28/100, better than 94% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 28%, better than 89% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low electrical conductivity — 3.8 % IACS, worse than 84% of steel grades
- Low strength — 310 MPa (45 ksi), worse than 83% of steel grades
A182 F5 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for A182 F5 Annealed; 10 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are A182 F5 reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
A182 F5 Annealed has a density of 7.78 g/cm³ (0.281 lb/in³), lighter than 91% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical16
A182 F5 Annealed has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 28% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
A182 F5 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 620°C (1,148 °F). It conducts heat at 36 W/m·K (20.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 73% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.3 µm/m·K (6.28 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
A182 F5 Annealed conducts electricity at 3.8 % IACS, worse than 84% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is poor (28/100), better than 94% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of A182 F5 Annealed takes about 34 MJ of energy and emits 2.4 kg of CO₂ — more than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
A182 F5 Annealed's machinability is good (57/100, better than 71% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability fair (48/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with A182 F5 Annealed
Is A182 F5 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or N+T state with rigid setups, carbide tooling and moderate speeds (~60–90 m/min); the 5 % Cr gives stringy chips and work-hardened surfaces, so avoid dwelling and use ample coolant.
Can A182 F5 be welded?
Weld with matching 5Cr-0.5Mo (E8018-B6 / ER80S-B6) filler, preheat 200–260 °C, keep interpass ≥200 °C, and PWHT at 700–760 °C; slow-cool to prevent untempered martensite and hydrogen cracking.
Can A182 F5 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1050–1180 °C with finishing above 900 °C, then normalize/temper; cold forming is limited because the alloy air-hardens.
What surface finishes work on A182 F5?
Not anodizable — protect with high-temperature aluminium/silicone paint, aluminizing or chromizing; phosphate or oil for storage since the alloy rusts in humid air.
A182 F5 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C0.15 max | ≤ 0.15 | 0.12 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Si | ≤ 0.5 | 0.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | 0.02 |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Cr | 4 – 6 | 5 |
| Mo | 0.44 – 0.65 | 0.55 |
| Ni0.50 max | ≤ 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Fe | balance | — |
A182 F5 Annealed — frequently asked
What is A182 F5 Annealed used for?
A182 F5 Annealed is typically used for refinery hot-service flanges, valve bodies and catalytic reformer piping fittings. In short: refinery 5Cr hot-service standard; oxidation resistance to 620 °C; weldable with strict PWHT.
What is the yield strength of A182 F5 Annealed?
A182 F5 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 4 listed tempers.
Is A182 F5 Annealed easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (57/100, better than 71% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or N+T state with rigid setups, carbide tooling and moderate speeds (~60–90 m/min); the 5 % Cr gives stringy chips and work-hardened surfaces, so avoid dwelling and use ample coolant.
Can A182 F5 Annealed be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Weld with matching 5Cr-0.5Mo (E8018-B6 / ER80S-B6) filler, preheat 200–260 °C, keep interpass ≥200 °C, and PWHT at 700–760 °C; slow-cool to prevent untempered martensite and hydrogen cracking.
What surface finishes work on A182 F5 Annealed?
Not anodizable — protect with high-temperature aluminium/silicone paint, aluminizing or chromizing; phosphate or oil for storage since the alloy rusts in humid air.
Can A182 F5 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1050–1180 °C with finishing above 900 °C, then normalize/temper; cold forming is limited because the alloy air-hardens.
What is the maximum service temperature of A182 F5 Annealed?
A182 F5 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 620°C (1,148 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between A182 F5 N+T and A182 F5-F5a?
N+T is the default condition — standard supply condition for F5 flanges, fittings and valve bodies in refinery hot piping. F5a: same chemistry family but heat treated to the higher A182 F5a strength/hardness band (187–248 HB) for compact high-pressure fittings. Yield strength is 380 MPa in N+T versus 520 MPa in F5a.
Sources
- ASTM A182/A182M — Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A335/A335M — Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service (Grade P5) — ASTM International (2022)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Material Properties (Metric) — ASME (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- API RP 941 — Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures — API (2016)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.