Steel A182 F3VCb-ANN (Annealed)
Heat-treated state
ASTM A182 F3VCb · UNS K31390
Non-code intermediate condition for rough machining or repair of large forgings before final quench and temper.
Values for the ANN condition
Other A182 F3VCb tempers and conditions
A182 F3VCb is listed in 5 conditions; see the grade overview at A182 F3VCb.
Compare all 5 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANNThis page Annealed | Non-code intermediate condition for rough machining or repair of large forgings before final quench and temper. | 350 | 550 | 25 | 170 HB | 7.8 % IACS |
normalized and tempered | Used for lighter sections or where full quench hardenability is not needed; slightly lower strength and toughness than Q&T. | 470 | 620 | 23 | 12 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T + simulated PWHT (min/max soak, e.g. 705 °C × 20–40 h) | Test-coupon condition required by API 934-A for heavy-wall reactor forgings; properties after full fabrication PWHT cycles. | 480 | 620 | 23 | 12 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
Q&T + step-cooled | Step-cooled test condition used to verify the J-factor/X-bar temper-embrittlement resistance of the heat; strength unchanged, toughness transition shift measured. | 500 | 640 | 22 | 14 HRC | 7.8 % IACS |
QTDefault Quenched and tempered | Standard code-supply condition for heavy hydroprocessing reactor and pressure-vessel forgings. | 515 | 655 | 22 | 200 HB | — |
What is A182 F3VCb-ANN?
A182 F3VCb-ANN is A182 F3VCb heat treated to ANN — non-code intermediate condition for rough machining or repair of large forgings before final quench and temper. A182 F3VCb-ANN has a yield strength of 350 MPa (50.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 74% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 25% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi). A182 F3VCb-ANN has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F). QT is the default condition FabDigit quotes; ANN is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 540°C (1,004 °F), better than 93% of steel grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 25/100, better than 92% of steel grades
- Tough — resists crack growth — 130 MPa·√m (118.3 ksi·√in), better than 89% of steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 25%, better than 77% of steel grades
A182 F3VCb-ANN properties
Typical room-temperature values for A182 F3VCb-ANN; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are A182 F3VCb reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
A182 F3VCb-ANN has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,450°C (2,642 °F).
Mechanical15
A182 F3VCb-ANN has a yield strength of 350 MPa (50.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 74% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 25% and the elastic modulus is 210 GPa (30.5 Msi).
Thermal6
A182 F3VCb-ANN is rated for continuous service to 540°C (1,004 °F). It conducts heat at 37 W/m·K (21.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 71% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
A182 F3VCb-ANN has an electrical resistivity of 2.2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is poor (25/100), better than 92% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of A182 F3VCb-ANN takes about 32 MJ of energy and emits 2.3 kg of CO₂ — more than 70% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability8
A182 F3VCb-ANN's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (50/100); formability fair (40/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with A182 F3VCb-ANN
Is A182 F3VCb easy to machine?
Machines like Q&T 4140 at ~200 HB — rigid setups, carbide inserts, 60–120 m/min; leave stock for final PWHT distortion on heavy forgings.
Can A182 F3VCb be welded?
SAW/SMAW with matching 3Cr-1Mo-V filler, 200–250 °C preheat/interpass, strict low-hydrogen control, DHT after welding and mandatory 690–710 °C PWHT; check J-factor and weld X-bar limits.
Can A182 F3VCb be formed, bent or molded?
Supplied hot-forged from ingot with controlled finish temperature; not a cold-forming grade — reheat above 950 °C for any shaping.
What surface finishes work on A182 F3VCb?
Internal surfaces normally clad with 309L/347 stainless weld overlay; external surfaces shot-blasted and coated with high-temperature aluminum/silicone paint under insulation.
A182 F3VCb chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.1 – 0.15 | 0.13 |
| Mn | 0.3 – 0.6 | 0.45 |
| Pkept low for temper-embrittlement control (J-factor) | ≤ 0.02 | 0.01 |
| S | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Silow Si limits X-bar embrittlement | ≤ 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Cr | 2.7 – 3.3 | 3 |
| Mo | 0.9 – 1.1 | 1 |
| V | 0.2 – 0.3 | 0.25 |
| Nblisted as Cb in ASTM | 0.02 – 0.07 | 0.04 |
| Cacalcium treatment for inclusion shape control | 5×10⁻⁴ – 0.02 | 0 |
| Ti | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| B | ≤ 0 | 5×10⁻⁴ |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 | 0.1 |
| Fe | balance | — |
A182 F3VCb-ANN — frequently asked
What is A182 F3VCb-ANN used for?
A182 F3VCb-ANN is typically used for hydroprocessing reactor forgings, heavy pressure vessel components, heavy-wall reactor shell courses, reactor closure flanges, hydrocracker nozzle forgings and thick-section high-temperature piping forgings. In short: strongest 2.25Cr-1Mo forging; hydrogen-service reactor grade; 540 °C service temperature.
What is the yield strength of A182 F3VCb-ANN?
A182 F3VCb-ANN has a typical yield strength of 350 MPa (50.8 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 74% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 5 listed tempers.
Is A182 F3VCb-ANN easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machines like Q&T 4140 at ~200 HB — rigid setups, carbide inserts, 60–120 m/min; leave stock for final PWHT distortion on heavy forgings.
Can A182 F3VCb-ANN be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (50/100). SAW/SMAW with matching 3Cr-1Mo-V filler, 200–250 °C preheat/interpass, strict low-hydrogen control, DHT after welding and mandatory 690–710 °C PWHT; check J-factor and weld X-bar limits.
What surface finishes work on A182 F3VCb-ANN?
Internal surfaces normally clad with 309L/347 stainless weld overlay; external surfaces shot-blasted and coated with high-temperature aluminum/silicone paint under insulation.
Can A182 F3VCb-ANN be formed, bent or molded?
Supplied hot-forged from ingot with controlled finish temperature; not a cold-forming grade — reheat above 950 °C for any shaping.
What is the maximum service temperature of A182 F3VCb-ANN?
A182 F3VCb-ANN is rated for continuous use to about 540°C (1,004 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between A182 F3VCb-QT and A182 F3VCb-ANN?
QT is the default condition — standard code-supply condition for heavy hydroprocessing reactor and pressure-vessel forgings. ANN: non-code intermediate condition for rough machining or repair of large forgings before final quench and temper. Yield strength is 515 MPa in QT versus 350 MPa in ANN.
Sources
- ASTM A182/A182M — Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service — ASTM International (2023)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Properties (Metric) — ASME (2023)
- API RP 934-A — Materials and Fabrication of 2¼Cr-1Mo, 2¼Cr-1Mo-¼V, 3Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo-¼V Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels — API (2019)
- API RP 941 — Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures — API (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.