Steel 35L
GOST 35L
GOST 35L is a medium-carbon cast steel of about 0.35 % C from the Russian GOST cast steel series, typically supplied at 290 MPa yield, 520 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and about 163 HB (84 HRB).
Reference datasheet — 35L is not in the instant-quote catalog. Upload your part and an engineer will quote it in this grade or suggest the closest stocked equivalent.
Values for the N+T condition
35L tempers and conditions
35L is supplied in 7 conditions, soft to hard. N+T is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 7 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spheroidize annealed | Untreated casting — only for non-critical parts; coarse dendritic structure with residual casting stresses. | 265 | 490 | 12 | 155 HB | 9 % IACS |
Solution annealed | Full anneal near 860–880 °C with furnace cool for maximum machinability and lowest residual stress before finish machining. | 270 | 490 | 18 | 148 HB | 9 % IACS |
Stress relieved | 600–650 °C soak after casting, welding or rough machining to remove residual stress with minimal property change. | 280 | 505 | 16 | 158 HB | 9 % IACS |
N+TDefault Normalized and tempered | Standard delivery condition of GOST 977-88 castings — best balance of strength, ductility and stress relief for general machine parts. | 290 | 520 | 16 | 163 HB | — |
Normalized | Air-cooled from ~870 °C to refine the as-cast grain and raise strength; used when tempering is not specified. | 300 | 540 | 15 | 170 HB | 9 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Water/oil quench from ~860 °C plus 550–650 °C temper for the highest strength and best fatigue life in gears and couplings; section-size limited by hardenability. | 430 | 660 | 13 | 18 HRC | — |
Surface hardened | Induction- or flame-hardened teeth/journals on an N+T or Q&T core when wear resistance is needed; core properties unchanged. | 430 | 660 | 12 | 50 HRC | 8.5 % IACS |
What is 35L?
GOST 35L is a medium-carbon cast steel of about 0.35 % C from the Russian GOST cast steel series, typically supplied at 290 MPa yield, 520 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation and about 163 HB (84 HRB). It offers higher strength than 25L and responds to heat treatment, so it is used for cast gears, couplings, shafts and machine frames; conditions on file include as-cast, annealed, normalized, N+T, Q&T, stress-relieved and surface-hardened. The cost is reduced ductility, a carbon equivalent near 0.5 that requires preheat and post-weld stress relief, no corrosion resistance and a service ceiling of about 400 °C. Use 25L where weldability governs. 35L has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). 35L has a yield strength of 290 MPa (42.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 88% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
What is 35L used for?
- gears
- couplings
- shafts (cast)
- machine frames
Advantages
- Conducts heat well — 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 290 MPa (42.1 ksi), worse than 88% of steel grades
- Limited formability — 15/100, worse than 87% of steel grades
35L properties
Typical room-temperature values for 35L-N+T; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
35L has a density of 7.83 g/cm³ (0.283 lb/in³), lighter than 80% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical15
35L has a yield strength of 290 MPa (42.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 88% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 16% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
35L is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 49 W/m·K (28.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 83% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.1 µm/m·K (6.72 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
35L conducts electricity at 9 % IACS, better than 71% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 35L takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 80%.
Manufacturability8
35L's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability poor (15/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 35L is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 35L
Is 35L easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or N+T condition with carbide tooling; expect abrasive sand/scale on the as-cast skin — take a heavy first cut.
Can 35L be welded?
Weldable with low-hydrogen E7018-type consumables, but CE ≈ 0.5 demands 150–250 °C preheat and a 600–650 °C post-weld stress relief to avoid HAZ cracking.
Can 35L be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or shell casting; feed heavy sections generously — steel's high shrinkage (~2 %) and narrow freezing range make risering and gating critical.
35L chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGOST 977-88 | 0.32 – 0.4 | 0.36 |
| Si | 0.2 – 0.52 | 0.35 |
| Mn | 0.4 – 0.9 | 0.65 |
| S≤0.06 for lower casting categories | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Crresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Niresidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Curesidual | ≤ 0.3 | 0.15 |
| Fe | balance | — |
What surface finishes work on 35L?
Shot-blast and prime; protect with paint, zinc or phosphate coating since bare 35L rusts quickly. Induction hardening or nitrocarburizing can be used on wear surfaces.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Organic Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
How much does 35L cost?
35L is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
35L — frequently asked
What is 35L used for?
35L is typically used for gears, couplings, shafts (cast) and machine frames. In short: higher strength than 25L; heat-treatable GOST cast steel; preheat required for welding.
What is the yield strength of 35L?
35L has a typical yield strength of 290 MPa (42.1 ksi) and a tensile strength of 520 MPa (75.4 ksi) — weaker than 88% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 7 listed tempers.
Is 35L easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or N+T condition with carbide tooling; expect abrasive sand/scale on the as-cast skin — take a heavy first cut.
Can 35L be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Weldable with low-hydrogen E7018-type consumables, but CE ≈ 0.5 demands 150–250 °C preheat and a 600–650 °C post-weld stress relief to avoid HAZ cracking.
What surface finishes work on 35L?
Shot-blast and prime; protect with paint, zinc or phosphate coating since bare 35L rusts quickly. Induction hardening or nitrocarburizing can be used on wear surfaces.
Can 35L be formed, bent or molded?
Sand or shell casting; feed heavy sections generously — steel's high shrinkage (~2 %) and narrow freezing range make risering and gating critical.
What is the maximum service temperature of 35L?
35L is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 35L N+T and 35L-SH?
N+T is the default condition — standard delivery condition of GOST 977-88 castings — best balance of strength, ductility and stress relief for general machine parts. SH: induction- or flame-hardened teeth/journals on an N+T or Q&T core when wear resistance is needed; core properties unchanged. Yield strength is 290 MPa in N+T versus 430 MPa in SH.
How much does 35L cost?
35L is a budget-cost steel ($), cheaper than about 90% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Sources
- ГОСТ 977-88 Отливки стальные. Общие технические условия — Gosstandart (1988)
- Marochnik stali i splavov — 35Л — Marochnik (2023)
- Steel Castings Handbook, 6th ed. — SFSA / ASM International (1995)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- GB/T 11352 (ZG270-500 comparison) — SAC (2009)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.