Steel 12Cr1MoV-HR (Hot rolled)
Supply condition
GB 12Cr1MoV
Take as-rolled bar or plate as the lowest-cost blank at 310 MPa yield and 170 HB when the part will be normalized, tempered or quenched after machining.
Values for the HR condition
Other 12Cr1MoV tempers and conditions
12Cr1MoV is listed in 6 conditions; see the grade overview at 12Cr1MoV.
Compare all 6 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solution annealed | Order the roughly 900 °C slow-cooled annealed bar or forging at 145 HB for rough machining and cold forming, then normalize and temper before service. | 245 | 470 | 27 | 145 HB | 8 % IACS |
N&TDefault Normalized and tempered | Choose the roughly 970 °C normalize plus 730–750 °C temper for boiler tubes, main steam lines and high-temperature bolts; 285 MPa yield with rupture strength and toughness balanced to 580 °C. | 285 | 520 | 24 | 160 HB | — |
HRThis page Hot rolled | Take as-rolled bar or plate as the lowest-cost blank at 310 MPa yield and 170 HB when the part will be normalized, tempered or quenched after machining. | 310 | 550 | 21 | 170 HB | 7.8 % IACS |
Normalized | Use the 960–990 °C air-cooled normalized-only state as an intermediate stage: 410 MPa yield and 190 HB, but high hardness and residual stress make a following temper necessary. | 410 | 620 | 20 | 190 HB | 7.7 % IACS |
Cold drawn | Choose cold-drawn, stress-relieved seamless tube or bright bar for tight tolerance and 500 MPa yield; elongation drops to 13%, and a final normalize and temper is needed for high-temperature use. | 500 | 640 | 13 | 195 HB | 7.7 % IACS |
Quenched and tempered | Pick oil quenching plus a 680–720 °C temper for high-temperature bolts and turbine fasteners needing 560 MPa yield and 215 HB; elongation falls to 18% and service is limited to 550 °C. | 560 | 720 | 18 | 19 HRC | — |
What is 12Cr1MoV-HR?
12Cr1MoV-HR is 12Cr1MoV supplied in the HR condition — take as-rolled bar or plate as the lowest-cost blank at 310 MPa yield and 170 HB when the part will be normalized, tempered or quenched after machining. 12Cr1MoV-HR has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 21% and the elastic modulus is 212 GPa (30.7 Msi). 12Cr1MoV-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F). N&T is the default condition FabDigit quotes; HR is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 540°C (1,004 °F), better than 93% of steel grades
- Good corrosion resistance — 22/100, better than 90% of steel grades
Limitations
- Low strength — 310 MPa (45 ksi), worse than 83% of steel grades
12Cr1MoV-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for 12Cr1MoV-HR; 22 are specific to this condition. Other listed values are 12Cr1MoV reference data and may not represent this condition. Bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
12Cr1MoV-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,490°C (2,714 °F).
Mechanical16
12Cr1MoV-HR has a yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 21% and the elastic modulus is 212 GPa (30.7 Msi).
Thermal6
12Cr1MoV-HR is rated for continuous service to 540°C (1,004 °F). It conducts heat at 38 W/m·K (22 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 69% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12 µm/m·K (6.67 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
12Cr1MoV-HR has an electrical resistivity of 2.2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental2
Corrosion resistance is poor (22/100), better than 90% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 12Cr1MoV-HR takes about 30 MJ of energy and emits 2.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 56% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
12Cr1MoV-HR's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability good (55/100); formability fair (46/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Confirm any required mill or lot documentation when quoting.
Working with 12Cr1MoV-HR
Is 12Cr1MoV easy to machine?
In the normalized-and-tempered condition it machines normally with carbide tooling at about 55 % of the 1212 rate: low to moderate speeds, heavier feeds and generous coolant. Tool wear rises sharply in the quenched-and-tempered condition.
Can 12Cr1MoV be welded?
Weldable but classed as restricted-weldability steel: use Cr-Mo-V consumables of the R31 / R317 type for TIG or SMAW, preheat 250–300 °C, hold interpass temperature at or above preheat, and temper at 720–750 °C after welding for hydrogen removal and stress relief.
Can 12Cr1MoV be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form (tube bending, forging) between 1150 °C and 850 °C and always re-normalize and temper afterwards. Keep cold bend radii large and stress-relieve after cold deformation.
What surface finishes work on 12Cr1MoV?
Anodizing does not apply. Piping is normally blasted and then coated with high-temperature protective paint or aluminized; fasteners can be phosphated or zinc plated, with a 200 °C bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.
12Cr1MoV chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGB/T 5310 / GB/T 3077 | 0.08 – 0.15 | 0.12 |
| Si | 0.17 – 0.37 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Mo | 0.25 – 0.35 | 0.3 |
| VVC precipitation strengthening; raises creep-rupture strength | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.22 |
| P≤ 0.025 for tube (grade G) | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S≤ 0.010 for tube (grade G) | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Niresidual element | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Curesidual element | ≤ 0.2 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
12Cr1MoV-HR — frequently asked
What is 12Cr1MoV-HR used for?
12Cr1MoV-HR is typically used for superheater and reheater tubes, high-pressure steam piping, hot petrochemical piping, hydrocracker unit components, boiler headers and manifolds and high-temperature flanges and fittings. In short: heat-resistant alloy pipe.
What is the yield strength of 12Cr1MoV-HR?
12Cr1MoV-HR has a typical yield strength of 310 MPa (45 ksi) and a tensile strength of 550 MPa (79.8 ksi) — weaker than 83% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 12Cr1MoV-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). In the normalized-and-tempered condition it machines normally with carbide tooling at about 55 % of the 1212 rate: low to moderate speeds, heavier feeds and generous coolant. Tool wear rises sharply in the quenched-and-tempered condition.
Can 12Cr1MoV-HR be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (55/100). Weldable but classed as restricted-weldability steel: use Cr-Mo-V consumables of the R31 / R317 type for TIG or SMAW, preheat 250–300 °C, hold interpass temperature at or above preheat, and temper at 720–750 °C after welding for hydrogen removal and stress relief.
What surface finishes work on 12Cr1MoV-HR?
Anodizing does not apply. Piping is normally blasted and then coated with high-temperature protective paint or aluminized; fasteners can be phosphated or zinc plated, with a 200 °C bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.
Can 12Cr1MoV-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Hot form (tube bending, forging) between 1150 °C and 850 °C and always re-normalize and temper afterwards. Keep cold bend radii large and stress-relieve after cold deformation.
What is the maximum service temperature of 12Cr1MoV-HR?
12Cr1MoV-HR is rated for continuous use to about 540°C (1,004 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 12Cr1MoV N&T and 12Cr1MoV-QT?
N&T is the default condition — choose the roughly 970 °C normalize plus 730–750 °C temper for boiler tubes, main steam lines and high-temperature bolts; 285 MPa yield with rupture strength and toughness balanced to 580 °C. QT: pick oil quenching plus a 680–720 °C temper for high-temperature bolts and turbine fasteners needing 560 MPa yield and 215 HB; elongation falls to 18% and service is limited to 550 °C. Yield strength is 285 MPa in N&T versus 560 MPa in QT.
Can FabDigit make parts in 12Cr1MoV-HR?
Yes — 12Cr1MoV-HR is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASME BPVC Section II Part D — Properties (Cr-Mo steels) — ASME (2023)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.