Steel 1075
AISI/SAE 1075 · UNS G10740 · GB 75
1075 is a plain-carbon (≈0.75 % C) high-carbon steel supplied mainly as strip, wire and flat bar for springs, saw blades, hand tools and knives.
Values for the HR condition
1075 tempers and conditions
1075 is supplied in 10 conditions, soft to hard. HR is the default FabDigit quotes; the values on this page are for it.
Compare all 10 conditionsHide
| Condition · open for datasheet | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness | Conductivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
full/spheroidize annealed (softest condition) | Choose for maximum machinability, deep drawing or cold forming before hardening. | 400 | 660 | 22 | 185 HB | — |
HRDefault Hot rolled | Most commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user. | 470 | 830 | 11 | 235 HB | — |
austenitized ~870–900 °C, air cooled | Use to refine grain and homogenize fine pearlite before machining or hardening; higher strength than annealed. | 530 | 960 | 11 | 28 HRC | — |
Cold drawn | Cold-drawn bar and hard-drawn wire: tighter tolerance, better surface and higher yield than hot rolled. | 830 | 980 | 8 | 29 HRC | — |
Cold rolled | Cold-rolled strip for shims, blades and flat springs that are formed and then hardened, or used as-rolled where high yield is enough. | 900 | 1,050 | 5 | 30 HRC | 9 % IACS |
Spring temper | Pick for flat springs, clips, feeler and saw stock needing fatigue life and some bendability. | 1,200 | 1,400 | 9 | 43 HRC | — |
Quenched and tempered | General hardened-and-tempered condition (~400–450 °C temper) balancing spring strength with usable toughness. | 1,300 | 1,500 | 8 | 45 HRC | — |
Oil Tempered spring wire | Continuously austenitized, oil-quenched and tempered wire for coil springs — coil directly, no post-heat treatment beyond stress relief. | 1,400 | 1,600 | 7 | 47 HRC | 9 % IACS |
Medium-temper tool/blade condition | Use for impact tools, machetes, chisels and heavy blades where toughness matters more than peak edge hardness. | 1,550 | 1,750 | 6 | 52 HRC | — |
Hardened + low temper | Quench (water/fast oil) plus 175–200 °C temper for knives, saw teeth and springs needing maximum edge retention; brittle in thick or notched sections. | 1,700 | 2,000 | 3 | 58 HRC | — |
What is 1075?
1075 is a plain-carbon (≈0.75 % C) high-carbon steel supplied mainly as strip, wire and flat bar for springs, saw blades, hand tools and knives. It water- or oil-hardens to 58–64 HRC as-quenched and is normally used quenched-and-tempered or as cold-rolled/blue-tempered spring strip, giving high strength and edge retention at low cost. Limits are poor weldability, essentially no corrosion resistance, low toughness above ~50 HRC and a shallow hardening depth (thin sections only). 1075 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F). 1075 has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 57% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
What is 1075 used for?
- Clutch plates
- Spring clips
- Blades
Advantages
- Low embodied carbon — 1.9 kg CO₂/kg, better than 92% of steel grades
- Polishes to a fine finish — 70/100, better than 87% of steel grades
- Conducts heat well — 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades
- High electrical conductivity — 9.5 % IACS, better than 75% of steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 11%, worse than 89% of steel grades
- Difficult to weld — 18/100, worse than 87% of steel grades
- Difficult to machine — 38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades
- Limited service temperature — 300°C (572 °F), worse than 78% of steel grades
1075 properties
Typical room-temperature values for 1075-HR; bars are the position among steel grades.
Physical3
1075 has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,425°C (2,597 °F).
Mechanical14
1075 has a yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 57% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 11% and the elastic modulus is 205 GPa (29.7 Msi).
Thermal6
1075 is rated for continuous service to 300°C (572 °F). It conducts heat at 48 W/m·K (27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 79% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.5 µm/m·K (6.39 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
1075 conducts electricity at 9.5 % IACS, better than 75% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (8/100), worse than 99% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 1075 takes about 25 MJ of energy and emits 1.9 kg of CO₂ — less than 82% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 28%.
Manufacturability8
1075's machinability is fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades); weldability poor (18/100); formability fair (35/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 1075 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Working with 1075
Is 1075 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with rigid setups and carbide tooling; hardened material above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1075 be welded?
Poor weldability (CE ≈ 0.9): if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and temper immediately after welding.
Can 1075 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only when annealed or in thin strip; hot work 850–1100 °C, harden from 790–830 °C (water/brine for thin, fast oil for thicker), temper 175–450 °C to target hardness.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit applies to 1075. Every 1075 part is priced by an engineer; design inside these and the quote comes back without a redesign loop.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Fair38 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | P.1 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 220 / 260 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / — |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Fair35 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Fair18 / 100 |
| Bendable | Yes |
1075 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CGB 75: 0.72–0.80 | 0.7 – 0.8 | 0.75 |
| MnGB 75: 0.50–0.80 | 0.4 – 0.7 | 0.55 |
| Sikilled steel; not specified for rimmed AISI heats, GB 75: 0.17–0.37 | 0.1 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| P | ≤ 0.04 | |
| Smax (ASTM A29 bar) | ≤ 0.05 | |
| Fe | balance |
What surface finishes work on 1075?
No corrosion resistance — protect with oil, black oxide/bluing, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; polishes to a bright finish when hardened.
Surface treatments FabDigit runs on steel parts — pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing. Each links to its datasheet in the surface-finish library (thickness, specs, call-out, material verdicts).
Plating
CVD Coating
Black / Phosphate
Thermal Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 1075 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- UNS
- G10740
- AISI / SAE
- 1074
- GB (China)
- 75
How much does 1075 cost?
1075 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 81% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
1075 — frequently asked
What is 1075 used for?
1075 is typically used for clutch plates, spring clips and blades. In short: high hardness; blade steel.
What is the yield strength of 1075?
1075 has a typical yield strength of 470 MPa (68.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 830 MPa (120 ksi) — stronger than 57% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is 1075 easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, worse than 80% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or spheroidized state with rigid setups and carbide tooling; hardened material above ~50 HRC needs grinding or EDM.
Can 1075 be welded?
Not readily — weldability is rated poor (18/100). Poor weldability (CE ≈ 0.9): if unavoidable, preheat 250–350 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and temper immediately after welding.
What surface finishes work on 1075?
No corrosion resistance — protect with oil, black oxide/bluing, phosphate, zinc plating or paint; polishes to a bright finish when hardened.
Can 1075 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only when annealed or in thin strip; hot work 850–1100 °C, harden from 790–830 °C (water/brine for thin, fast oil for thicker), temper 175–450 °C to target hardness.
What is the maximum service temperature of 1075?
1075 is rated for continuous use to about 300°C (572 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between 1075-HR and 1075-OT?
HR is the default condition — most commonly stocked mill condition for plate, flat bar and coil that will be re-heat-treated by the user. OT: continuously austenitized, oil-quenched and tempered wire for coil springs — coil directly, no post-heat treatment beyond stress relief. Yield strength is 470 MPa in HR versus 1,400 MPa in OT.
How much does 1075 cost?
1075 is a standard-cost steel ($$), cheaper than about 81% of the materials FabDigit quotes. Part price depends far more on geometry, tolerance and quantity than on the raw stock — upload a CAD file for a live quote.
Can FabDigit make parts in 1075?
Yes — 1075 is available for CNC machining and sheet metal; every part is priced by an engineer rather than instantly. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A29/A29M — Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought — ASTM (2020)
- ASTM A682/A684 — High-Carbon Cold-Rolled Spring Steel Strip — ASTM (2018)
- ASTM A229 / A230 — Oil-Tempered Carbon Steel Spring Wire — ASTM (2019)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- Mysteel / SMM (2025)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.